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Articles 1 - 30 of 98
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Prairie Naturalist Volume 21, No.4 December 1989
The Prairie Naturalist Volume 21, No.4 December 1989
The Prairie Naturalist
SMALL MAMMALS IN TALL-GRASS PRAIRIE: PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH GRAZING AND BURNING ▪ E. K. Clark, D. W. Kaufman, E. J. Finck, and G. A. Kaufman
BURROW DISTRIBUTION OF THIRTEEN-LINED GROUND SQUIRRELS IN RELATION TO TREE CANOPIES ▪ J. L. Koprowski 185
SPRING AND SUMMER PREY REMAINS COLLECTED FROM MALE MINK DENS IN SOUTHWESTERN MANITOBA ▪ . T. W. Arnold and E. K. Fritzell
BREEDING CANVASBACKS: A TEST OF A HABITAT MODEL ▪ D. H. Johnson, M. C. Hammond, T. L. McDonald, C. L. Nustad, and M. D. Schwartz
A CHECKLIST OF THE ANTS OF OKLAHOMA ▪ G. C. Wheeler and …
Effects Of Acidic Precipitation On The Soil Chemistry And Bioavailability Of Aluminum, Manganese, And Copper, Alan Christie Stam
Effects Of Acidic Precipitation On The Soil Chemistry And Bioavailability Of Aluminum, Manganese, And Copper, Alan Christie Stam
Doctoral Dissertations
The effects of acidic precipitation on the soil solution chemistry and bioavailability of AI, Mn, and Cu in soils from spruce-fir and oak-hickory forests were examined in laboratory, greenhouse, and field studies.
Soil solution concentrations of labile (inorganic) monomeric AI (LMAI) increased with decreasing solution pH and with increasing exchangeable AI and decreasing exchangeable Ca/AI of the soils. Dissolved organic matter decreased with decreasing solution pH and influenced decreases in nonlabile (organic) monomeric AI (NLMAI).
Simulated acidic precipitation increased LMAI concentrations in the laboratory equilibration and greenhouse studies, but not in the field plot studies in oak-hickory and spruce-fir forests. …
Nutritive And Nonnutritive Sucking And The Temporal Organization Of The Suckling Behavior Of Domestic Piglets, Jeffrey Rushen, David Fraser
Nutritive And Nonnutritive Sucking And The Temporal Organization Of The Suckling Behavior Of Domestic Piglets, Jeffrey Rushen, David Fraser
Feeding Behavior Collection
Detailed video recordings of the suckling behavior of one piglet from each of four litters were analyzed to determine how the components of piglet suckling behavior are organized in relation to the time of milk ejection and the temporal pattern of grunting by the sow. Early in the suckling episode, most piglets massaged the udder with their snouts, and then changed gradually to sucking the teats with slow mouth movements (1-2/sec). The piglets then had a distinct phase of sucking with rapid mouth movements (4-5/sec) which began suddenly and lasted about 5 to 15 sec. The weight gains of piglets …
Introduction And Enhancement Of Vegetative Cover At Lake Mead, Jennifer S. Haley, Lisa K. Croft, Suzanne E. Leavitt, Larry J. Paulson
Introduction And Enhancement Of Vegetative Cover At Lake Mead, Jennifer S. Haley, Lisa K. Croft, Suzanne E. Leavitt, Larry J. Paulson
Publications (WR)
Studies done by the Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW) and the Arizona Fish and Game between 1978 and 1981 indicate that inadequate cover may be limiting the production and survival of largemouth bass at the Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LMNRA). As a result of these studies, NDOW initiated a contract in 1986 with the Lake Mead Research Center (LMRC) to investigate means of improving habitat for game fish by introducing natural and/or artificial cover.
During Phase I (1986-1987) of this contract, the shoreline of Lake Mead was surveyed for aquatic and terrestrial plant growth. Also during this time, submerged …
City Of Virginia Beach Marsh Inventory: Volume 3 Back Bay And Tributaries, Walter L. Priest Iii, Gene M. Silberhorn, Sharon Dewing
City Of Virginia Beach Marsh Inventory: Volume 3 Back Bay And Tributaries, Walter L. Priest Iii, Gene M. Silberhorn, Sharon Dewing
Reports
No abstract provided.
Frequency-Dependent Seed Dispersal By Ants Of Two Deciduous Forest Herbs, Brent H. Smith, Catherine E. De Rivera, Cara Lin Bridgman, John J. Woid
Frequency-Dependent Seed Dispersal By Ants Of Two Deciduous Forest Herbs, Brent H. Smith, Catherine E. De Rivera, Cara Lin Bridgman, John J. Woid
Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations
Two co—occurring deciduous forest myrmecochores, Asarum canadense and Jeffersonia diphylla, release their seeds at approximately the same time, and therefore potentially compete for ants as dispersers. Within a single woodlot, we placed seeds of both species inside a dense Jeffersonia population away from Asarum plants, inside a dense Asarum population away from Jeffersonia plants, and in a site where plants of neither species occurred. No preference was exhibited by ants where natural populations were absent. Preference at the other two sites was frequency dependent: ants preferred seeds of the introduced species. Species preferred by ants have higher seed and …
Population And Social Biology Of Free-Ranging Dogs, Canis Familiaris, Thomas J. Daniels, Marc Bekoff
Population And Social Biology Of Free-Ranging Dogs, Canis Familiaris, Thomas J. Daniels, Marc Bekoff
Ecology Collection
Population size and density, age structure, survivorship patterns, sex ratios, social organization of urban, rural, and feral dog (Canis familiaris) populations were examined in Cd. Juarez, Mexico (urban site) and on the Navajo reservation (rural and wild sites) between June 1983 and December 1984. Urban and rural dogs were less social than expected whereas dogs characteristically lived in packs. Seasonal variation in the structure of feral dog packs influenced by reproduction, both directly (pups born into the pack) and indirectly (pregnant females may temporarily emigrate form the pack to give birth).
Can Genetically Engineered Crops Become Weeds?, Kathleen H. Keeler
Can Genetically Engineered Crops Become Weeds?, Kathleen H. Keeler
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
There are significant differences if the distribution of weedy characteristics among weeds, normal plants, and crops. The world’s most serious weeds possess on the average 10 or 11 of these characters, a random collection of British plants have an average seven of the traits, and crop plants only five. For the average crop to become as “weedy” as the average weed, it would need to acquire five weedy traits. Even using the unlikely assumption that those traits are single loci in which a dominant mutation would provide the weedy character, this would require the simultaneous acquisition of five gene substitutions. …
Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee Report To The Hon Minister For Fisheries., Fisheries Dept. Of Western Australia
Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee Report To The Hon Minister For Fisheries., Fisheries Dept. Of Western Australia
Fisheries management papers
To ensure full consultation with members of the fishing industry, the Committee arranged a series of meetings at the main coastal centres after the close of the fishing season. Each meeting followed the same format which allowed matters related to research and management to be discussed. After these meetings the Committee met to formulate its advice to the Minister on the matters raised during the Coastal Tour and from Committee discussions.
A Revision Of The North American Papillose Allocreadiidae (Digenea) With Independent Cladistic Analyses Of Larval And Adult Forms, Janine N. Caira
A Revision Of The North American Papillose Allocreadiidae (Digenea) With Independent Cladistic Analyses Of Larval And Adult Forms, Janine N. Caira
Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum
Adult specimens of all 19 North American species of papillose allocreadiids were examined. A description and figure is given for the adult of each species; details of the cirrus sacs are presented for most spesies for the first time. Descriptions were emended where necessary and judgments were made on synonymies. Scanning electron micrographs of the oral sucker of 10 species are presented as is a new key to the 19 species. A cladistic analysis was performed on the group based on adult characters. The analysis indicated that the group is monophyletic on the basis of the ventral papillae associated with …
The Water Vapor Conductance Of Squamate Reptilian Eggs: The Influence Of Scaling On Nesting Ecology., Louis A. Somma
The Water Vapor Conductance Of Squamate Reptilian Eggs: The Influence Of Scaling On Nesting Ecology., Louis A. Somma
Papers in Herpetology
Flexible-shelled eggs of squamate reptiles are strongly influenced by their surrounding microclimate, particularly the hydric conditions of the nest. The eggshell water vapor conductance of an egg can be an indication of its requirement for water from the nest. Ackerman et al. (1985. Physiol. Zool. 58:129-137) have described the scaling relationship for eggshell water vapor conductance (GH2O) of flexible-shelled reptilian eggs (GH2O = 981.8M0.52). This scaling relationship was investigated with water vapor conductance data obtained from 8 species of lizards representing the families Iguanidae (Anolis carolinensis, A. sagrai, Sceloporus woodi, S. virgatus) …
Natural And Disturbance-Induced Demographic Variation In An Infaunal Polychaete, Nephtys Incisa, Roman Zajac, Robert B. Whitlatch
Natural And Disturbance-Induced Demographic Variation In An Infaunal Polychaete, Nephtys Incisa, Roman Zajac, Robert B. Whitlatch
Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications
Demography of the infaunal polychaete Nephtys incisa was investigated for periods of 1 yr prior to and following disturbance (dredge material disposal) at a site in central Long Island Sound, USA. Infaunal grab samples were taken at 5 stations 200 m to 3 km apart. The demography of populations at each station was based on age-classes spanning juveniles to adults 4 + yr of age. Age-specific survivorship and fecundity were based on changes in mean density of each cohort and a positive correlation between female size and egg production, respectively. Analyses of population matrix models indicated pre-disposal populations had positive …
The Prairie Naturalist Volume 21, No.3 September 1989
The Prairie Naturalist Volume 21, No.3 September 1989
The Prairie Naturalist
SEED DISPERSAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PLAINS SILVER SAGEBRUSH ▪ C. L. Wambolt, T. Walton, and R. S. White
ON THE TRAIL OF THE ANT, VEROMESSOR LOBOGNATHUS . ▪ G. C. Wheeler and J. Wheeler
LAND USE RELATIONSHIPS TO AVIAN CHOLERA OUTBREAKS IN THE NEBRASKA RAINWATER BASIN AREA ▪ B. J. Smith, K. F. Higgins, and C. F. Gritzner
INCIDENCE OF LEAD SHOT IN THE RAINWATER BASINS OF SOUTH CENTRAL NEBRASKA ▪ . D. W. Oates
REPRODUCTION, RECRUITMENT, AND SURVIVAL OF BROWN AND RAINBOW TROUT IN A PRAIRIE COTEAU STREAM ▪ C. L. Milewski and D. W. Willis
SIZE STRUCTURE AND CATCH …
Foreign Investment In The Rock Lobster Industry. A Policy Statement By Gordan Hill Mla Minister For Fisheries, Fisheries Dept. Of Western Australia
Foreign Investment In The Rock Lobster Industry. A Policy Statement By Gordan Hill Mla Minister For Fisheries, Fisheries Dept. Of Western Australia
Fisheries management papers
Foreign investment in the rock lobster industry become an important issue during 1988 following the purchase of the rock lobster processing establishment INF Pty Ltd by the Japanese company Chungagon. On 24 June 1988 the then Minister for Fisheries, the Hon. Julian Grill, issued a press release setting out that foreign investment in the rock lobster industry would be put under scrutiny. The debate on rock lobster processing, involves not only questions of end-user ownership with the likely concentration on small-sized rock lobsters but also on the location of rock lobster processing establishments along the coast. In September 1988, with …
Tidal Flat Ecology: An Experimental Approach To Species Interactions By K. Riess, John T. Tanacredi Ph.D.
Tidal Flat Ecology: An Experimental Approach To Species Interactions By K. Riess, John T. Tanacredi Ph.D.
Faculty Works: CERCOM
A periodic pause to intensely observe a singularly unique ecosystem sharpens one's awareness of this diverse world of ours, especially, as the author notes, if one observes a transitional ecosystem whose ecological treasures are hidden or maybe obscured by a tidal sediment's resemblance to a large, rotten cheese! "It smells, is slimy and sticky, is punched with holes and crowded with various worms." Sounds good to me! Reise's "pause" encompasses 10 years in which he investigated the Wadden Sea mudflats near the border between West Germany and Denmark. He uses this site to discuss the biotic and abiotic interactions within …
Effects Of Inter-Specific Density And Food Supply On Survivorship And Growth Of Newly Settled Benthos, Roman Zajac, Robert B. Whitlatch, Richard W. Osman
Effects Of Inter-Specific Density And Food Supply On Survivorship And Growth Of Newly Settled Benthos, Roman Zajac, Robert B. Whitlatch, Richard W. Osman
Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications
Using a laboratory model system comprised of newly settled oysters Crassostrea virginica and established fouling species (Botrylloides sp. initially, and others including Styela clava and Ciona intestinalis as the experiment progressed), we tested how differences in food supply and competitor density may affect post-settlement surivorship and growth of sessile marine invertebrates over a 44 d period. After 15 d, results were mixed but indicated that both food and density conditions affected growth and survivorship significantly, with some suggestion of high food levels ameliorating high density effects However, 44 d after settlement, oysters had reduced survivorship and growth when competitors …
A Field Key To Fish Families Reported From South American Fresh Waters, C. Kelly Swing, John S. Ramsey
A Field Key To Fish Families Reported From South American Fresh Waters, C. Kelly Swing, John S. Ramsey
Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University
No abstract provided.
Distribution And Marketing Of Western Australia Rock Lobster., P. J. Monaghan
Distribution And Marketing Of Western Australia Rock Lobster., P. J. Monaghan
Fisheries management papers
This report describes the marketing and distribution of Western Australian rock lobster products in the major consuming countries namely, USA, Japan and Taiwan. It is based on a study which was commissioned by the Fisheries Department of Western Australia who sought, for the benefit of industry generally, an understanding of the world lobster markets.
Testing Macroevolutionary Hypotheses With Cladistic Analysis: Evidence Against Rectangular Evolution, Cliff A. Lemen, Patricia W. Freeman
Testing Macroevolutionary Hypotheses With Cladistic Analysis: Evidence Against Rectangular Evolution, Cliff A. Lemen, Patricia W. Freeman
School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications
The properties of cladistic data sets from small monophyletic groups (6-1 2 species) are investigated using computer simulations of macroevolution. Two evolutionary models are simulated: gradualism and the punctuated-equilibrium hypothesis. Under the conditions of our simulations these two models of evolution make consistently different predictions about the distribution of autapomorphies among species. When strict stasis is enforced, the punctuated-equilibrium hypothesis predicts that the most expected number of autapomorphies per species will be zero, no matter how many characters are used in the analysis. As the number of characters used in the analysis increases, the distribution of the number of autapomorphies …
City Of Portsmouth Tidal Marsh Inventory, Gene M. Silberhorn, Sharon Dewing
City Of Portsmouth Tidal Marsh Inventory, Gene M. Silberhorn, Sharon Dewing
Reports
No abstract provided.
Picoplankton/Phytoplankton Dynamics In Hampton Roads, Virginia, Leslie E. Dorworth
Picoplankton/Phytoplankton Dynamics In Hampton Roads, Virginia, Leslie E. Dorworth
OES Theses and Dissertations
The biomass distribution of the three main size components of the phytoplankton (net, nano, and picoplankton) was examined in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Work was done at two stations during the spring and neap tidal cycles when freshwater flow into the bay was at its seasonal minimum and maximum. Emphasis was placed on how the picoplankton ( < 2.0 μm, > 0.2 μm) reacted during the sampling period.
Picoplankton made up approximately 13% of the total biomass, during the observed time period, at the more oceanic station. The picoplankton fraction contributed up to 16% of the total biomass at the estuarine station. From this …
The Remipedia (Crustacea): A Study Of Their Reproduction And Ecology, Jill Yager
The Remipedia (Crustacea): A Study Of Their Reproduction And Ecology, Jill Yager
Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations
Remipedes are an unusual group of troglobitic crustaceans that live exclusively in anchialine caves. Since their discovery in 1979, nine species have been described, seven of which are found in caves in the West Indies, one from the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico and one from the Canary Islands. Most of what is known about these animals has come mainly from taxonomic descriptions. Little has been published about their reproductive biology or ecology. The objectives of this dissertation were to investigate the reproductive biology and ecology of the remipedes inhabiting Sagittarius Cave on Grand Bahama Island, Bahamas.
Sagittarius Cave was chosen …
Effects Of Resident Species On Recruitment Into A Community: Larval Settlement Versus Post-Settlement Mortality In The Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Roman Zajac, Richard W. Osman, Robert B. Whitlatch
Effects Of Resident Species On Recruitment Into A Community: Larval Settlement Versus Post-Settlement Mortality In The Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Roman Zajac, Richard W. Osman, Robert B. Whitlatch
Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications
Laboratory and field experiments revealed that a variety of species of common, sessile invertebrates, including barnacles, ascidians, and bryozoans, affected the settlement and post-settlement abundance of the oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin). While the nature of the effects varied, most species both reduced oyster settlement by covering and removing substrate available for attachment, and increased settlement on adjacent surfaces. The solitary ascidians Ciona intestinalis (L.) and Styela clava (Herdman), were found to be predators of oyster larvae. Post-settlement survivorship and growth were also strongly affected by the presence of sessile species. In most cases the effects were negative and correlated with …
Southern Demersal Gillnet And Longline Fishery., Management Advisory Committee
Southern Demersal Gillnet And Longline Fishery., Management Advisory Committee
Fisheries management papers
In its report to the Ministier for Fisheries in November 1986, the Southern Western Australian Shark Working Group recommended the establishment of an Industry/Government Mangement Advisory Committee to provide managememt advice on the fishery to the Minister for Fisheries. The Advisory Committee held its first meeting in Albany on 23 February 1989. After being briefed on the state of shark stocks, the Committee's deliberations fell into three broad categories. In the first category there was sufficient time and information available to make a recommendation to the Minister for Fisheries. In the second category, discussion commenced, but was held over to …
Temporal And Spatial Patterns Of Abundance Of Age 0 Threadfin Shad (Dorosoma Petenense) In Overton Arm, Lake Mead, William Lee Pelle
Temporal And Spatial Patterns Of Abundance Of Age 0 Threadfin Shad (Dorosoma Petenense) In Overton Arm, Lake Mead, William Lee Pelle
Publications (WR)
Temporal and spatial patterns of age 0 threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense) abundance and growth, in the Overton Arm of Lake Mead, were examined to evaluate the effects of resource availability on the young fish. This was part of a larger, game fishery enhancement study (Lake Mead Fertilization Project), designed to assess feasability of increasing survivorship of larval/juvenile shad by boosting phosphate levels, thereby increasing algal and zooplankton biomass, during the shad spawning period. Shad are the primary forage base for the striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and black bass (Macropterus salmoides) fisheries. Weekly samples were …
The Prairie Naturalist Volume 21, No.2 June 1989
The Prairie Naturalist Volume 21, No.2 June 1989
The Prairie Naturalist
THE MISSISSIPPI KITE IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY OF THE SOUTHERN GREAT PLAINS ▪ E. G. Bolen and D. L. Flores
TAPE-RECORDED CHICK CALLS TO LOCATE GRAY PARTRIDGE NESTS ▪ J. P. Carroll
BORROW DISTRIBUTION OF THE THIRTEEN-LINED GROUND SQUIRREL IN GRAZED MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE: EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL HABITAT STRUCTURE ▪ D. W. Kaufman and G. A. Kaufman
PIPING PLOVERS NESTING AT NELSON RESERVOIR, MONTANA ▪ D. W. Prellwitz, T. A. Prellwitz, K. L. Stutzman, and J. W. Stutzman
CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - 1988 ▪ R. N. Randall
CHANGING HABITATS IN THE PLATTE RIVER VALLEY OF NEBRASKA ▪ J. …
Management Of The Perth Metropolitan Purse-Seine Fishery., N. Moore
Management Of The Perth Metropolitan Purse-Seine Fishery., N. Moore
Fisheries management papers
This report outlines the management plan for the limited entry purse-seine fishery for small pelagic fish in coastal waters between Lancelin and Cape Bouvard and seaward to the 200 mile limit of the Australian Fishing Zone. The plan includes Cockburn Sound.
An Analysis Of Institutional Approaches For Management Of Common Rangeland Resources In Sub-Saharan Africa, Mohale Gabriel Sekoto
An Analysis Of Institutional Approaches For Management Of Common Rangeland Resources In Sub-Saharan Africa, Mohale Gabriel Sekoto
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The purpose of this report is to address the issues that are relevant to the management of common rangeland resources in Sub-Saharan Africa. I feel that the issues presented here are among some of those which are important and need to be considered in order to understand the kind of performance perceived about the efforts to develop the range and livestock in pastoral societies. In this report, three case studies have been reviewed, regarding institutional approaches tried to manage common rangelands. These case studies are about group ranches in Kajiado District, Kenya and in Upper Volta and the Sehlabathebe Grazing …
Does Rubus Canadensis Interfere With The Growth Of Fraser Fir Seedlings?, Eric Frank Pauley
Does Rubus Canadensis Interfere With The Growth Of Fraser Fir Seedlings?, Eric Frank Pauley
Masters Theses
Vegetation change in the Great Smoky Mountains following balsam woolly adelgid-caused mortality of Fraser fir has included development of a dense Rubus canadensis shrub layer. Many fir seedlings have persisted in the forest understory, but the possible effects of Rubus on their annul growth have not been intensively studied.
This study had two objectives: (1) to determine if significant associations exist among density and shoot growth of Fraser fir seedling, density/biomass of Rubus canadensis, canopy closure, and soil chemical parameters, and (2) to determine the effects of removal of aboveground Rubus stems on fir seedling shoot growth.
Eighty 1 x …
Fee Hunting Opportunities On Private Land In Utah: An Economic And Policy Analysis, Lucy A. Jordan
Fee Hunting Opportunities On Private Land In Utah: An Economic And Policy Analysis, Lucy A. Jordan
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Objectives of this research were (1) to describe fee hunting as it is currently practiced in Utah and (2) to assess the adequacy of fee hunting efforts in addressing the problems of wildlife habitat and hunter access on private land. To collect information, Utah landowners who charged for deer (Odocoileus hemionus) or elk (Cervus elaphus) hunting in 1986 were surveyed by telephone and mail.
Compared to the average Utah livestock rancher, those involved in fee hunting have larger livestock operations and have owned their property longer. They are Utah natives. Fee hunting is concentrated in northern …