Life Sciences Commons^™

Stabilization/Solidification Of Organic Containing Wastes Using Organophilic Clay And Coal Fly Ash, Edith Lagoutte

Theses

The relative merits of eight different coal fly ashes for use in the stabilization/Solidification of a waste containing both heavy metals and pentachlorophenol were investigated. Also studied, was the possible use of either untreated or treated (with hexade-cyl ammonium bromide) clay to enhance the stabilization of the organic. The sample composition was : 62% foundry baghouse dust (or 60% if 2% clay as added to the sample), 4.5% cement, 14% coal fly ash, 19.5% water. Pentachlorophenol was chosen as represen¬tative of the organic contamination. All tests were performed after curing the samples at 22°C, 98% Rh for 28 days. The …

Characterizing Fines To Predict Their Performance In A Sheet Of Paper, Rodney W. Tibboles

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Many studies have been performed with the purpose of determining the effects of fines on paper properties. However, many of these studies fail to develop characterizations of the fines themselves before relating the presence of these fines to sheet properties. This study first developed complete characterizations of fines and then related the properties of the fines to properties of paper containing these fines.

Bleached kraft, unbleached kraft, and TMP pulps from a southern pine were used in this project. Characterization of the fines included determination of physical features of the fines, size distribution, water retention value (WRV), drainability, and compressibility. …

An Ecological Description Of Three Black Bass Species In Two Northeastern Kentucky Muskellunge Streams, Albert F. Surmont Jr.

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Albert F. Surmont, Jr. on December 10, 1990.

Non-Chlorine Bleaching Of Soda-Anthraquinone Pulp, Kevin D. Miller

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

The objective of this project is to apply the soda-anthraquinone pulping process and non-chlorine bleaching sequences in the formation of a pulp with market brightness levels. The bleaching sequences applied in this project will be evaluated from pulp brightness and brightness reversion. The non-chlorine bleaching sequences evaluated include the ODEP, ODED, and OPEP.

An Analysis Of Chemithermomechanical Pulp (Ctmp) In The Production Of Rotogravure Paper, Christine L. Harrington

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

Current trends in the printing industry are shifting towards rotogravure printing processes. Today, rotogravure printing is responsible for 20% of the printing industry and is growing rapidly. The printing industry is moving towards rotogravure processes for high print quality for long run jobs.

The most commonly found examples of the rotogravure printing process are: "cheaper" catalogues, periodicals, tabloids, directories, newspaper inserts and the "Sunday supplement." Some of America's most popular magazines, for example, Reader's Digest, TV Guide, Better Homes and Gardens, Women's Day and many others are printed using rotogravure processes (1).

As the main supplier to the printing …

Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Of Ctmp To Optimize Brightness, Donald S. Kasik

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidizing bleaching agent that is utilized extensively in the pulp and paper industries to bleach cellulosic fibers to high brightness levels. The main advantage of hydrogen peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulps is the high yield. Peroxide used under mild alkaline conditions can significantly increase brightness 10-20 points by oxidizing lignin constituents without actual lignin degradation. Due to peroxides' inherent quality of lignin preservation, it is an excellent bleach for application to CTMP. This allows a high yield process like BCTMP to compete with kraft pulp in application to many grades of paper.

Peroxide is an expensive …

Pharmacokinetics And Effects On Blood Chemistry Of Cyclosporine In Human Infants And Kid Goats, Floyd A. Beierle

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Kid goats (newborn) have been used in transplantation protocols to study the techniques and problems of infant human cardiac transplantation. Immunosuppression has been by cyclosporine in both species. However, the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine (CSA) in both the kid goat and human infant were unknown. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics of CSA were investigated. A single dose study and a long term chronic administration study were undertaken in the goat. Six Nubian goats, ages 60-90 days, were given a single IV dose of CSA, 0.25 mg/kg, over a 10 minute period and 72 hr later an oral cyclosporine dose of 20 mg/kg. The …

Concentration Of Leukotrienes B4 And C4 In Human Periradicular Lesions, Elisabetta Cotti

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The 5-lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid such as leukotrienes (LT) B₄ and C₄, are potent mediators of inflammation. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the concentrations of LTB₄ and LTC₄ in human periradicular lesions. Specimens from asymptomatic and symptomatic patients were obtained and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Periradicular tissues from unerupted third molars as well as chronically inflamed gingival tissues were also obtained, frozen and were used as negative and positive controls respectively. The concentrations of LTB₄ and LTC₄ were determined by the reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography. Representative …

The Life History Of The Flame Chub, Hemitremia Flammea (Jordan And Gilbert), In Pond Creek, Loudon County, Tennessee, Marcia K. Sossamon

Masters Theses

Life history data were obtained from 243 preserved specimens of the flame chub, Hemitremia flammea, collected from June 1989 to June 1990 at Pond Creek in Loudon County, Tennessee. Flame chubs had a life expectancy of 1.5 years, and some individual reached 2 years. Length-weight relationships showed that as the length of the flame chubs increased, their weight did not increase as much as most other fish. During the spawning season, females averaged larger than males and outnumbered them. Flame chubs spawned between January and June, peaking in March. Fecundity generally increased as the total length of the female …

Distribution Of The Fishes Of The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Damien J. Simbeck

Masters Theses

Over 200 collections of fishes have been made within the boundaries of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, revealing a Park ichthyofauna of 74 native and 5 introduced fish species. Abrams Creek, containing the most diverse ichthyofauna in the park, currently contains only 35 of its historical 67 fish species. This loss of species resulted from intentional poisoning of eh creek to improve habitat for rainbow trout and impoundment of the lowest 2.6 miles by Chilhowee Reservoir.

Abrams Creek also contains a very unusual ichthyofauna in its upper portion. Several species found above its 25-foot waterfall have not been found …

A Temperature-Sensitive Mutant Of Escherichia Coli Affected In The Alpha Subunit Of Rna Polymerase, Majid Mehrpouyan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A temperature-sensitive mutant of Escherichia coli affected in the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase has been investigated. Gene mapping and complementation experiments placed the mutation to temperature-sensitivity within the alpha operon at 72 min on the bacterial chromosome. The rate of RNA synthesis in vivo and the accumulation of ribosomal RNA were significantly reduced in the mutant at 44$\sp\circ$C. The thermostability at 44$\sp\circ$C of the purified holoenzyme from mutant cells was about 20% of that of the normal enzyme. Assays with T7 DNA as a template showed that the fraction of active enzyme competent for transcription was reduced as a …

Development Of Financial Management Competencies For Entry-Level Dietitians: A Survey Of Dietetic Educators, Melinda Anderson

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to identify the financial management competencies needed by the entry-level dietitian and to determine how well current Plan IV/V Programs are preparing students in this area. The study determined the importance of financial management competencies to the effective performance of the entry-level dietitian's job as perceived by Plan IV/V, Approved Preprofessional Practice Program (AP4), and Dietetic Internship (DI) educators. To identify academic preparation related to these competencies, the study determined a) extent to which Plan IV/V programs were preparing students in these competencies as perceived by the directors, and b) perceptions which were held …

The Reproductive Biology, Winter Dormancy And Denning Physiology Of Black Bears In Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Stephen Anthony Pozzanghera

Masters Theses

Black bear reproduction, winter dormancy and denning physiology were studied during June 1984 to May 1986 in the northwest quadrant of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee. Information was obtained from 30 individual females captured 35 times. Additional information on mast indices, lactation and den utilization were summarized from within the study area for the period from 1978-1988.

Breakaway collar retention varied significantly between years (1984, N=10, X=394 days vs. 1985, N=5, X=196 days, P<0.05).

Maximum production potential indices calculated for white, red and all oaks for 1984 and 1985 were 8.74, 19.99, 15.52%, and 35.06, 37.73, 36.45%, respectively. Regression …

Fescue Toxicity In Sheep: I. Effects Of Acremonium Coenophailum On Total Splanchnic And Peripheral Flux Of Energy Metabolites And Their Regulatory Hormones In Sheep. Ii. Hepatic Mixed-Function Oxidase Activity Of Sheep Fed Fungus-Infested Fescue, Ergotamine Tartrate, Cimetidine And Metoclopramide, Kenneth Patrick Zanzalari

Doctoral Dissertations

Mature ewes were equipped with catheters in the portal, hepatic, mesenteric and femoral veins and femoral artery. Blood flows were measured by infusing a 1.5% solution of para-aminohippurate into the mesenteric vein at .764 ml/min. Net fluxes of metabolites were calculated by multiplying veno-arterial differences by tissue blood flows.

Study 1. Twenty experiments were conducted on five ewes to determine the effects of fungus-infested fescue hay on energy nutrients and regulatory hormone net fluxes. Ten experiments were conducted for each a fungus-free and fungus-infested fescue hay diet. Fungus-infested hay decreased arterial concentrations of acetoacetate and B­ hydroxybutyrate by 15 and …

Effect Of Using And Reusing Melt-Blown, Microwavable Materials To Heat Frozen Fish Filets: Objective And Sensory Perspectives, Patricia J. Cochrane

Masters Theses

Frozen fish filets were heated in the microwave oven on polyester and polypropylene melt-blown materials. Paper towels were used as the control. After heating, all filets were analyzed for fat and moisture retention. Materials were stored under refrigeration temperatures (18^oC) or freezing temperatures (0^oC) and reused. Polypropylene melt-blown materials used once absorbed significantly more fat than polyester melt-blown materials used once. Neither absorbed more fat than paper towels. Total cooking losses, evaporative losses, and moisture retention of fish filets were not significantly different among the melt-blown materials or paper towels. Reused melt-blown materials absorbed significantly more …

A Mathematical Model Of Forage-Based Post-Weaning Growth Of Beef Cattle, David Glenn Keltner

Doctoral Dissertations

Four three-year experiments were conducted using 1. 2 ha pastures to evaluate the productivity of various forage species combinations and the performance of stocker steers grazing them. Forage systems used were (1) Common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. var. dactylon) + 112 or 224 kg N/ [CB] ; (2) Common bermudagrass overseeded with high endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones & Gams) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), ladino clover (Trifolium repens L.) and Kobe lespedeza (Lespedeza striata (Thunb.) H & A) [CB + HF + LEG]; (3) HF + 67 kg N/ha [HF]; (4) HF + LEG; (5) Low endophyte …

A Comparison Of Circadian Rhythms In Day And Night Shift Workers, Mary Lee Blood

Dissertations and Theses

The present study examined whether and to what extent physiological rhythms of long-term night workers become adapted to their unconventionally scheduled hours of work and sleep and how the degree of adaptation would be reflected in ratings of sleep quality, mood, anxiety, energy and satisfaction.

Activation In Vitro Of Transfer Rna-Guanine Ribosyltransferase By Protein Kinase C, Panayota Eriotou

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to isolate and purify the enzymes, transfer RNA-guanine ribosyltrasferase and protein kinase C, and to determine whether the phosphorylating enzyme activates the insertion enzyme in vitro. Transfer RNA-guanine ribosyltransferase lost activity within several days after isolation and total, complete reactivation was accomplished in the presence of protein kinase C. This demonstrated that ribosyltransferase's instability is related to the degree of its phosphorylation. It is proposed that modification of tRNA is controlled by protein kinase C. Deactivation of the insertion enzyme leads to hypomodified tRNA which in turn is associated with neoplasia. Potential use …

The Effects Of Two Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Benzo[A]Pyrene And Naphthalene On Reproductive Success Embryological Development Larval Physiology And Mortality Of The Mud Crab Rhithropanopeus Harisii (Gould), Gregory V. White

OES Theses and Dissertations

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as naphthalene (Nap) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) are common in the water column and sediments of estuarine and coastal areas. The mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii was exposed to varying concentrations of Nap or B[a]P to determine the effects on reproductive success, embryological development, larval physiology and mortality. Nap and B[a]P decreased hatching success and prolonged embryological development. Both pollutants produced high abnormality frequencies for egg exposed larvae. Molt frequency and respiratory rates of larvae from non-exposed eggs were more chronically affected by these pollutants than were egg exposed larvae. The EC₅₀ concentrations were determined for …

Assessment Of Lipid Extraction From Human Bone On Subsequent Demineralization, Jaeeun Lee

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of various solvents m removal of lipids from human bone, and to determine the effects of lipid extraction on subsequent acid solubilization of the mineral components of bone. Specifically, the following processing steps were studied; 1) ground human bone was de fatted in various ethanol / water mixtures, and / or chloroform / methanol ( 2: 1, v:v ), 2) ground human bone which had lipids extracted ( in absolute ethanol ) and bone which had not had lipids extracted were demineralized using vanous concentrations of hydrochloric acid to assess …

Root Biomass And Production In Four Communities Within The Great Dismal Swamp, Susan West Powell

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

A biomass difference approach was used to measure biomass and production over eleven months in four different communities within the Great Dismal Swamp. On all sites, fine roots were the moat dynamic root component. Both biomass and production were highest on the mixed hardwood site, the least flooded site, and second highest on the cedar site, the site with the longest duration of saturation. The maple-gum and cypress sites had lower amounts of biomass and rates of production. Environmental parameters that influenced production included frequency and duration of flooding, density of the stand, and soil type.

A second method, an …

The Effects Of Moderate Exercise Training On Nutrient Intake In Mildly Obese Women, Leann Onasch

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The relationship between moderate exercise training (five 45 min sessions/week, brisk walking at 62+2% V0_2max for 15 weeks) and changes in nutrient intake was investigated in a group of 36 sedentary, mildly obese women, conducted using a two (exercise, EX and nonexercise, NEX groups) x three (baseline, six-, 15-week testing sessions) factorial design, with data analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. The pattern of change over time between groups for kilocalorie intake tended to be different between groups [F(2,68)=2.50,p=0.089] with the EX group experiencing a significant decrease versus baseline by 15 weeks. Significant group x time interactions were found for …

Biogeography And Species Density Distributions Of Tasmanian Mammals, Jerry E. Bevers

Dissertations and Theses

Separated from mainland Australia by the Bass Strait, Tasmania has acted as an island preserve maintaining large populations of many mammalian species presently uncommon, rare, or extinct on mainland Australia.

There are few studies of Tasmanian mammal distributions. Recent distributional maps, based on information from surveys and mammal specimens, allowed for an investigation of the species density distributions of the terrestrial mammals of Tasmania. Compilation of species' distributional information into species density distributions provides an overview as to which areas may provide the most significant habitat for the greatest number of species; what geographic variations may influence species distributions; and …

The Effect Of Feed Restriction, Exercise, And Aging On Lipogenesis In Rats, Parvin Darabian

Doctoral Dissertations

The effect of diet restriction, exercise and aging on body weight, epididymal and perirenal fat pad weights, liver and adipose lipogenesis and lipolysis in male Wistar rats were investigated. The study consisted of four experimental groups: ad libitum fed, sedentary (A) ; diet restricted by feeding on alternate days, sedentary (R) ; ad libitum-fed, exercised by swimming on alternate days (AE) ; diet restricted by feeding on alternate days, exercised by swimming on alternate days (RE) .

Diet restriction as well as exercise resulted in a significantly lower mature body weight, epididymal and perirenal fat pad weights than ad libitum …

Vitello-Lipid And Vitello-Protein Deposition In Environmentally Stressed And Non-Stressed Populations Of Morone Saxatilis (Striped Bass), David Van Grimes

Master's Theses

Summer somatic indices of three and four year old striped bass (Morone saxatilis) from Lake Anna (LA), Virginia, a cooling water reservoir, indicated prey ingestion was not sufficient to maintain growth during summer months when striped bass metabolism was elevated by thermal and hypoxic stress. Vitello-lipid and vitello-protein concentrations of stressed LA striped bass were compared to those of non-stressed striped bass from Smith Mountain Lake (SML) , Virginia, a hydroelectric reservoir. Seasonal comparisons of LA and SML striped bass vitello-lipid concentrations and vitello-protein concentrations showed no significant differences between sites (P [less than or equal to] 0.05). Vitello nutrients …

Kinematic Considerations Of Elite Alpine Slalom Ski Racers, David Andrew Goodwin

Masters Theses

This study described specific kinematic parameters associated with success on the international level in alpine slalom ski racing. Sixteen male athletes representing twelve countries comprised the subject pool. Subject selection was based on finish position in the men's special slalom at the 1989 World Alpine Ski Championships in Vail, Colorado. Cinematographical records were analyzed by a method known as direct linear transformation.

The findings of the study indicated that: (a) hip and knee joint angles of the turning leg must approximate 1.80 to 1.83 radians and 1.82 to 2.21 radians, respectively, for efficiency in this turn; (b) a decrease in …

Proto-Oncogene Regulation By Growth Factors In Bone Cells, Harold Lyndon Merriman

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Previous studies have shown that bone cells in culture produce a number of growth factors that are important in bone regulation. Chick and mouse primary calvarial cultures consist of a mixture of cell types that make it difficult to interpret the results from these model systems. In contrast, MC3T3-E1 cells are a clonal mouse osteoblast-like cell line. Since MC3T3-E1 cells consist of a single population of calvarial cells, they make an ideal system in which to study the autocrine effects of bone growth factors.

Based on this work, MC3T3-E1 cells are now known to produce IGF-I, TGF-beta and IGF-II in …

Electrophysiology, Cell Calcium, And Mechanisms Of Hepatocyte Volume Regulation, Walid E. Khalbuss

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The electrophysiologic technique (Reuss, L., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:6014, 1985) was modified to measure changes in steady-state hepatocyte volume during osmotic stress. Hepatocytes in mouse liver slices were loaded with tetramethylammonium ion (TMA$\sp{+}$) during transient exposure of cells to nystatin. Intracellular TMA$\sp{+}$ activity (a$\sp{\rm i}\sb{\rm TMA}$) was measured with TMA$\sp{+}$-sensitive, double-barreled microelectrodes. Loading hepatocytes with TMA$\sp{+}$ did not change their membrane potential (V$\sb{\rm m}$), and under steady-state conditions a$\sp{\rm i}\sb{\rm TMA}$ remained constant over 4 min in single impalements. Hyperosmotic solutions (50, 100, & 150 mM sucrose added to media) and hyposmotic solutions (sucrose in media reduced by …

Highway Deicing Salts And The Mobilization Of Selected Heavy Metals From Stream Sediments, Harlie David Cole

Dissertations

This study was undertaken to: (a) determine the effect of sodium chloride concentration on mobilizing cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc from stream sediments; (b) determine if chloro-metal complexes may play a role in any such mobilization; and (c) determine the correlations between chloride ion and each of these metals in an urban stream during winter road-salting periods.

The drainage basin of the Red Run, an urban stream draining all or parts of several cities north of Detroit, Michigan, was chosen as a study site. Stream sediments containing the five heavy metals were stirred with sodium chloride or sodium nitrate …

K-Casein And Its Interaction In Human Milk Micelles, Barbara C. Dev

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Human milk K-casein was isolated from the acid-precipitated casein fraction on Sephadex G-200 and Mono Q HPLC. Samples of K-casein purified from different donors were found similar in both amino acid and carbohydrate composition. A molar extinction coefficient of 11.2 was determined on the basis of amino acid analysis with a norleucine internal standard. Tracer K-casein for human micelle studies was ³H-labeled in the sialic acid moiety of its carbohydrate. The human micelle system was investigated in its native form at 37°C. Micelle reformation by re-equilibration in skimmed milk at 4°C (overnight) followed by 3 h at 37°C was …