Life Sciences Commons^™

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 5, No.4. December 1973

The Prairie Naturalist

REESTABLISHMENT OF PRAIRIE IN EASTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ O. A. Stevens

THE AGE DISTRIBUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PERIODICALS ▪ D. H. Johnson

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE ECOLOGY OF PLUMATELLA REPENS (L.) (BRYOZOA: PLUMATELLIDAE) IN NORTHEASTERN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R. D. Stoaks

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - 1973 ▪ R. N. Randall 61

NOTE: Red-bellied Woodpecker in Rolette, County, North Dakota ▪ D. T. Disrud 52

Index to Volume 5

Rotationally Inelastic Molecular Scattering. Computational Tests Of Some Simple Solutions Of The Strong Coupling Problem, Thomas P. Tsien, Gregory A. Parker, Russell T. Pack

Faculty Publications

Partial cross sections (opacity functions) for rotational transitions in atom-diatom collisions are computed in the infinite-order sudden (IOS) approximation and compared with accurate close-coupling (CC) calculations. Agreement is good in the dominant coupling (small total angular momentum J) region. Simple methods for calculating integral inelastic cross sections are discussed, and it is found that accurate cross sections can often be computed very simply, even when large numbers of channels are coupled together, by using IOS or first-order sudden (FOS) approximations for small J and CC or exponential Born (EBDW) methods for large J.

A Study Of Water-Soluble Inhibitory Compounds (Algicides) Produced By Fresh-Water Algae, Denny O. Harris, Manhar C. Parekh

KWRRI Research Reports

A complex system of growth inhibitors was observed in the green algae (Volvocaceae). Inhibitors were found in the culture filtrates of some genera which limit their own growth (autoinhibitors) while others in the family produce substances which check the growth of other genera (heteroinhibitors). These inhibitors were destroyed by autoclaving. It was decided that Pandorina morum, which produced the strongest inhibitor and Volvox tertius, the most sensitive to the inhibitor would make an excellent model system for a study of the chemical and physical properties of these naturally occurring algicides. The algicide could be removed from actively growing cultures about …

A Detailed Investigation Of The Sociological, Economic, And Ecological Aspects Of Proposed Reservoir Sites In The Salt River Basin Of Kentucky, Stuart E. Neff, Louis A. Krumholz, John R. Baker, Daryl E. Jennings, Andrew C. Miller, Jerry S. Parsons, Vincent H. Resh, David S. White

KWRRI Research Reports

Samples of water, bottom fauna, and fishes were collected from 66 stations in the Salt River and one of its principal tributaries, the Beech Fork and its tributary, the Chaplin River, Kentucky. Precipitation ranged from 38.86 inches (1969) to 58.04 inches (1970), an increase of nearly 50 percent with marked fluctuations in discharge. Intensive comparisons of phosphates, sulfates, specific conductance, total alkalinity, total hardness, and turbidity showed the streams to be relatively clean and healthy. Nearly 300 different kinds of benthic organisms and other macroinvertebrates have been collected and identified from the basin. Detailed studies of caddisflies and stream drift …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 5, No.3. September 1973

The Prairie Naturalist

PRELIMINARY LIST OF NATURAL AREAS IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Harold A. Kantrud

BREEDING BIRD POPULATIONS OF RIVERINE FORESTS IN EASTERN MONTANA ▪ Roger L. Kroodsma

An Historical Review Of Oil Spills Along The Maine Coast 1953-1973, Edward H. Shenton

Maine Collection

An Historical Review of Oil Spills Along the Maine Coast 1953-1973

by Edward H. Shenton

Prepared for The Maine State Planning Office, Coastal Planning Group and The Research Institute of the Gulf of Maine (TRIGOM), August, 1973.

TRIGOM Publication No. 3

Contents: Introduction / A Chronology of Significant Oil Spills / A Summary of Biological Impacts / Spill Statistics / Discussion of Results / Conclusions of the Study / Recommendations for Future Research / Appendices

I. An Isothermal Titration Microcalorimeter. Ii. Importance Of Micronutrients In Nutrition. Iii. Zinc Bibliography, John Willard Gardner

Theses and Dissertations

I. An isothermal titration microcalorimeter having a colume of 4 ml and capable of temerature control to ±2 x 10-5°C is described. Major components include a constant temperature water bath controlled to ±3 x 10-4°C, a platinum reation vessel, and an isothermal control circuit consisting of constant Peltier thermoelectric cooling and variable Joule heating controlled by a thermistor in an AC Wheatstone bridge circuit. The calorimeter was tested by measuring the heat of ionization of water and was found to produce data accurate to ± 0.1% where small samples are used such as in the investigation of many biological systems.

Enzyme And Tissue Alterations In Fishes: A Measure Of Water Quality, David E. Hinton, M. W. Kendall, J. C. Koenig

KWRRI Research Reports

A variety of freshwater fishes were studied by light and electron microscopy, enzyme histochemical and biochemical methods, The objective was to determine normal structure and function in specific target organs and to compare these to altered states in aquatic pollution. The basic question, "can fish tissues and enzymes serve as indicators of water quality?," was asked. Microscopic alteration in gill was indicative of copper toxicity at an exposure of 20 parts per billion, Gross and light microscopic alterations were indicative of a single exposure of channel catfish to 15 parts per million of methyl mercuric chloride (CH₃HgCl). Microscopic …

Inventory Of Lake Studies In Maine, Charles F. Wallace Jr., James M. Strunk

Maine Collection

Inventory of Lake Studies in Maine

By Charles F. Wallace, Jr. and James M. Strunk

State Planning Office, Water Resources Planning Division, July 1973.

"Printed under Appropriation Number 4248.5 and financially assisted by planning grants from the United States Water Resources Council Title III funds."

Contents: Introduction / Investigating Agencies / Federal Agencies / State Agencies / Regional Planning Commissions and Economic Development Districts / Maine Colleges and Universities / Private / Other Private / Other / Appendices

Food And Feeding Of Fishes From Magothy Bay, Virginia, Joseph J. Kimmel

OES Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 5, No.2. June 1973

The Prairie Naturalist

SOME ASPECTS OF MINK-WATERFOWL RELATIONSHIPS ON PRAIRIE WETLANDS ▪ Robert T. Eberhardt

SUMMER AND FALL FOODS OF MINK ON THE J. CLARK SALYER NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE ▪ Wayne F. Cowan and James R. Reilly

GIANT CANADA GEESE ▪ S. O. Kolstoe

SOME LICHENS OF BOG AND PAPER BIRCH FROM NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Dennis T. Disrud and Thomas D. Trana

A PALEOCENE FOSSIL LOCALITY IN SOUTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN: THE SHORT CREEK SECTION ▪ Paul L. Broughton

NOTE: A new orchid for North Dakota ▪ Robert E. Stewart

A Method Of Analyzing Mandibular Movement, Richard B. Mccoy

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Mandibular movement is considered to be a fundamental factor in the study, analysis, and treatment of occlusion. For many years, dentists have realized that dental health depends upon the compatibility of mandibular movements and occlusion. This realization has led to the development of new methods and techniques for recording accurately and scientifically the movements of the mandible. In order for this data to be of scientific value, it must be stored in a usable form which is easily available for analysis.

The purpose of this research project was to develop a procedure for storing and recalling mandibular-movement information. Before such …

Decomposition And Mineralization In An Artemisia Tridentata Community In Northern Nevada, P. L. Comanor, D. C. Prusso

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Distillation-Condensation Of Water And Nutrient Movement In A Desert Ecosystem, N. Stark

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Proteolytic Activity Of Soil Microorganisms, Robert T. O'Brien

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Exercise On Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity Of Catchable-Size Hatchery Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri, Gerlad T. Klar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Effects of exercise and the relative condition of exercised fish were viii evaluated for two strains of rainbow trout. Circular tanks fitted with a paddle were used to continuously exercise the fish and a stamina tunnel was used to evaluate the condition of exercised trout. Trout were exercised continuously at one fish-length per second and one-half fish length per second. Serum LDH activity in Shephard-of-the-Hills (Missouri) rainbow trout acclimated to 10 C increased two fold during the first four days of exercise. Serum LDH activity returned to control levels by the tenth day of exercise. Serum LDH activity in Shephard-of-the-Hills …

Soil As A Factor In Modelling The Phosphorus Cycle In The Desert Ecosystem, J. J. Jurinak, R. A. Griffin

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Predicting Nitrogen Transformations And Ammonia Volatilization In Warm Desert Soils, G. R. Dutt

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Gaseous Losses Of Nitrogen From The Soil Of Semi-Arid Regions, T. C. Tucker, R. L. Westerman

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Nitrogen And Carbon Flux In A Soil-Vegetation Complex In The Desert Biome, D. B. Porcella, J. E. Fletcher, D. L. Sorensen, G. C. Pidge, A. Dogan

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Seed Reserves Of Desert Soils, Stuart Childs, David W. Goodall

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Mechanisms Of Population Regulation In Confined Colonies Of Peromyscus Maniculatus (Wagner) And The Response To Exploitation, Donna Corn Olsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wild-trapped and laboratory-reared Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner) were raised as confined colonies indoors with various stocking densities ranging from 0.026 to 0.100 mice per sq. ft. in pens of 40, 77, and 154 sq. ft. The animals were individually tagged and all pens were censused at weekly or semi-monthly intervals to record animals present, body weights, food consumption, and overt reproductive condition. At the termination of each experiment, all mice were necropsied and organ weights of gonads and adrenals recorded. Histological sections were made of the testes and ovaries. Half the colonies were subjected to density-independent exploitation by removal of 50% …

The Relationship Of Climatic Factors To Grazing Activities Of Cows On Winter And Spring Ranges, Benton M. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of climatic variations upon the daily activities of grazing cattle. The activities of individual cows on a partially seeded salt desert shrub range were observed and recorded during three grazing periods. Two of the periods were during consecutive winters and the other during the spring. Climatic variations during the second winter period were quantified and compared to changes in the daily activity patterns of the cattle.

Distinctly different daily routines of cattle activities were evident for the winter and spring seasons. In the spring, the cattle grazed, traveled, and drank …

Internal Water Potential Of An Engelmann Spruce Stand In Relation To Soil And Atmospheric Factors, Richard L. Meyn

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The primary objective of this study was to determine the degree of correlation between internal water potential of Engelmann spruce trees and selected environmental factors. The secondary objective of the study was to determine the effect of summer precipitation, both in meadow and forested sites, on the soil drying cycle.

Four study plots (each roughly 154 square meters) under spruce cover and two study plots (100 square meters) in a small meadow were established. At each spruce plot, a thermocouple psychrometer was installed at one meter above the ground on the north side of three selected, mature Engelmann spruce trees. …

Autecological Life History Studies Of Two Geraniums, Geranium Richardsonii And Geranium Nervosum, Becky Lee Green

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two perennial species of wild geranium (Geranium nervosum Rydb. and G. richardsonii Fisch, and Trautv, [Geraniaceae]) which grow throughout the mountainous regions of western North America were studied to determine the factors influencing the life stage development and distribution of these plants. Attempts were also made to provide some information to assist in the taxonomy of this genus.

Geranium richardsonii is found in wet meadows and along streambanks throughout its distribution. Geranium nervosum frequents rocky hillsides and drier meadows throughout its range.

Seeds of G. nervosum had 65%, germination in the stratification pretreatment. Geranium richardsonii seeds required scarification to …

Habitat Selection By Large Wild Ungulates And Some Aspects Of The Energy Flow In A Sub-Tropical African Savanna Woodland Ecosystem, Stanley M. Hirst

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study of habitat selection by large wild ungulates was carried out on a 50 cm² area in the sub-tropical Lowveld region of eastern Transvaal province, South Africa. Estimations were made of herbaceous forage net productivity and ungulate secondary productivity on the same area.

Fourteen vegetation types, varying in composition and structure from open savanna to dense woodland, were delineated by association analysis. Structural and vegetational characteristics which were considered to influence ungulate distribution were measured within each vegetation type.

The study area supported resident populations of seven ungulate species during the wet season; drv season densities were higher …

Bromegrass Productivity In Relation To Precipitation, Shrub Canopy Cover And Soil Nitrogen Content, Lawrence G. Kline

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In seasons of above normal precipitation, populations of annual weedy species increase in great abundance in semi-arid desert plant communities. These increases in biomass tie up a considerable portion of the available nitrogen of such ecosystems and may depress subsequent annual grass germination.

A big sagebrush-annual bromegrass plant community was irrigated to simulate a spring growth period of abundant precipitation amenable to annual bromegras s productivity. Productivity and nitrogen content parameters were monitored throughout the spring and summer to evaluate the short and potential long term effects of this seasonal increase in "precipitation".

Irrigation increased annual bromegrass productivity almost 50 …

Field Measurements Of Photosynthesis And Leaf Growth Rates Of Three Alpine Plant Species, Douglas A. Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Leaf photosynthetic measurements using a portable ¹⁴Co₂ field system were carried out and correlative leaf relative growth rates, RGR, were determined at different leaf positions of three alpine plant species throughout the growing season. Initially there was a period of high leaf RGR associated with a period of increasing photosynthetic activity. Following this stage was a long period of no net change in length of the living leaf. During this period, photosynthetic activity generally increased to a maximum level and then decreased steadily. The final ontogenetic stage was a period of negative leaf RGR denoting leaf senescence which …

Trout Movements In A Small Mountain Stream, Thomas Mark Twedt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Five groups of 400 hatchery rainbow trout, (Salmo gairdneri), were stocked in a small, mountain stream at 3-week intervals from June to September, 1972. A fish trap captured any fish moving out of a 500 m study section.

Fish began moving at high levels during the first day of each stocking and continued at high rates for 5-8 days (Early Phase), after which movement decreased to low levels for 6-9 days (Late Phase). Early Phase fish moved primarily at night, possibly due to their disoriented state and high subjectivity to stream conditions. Fish moving during Late Phase did …

A Comparison Of Consumer's Surplus And Monopoly Revenue Estimates Of Recreational Value For Two Utah Waterfowl Marshes, C. Holden Brink

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Demand curves were estimated for waterfowl hunting and nonconsumptive recreational use from use rate and variable expenditure data collected at the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge and the Farmington Bay Waterfowl Management Area during fiscal 1969. Consumer's surplus and monopoly revenue estimates were then derived from the demand functions. Adjusted estimates of consumer's surplus for waterfowl hunting amounted to $7,260 per year at Bear River and $11,400 per year at Farmington Bay. For nonconsumptive recreation annual consumer's surplus was estimated to be $18,700 at Bear River and $3,760 at Farmington Bay. Monopoly revenue estimates were between one-half and one-fourth the …