Life Sciences Commons^™

Electrophoretic And Immunological Studies On The Relationship Of The Brachyphyllinae And The Glossophaginae, Robert J. Baker, Rodney L. Honeycutt, Michael L. Arnold, Vincent M. Sarich, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Electrophoretic and albumin immunological data indicate that the Brachyphyllinae as currently conceived is a natural assemblage, with Erophylla sezekorni and Phyllonycteris aphylla being more closely related to each other than either is to Brachyphylla cavernarum. In both data sets, values that distinguish Erophylla from Phyllonycteris are in the general range of values that characterize congeneric species of mammals. Immunological distance values for the species Glossophaga soricina, Monophyllus redmani, Anoura caudifer, Leptonycteris sanborni, Choeroniscus minor, and Hylonycteris underuoodi indicate that these taxa are approximately equidistant from the Brachyphyllinae. Immunological comparisons of Glossophaga and Monophyllus to Anoura, Leptonycteris, Choeroniscus, …

Key To Trematodes Reported In Waterfowl, Malcolm Edwin Mcdonald

Harold W. Manter Laboratory: Library Materials

This key is the second in a series for identification of the helminths reported in waterfowl (Family Anatidae, Order Anseriformes). The first was a key to nematodes (McDonald 1974).

The trematodes show the greatest variety of forms among the helminth parasites of waterfowl, including over half of all species reported; sometimes this group also includes the greatest part of the worms in a single bird. Over 500 species of trematodes have been reported in waterfowl. Almost all of these have been included in the present set of keys; it was not possible, however, to obtain the descriptions of a few …

Inhibition Of In Vitro Macrophage Digestion Capacity By Infection With Leishmania Donovani (Protozoa: Kinetoplastida), Gerald F. Kutish, John J. Janovy Jr.

John Janovy Publications

Promastigotes of Leishmania donovani transformed into amastigotes and survived in cultured macrophages. Promastigotes of Leptomonas costoris, a kinetoplastid parasite of water striders, transformed into amastigotes but did not survive in cultured macrophages. A significant difference in size between the two species of parasitic protozoa allowed development of a bioassay in which the in vitro digestion rate of L. costoris was taken as a measure of macrophage digestive capacity following preinfection with L. donovani. In a 12- to 24-hr period, macrophage cultures infected with the 2S strain of L. donovani retained 50% more L. costoris than did control macrophages …

Terranova Ceticola N. Sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) From The Dwarf Sperm Whale, Kogia Simus (Owen), In The Gulf Of Mexico, Thomas L. Deardorff, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Terranova ceticola n. sp. is described from specimens in the stomachs of an individual dwarf sperm whale, Kogia simus, which stranded on the beach at Biloxi, Mississippi. It is characterized by possessing a single pair of medial preanal papillae, 38 to 40 pairs of lateral preanal papillae, five pairs of postanal papillae. and spicules 1 to 2% of the body length and by lacking cuticular plates at the posterior anal lip of males.

The Coccidia Of Quail In The United States, Donald W. Duszynski, Ralph J. Guttiérrez

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Intestinal contents from 12 scaled quail (Callipepla squamata), 10 bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus), 20 harlequin quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae), 35 California quail (Lophortyx californicus), 15 Gambel's quail (Lophortyx gambelii), and 29 mountain quail (Oreortyx pictus) were examined for coccidian oocysts. Only 18 (14.9%) of 121 birds had coccidian oocysts in their feces at the time of collection; these included 9 L. californicus and 9 O. pictus. Four eimerians and an isosporan were found in the 18 infected birds. Eimeria lophortygis and E. okanaganensis had been previously described from …

Raphidascaris Camura Sp. N., Hysterothylacium Eurycheilum (Olsen) Comb. N. And Comments On Heterotyphlum Spaul (Nematoda: Ascaroidea) In Marine Fishes, Thomas L. Deardorff, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Raphidascaris camura sp. n. infected the stomach and intestine of Pomatomus saltatrix (type host), from the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is characterized by having the following combination of features: 31 to 40 pairs of preanal papillae, 10 pairs of postanal papillae with the third papilla from the posterior extremity doubled, nearly equal spicules 1.8 to 2.7% of the body length, and lateral alae abruptly curved near their anterior extremity. Additional species of Raphidascaris were examined and are discussed. Hysterothylacium eurycheilum (Olsen, 1952) comb. n. (=Heterotyphlum e.) from Epinephelus itajara in Florida and the Lesser Antilles, previously known …

A New Species Of Echinocephalus (Nematoda: Gnathostomidae) From Neotropical Stingrays With Comments On E. Diazi, Thomas L. Deardorff, Daniel R. Brooks, Thomas B. Thorson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Echinocephalus daileyi sp. n. is described from the freshwater stingrays Potamotrygon circularis and P. hystrix in South America. It is most similar to E. diazi by virtue of possessing a gubernaculum and six postanal papillae, but may be distinguished from E. diazi and other members of the genus by possessing 30 to 34 rows of spines on the cephalic bulb, three preanal papillae, and a body 55 to 85 mm long. Specimens of E. diazi were collected from Himantura schmardae, the type host, from Cienaga Grande, Colombia, a new locality record. Based on numerical phylogenetic analysis, E. daileyi is …

Hemmorrhagic Lesions In Stomach Of Rhesus Monkey Caused By Piscine Ascaridoid Nematode, Robin M. Overstreet, George W. Meyer

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Within a few hours after being administered to the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), Hysterothylacium type MB larvae penetrated the stomach wall, causing hemorrhage and attracting eosinophils. Inocula of up to 300 larvae, however, did not cause peripheral hypereosinophilia. This species is the first ascaridoid which normally matures in fish that has been shown to penetrate the alimentary tract of a primate. Consequently, human consumption of raw seafood from at least the northern Gulf of Mexico free from infections with Anisakis spp., Phocanema decipiens, or other species that mature in mammals or birds does not necessarily assure freedom …

Trematode-Gastropod Associations In Nine Non-Lacustrine Habitats In The Mwanza Region Of Tanzania, Sam Loker, H. G. Moyo, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Between August 1978 and July 1979, freshwater gastropods were collected at monthly intervals from 9 different non-lacustrine habitats in the Mwanza region of Tanzania. Of a total of 11 708 gastropods representing 14 species, 1748 (14.9 %) were infected with trematode sporocysts and/or rediae. Altogether 38 morphologically distinguishable ‘species’ of cercariae were recovered (13 furcocercous, 10 xiphidiocercaria, 6 echinostome, 4 cystophorous, 3 gymnocephalous and 2 amphistome species), 22 of which did not conform to previously described African species. The majority (63.8%) of all mature infections were xiphidiocercariae. Biomphalaria pfeifferi, B. sudanica and Ceratophallus natalensis each yielded 11 species of …

Parasites And Diseases Of Mullets (Mugilidae), I. Paperna, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The following treatment of parasites, diseases and conditions affecting mullet hopefully serves several functions. It acquaints someone involved in rearing mullets with problems he can face and topics he should investigate. We cannot go into extensive illustrative detail on every species or group, but do provide a listing of most parasites reported or known from mullet and some pertinent general information on them. Because of these enumerations, the paper should also act as a review for anyone interested in mullet parasites or the use of such parasites as indicators about a mullet's diet and migratory behavior. Unfortunately, limited space prohibits …

Differentiation Of Late Fourth And Early Fifth Stages Of Ascaris Suum Goeze, 1782 (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) In Swine, P. A. Pilitt, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, F. G. Tromba, P. A. Madden

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The morphology of late fourth and early fifth stages of Ascaris suum in swine was studied with light and scanning electron microscopy. Late fourth-stage larvae have dome-shaped lips, that are broadest at the base and incompletely separated laterally. The lips bear coarse, triangular dentides, irregularly spaced on the internomedial and internolateral walls. Large double papillae are located on the middle of the external lip surface. The cervical region gradually increases in width posteriorly. The late fourth-stage cuticle is marked by a coarse transverse striation and bears incomplete longitudinal ridges, creating a brickwork pattern; longitudinal alae are present. Late fourth and …

Systematic Review Of Cestodes Infecting Freshwater Stingrays (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) Including Four New Species From Venezuela, Daniel R. Brooks, Monte A. Mayes, Thomas B. Thorson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Cestode parasites were collected in freshwater stingrays from localities in Colombia, Venezuela. Brazil, and Paraguay. Four new species are described from Venezuela. Potamotrygonocestus orinocoensis sp. n. from Potamotrygon reticulatus in the delta of the Orinoco River resembles P. magdalenensis by having compact rather than follicular vitellaria, but differs by having larger and differently shaped bothridial hooks. Acanthobothrium regoi sp. n. from P. hystrix in the delta of the Orinoco River most closely resembles A. quinonesi, but differs by having larger bothridial hooks. Rhinebothroides glandularis sp. n. from Potamotrygon hystrix in the delta of the Orinoco River most closely resembles …

Two New Tetraphyllidean Cestodes From Potamotrygon Circularis Garman (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) In The Itacnai River, Brazill, Monte A. Mayes, Daniel R. Brooks, Thomas B. Thorson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The new genus Rhinebothroides is proposed to include three species of Rhinebothriumlike cestodes parasitizing freshwater stingrays in South America. They differ from Rhinebothrium species by having squared rather than elongate bothridia, by possessing internal seminal vesicles, and by exhibiting terminal genitalia at the ovarian level. Rhinebothroides circularisi sp. n. in Potamotrygon circularis from the Itacuai River in northwestern Brazil differs from R. moralarai by having more testes and bothridial loculi and differs from R. scorzai by lacking vitelline follicles proximate to the genital pore, by having a straight rather than coiled vagina, and by possessing craspedote rather than acraspedote …

Pseudogymnophallus Alcae Gen. N. Et Sp. N. (Trematoda: Gymnophallidae) From Alcids (Charadriiformes) In Subarctic Seas, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Pseudogymnophallus alcae gen. n. et sp. n. is described for trematodes from alcids (Charadriiformes: Alcidae) from the North Pacific region (Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, and Chukchi Sea): horned puffin, Fratercula corniculuta; tufted puffin, Lunda cirrhuta; parakeet auklet, Cvclorrhvnchus psittacula, and least auklet, Aethia pusilla; and from the western North Atlantic Ocean, (Gulf of St. Lawrence): razorbill, Alca torda. Pseudogymnophallus is distinguished from other genera of Gymnophallidae by the intertesticular position of the ovary; a cylindrical, undivided seminal vesicle; and by an intestinal diverticulum dorsal to the arch of each cecum.