Life Sciences Commons^™

Avian Use Of Chinese Tallow Seeds In Coastal Texas (Abstract), Warren C. Conway

Faculty Publications

The Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum) (Euphorbiaceae) was introduced into coastal Texas in the late 1800s and forms monotypic woodlands once naturalized. However, few studies have examined avian use of tallow seeds during fall migration in coastal Texas. We documented use of Chinese tallow seeds and compared foraging frequency on Chinese tallow seeds among permanent, summer, and winter residents and migrants. We also tested the hypothesis that Chinese tallow seed germination was enhanced by foraging activities of yellow-rumped warblers (Dendroica coronata), the most common species observed foraging on tallow seeds. During fall migration 1995 and 1996, …

Using Gis For Forest Recreation Planning On The Longleaf Ridge Special Area Of The Angelina National Forest, East Texas, I-Kuai Hung

Faculty Publications

Longleaf Ridge Special Area (LRSA) located in the Angelina National Forest is the westernmost example of a longleaf pine savanna community. Ecologically, the area is one of the most diverse communities in Texas. Due to its size, abundant natural and historical resources, numerous outdoor recreation opportunities exist. In this study, GIS was used to develop a forest recreation concept plan on LRSA. Most of the geospatial data came from public entities. Information for demand analysis on forest recreation was obtained from the 2000 National Survey on Recreation and the Environment database. U.S. Forest Service recreation fee envelope data were analyzed …

Red-Cockaded Woodpecker, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Ralph Costa

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Prescribed Burning On Vegetation And Fuel Loading In Three East Texas State Parks, S. Rideout, Brian P. Oswald

Faculty Publications

-This study was conducted to evaluate the initial effectiveness of prescribed burning in the ecological restoration of forests within selected parks in east Texas. Twenty-four permanent plots were installed to monitor fuel loads, overstory, sapling, seedling, shrub and herbaceous layers within bum and control units of Mission Tejas, Tyler and Village Creek state parks. Measurements were taken during the summers of 1999 and 2000. Prescribed burning was conducted between these sampling periods in early spring 2ooo. Results indicated that the current applications of prescribed burning do not significantly influence vegetation or fuels. Sustained drought, prior management practices and imposed local …

Introduction To Forestry Investment Analysis: Part Ii. Taxes, Inflation, And Other Issues, Thomas J. Straka, Steven H. Bullard, Mark R. Dubois

Faculty Publications

Part I of this article covered the basics of compounding and discounting. You were introduced to forestry investment analysis. However, several complications were not discussed. What about inflation, taxes, and risk? Part II addresses basic complications. It also includes more detailed forestry investment analyses.

A Survival Model For Unthinned Loblolly Pine Plantations That Incorporates Non-Planted Tree Competition, Site Quality, And Incidence Of Fusiform Rust, Y. J. Lee, Dean W. Coble

Articles

Future biomass yields are functionally related to the number of trees surviving at a given age. A stand level survival model was developed that incorporates competition of non-planted trees, site quality, and the incidence of fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme). The model consists of a system of two equations, one of which represents the number of surviving trees infected by fusiform rust while the other represents the number of trees not infected by fusiform rust. Data from unthinned loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations in East Texas were used to fit and evaluate the …

A System For Increasing The Production Of Indole And Quinolone Alkaloids (China Patent 162720), Shiyou Li

NCPC Publications and Patents

No abstract provided.

Forest Clearcutting And Site-Preparation On A Saline Soil In East Texas: Impacts On Water Quality, Matthew W. Mcbroom, Mingteh Chang, Alexander K. Sayok

Faculty Publications

Three 0.02 hectare plot-watersheds were installed on a saline soil in the Davy Crockett National Forest near Apple Springs, Texas. Each plot was installed with an H-flume, FW-1 automatic water level recorder, Coshocton N-1 runoff sampler, and two storage tanks. One watershed was undisturbed forested and served a control, one was clearcut without any site-preparation, and the third was clearcut, V-blade sheared, windrowed, and vegetation regrowth was prevented for the first 2 years. A total of 274 storms were recorded during the four-year study period, 1989-1992. Average annual sediment losses for the study period were 55, 197, and 1,530 kilograms …

First-Year Survival And Growth Of Bareroot And Container Water Oak And Willow Oak Seedlings Grown At Different Levels Of Mineral Nutrition, Hans Michael Williams, Matthew Stroupe

Faculty Publications

Bareroot and container water oak (Quercus nigra) and willow oak (Quercus phellos) seedlings were treated with 3 different levels of nitrogen (N) mineral fertilizer applied during the growing season in the nursery. Comparisons were made between species, N treatments, and stock-types for seedling morphology, first-year survival and height growth, and seedling water relations. Water oak seedlings were shorter, heavier, and more first-order lateral roots than the willow oak seedlings. The N fertilizer treatments did not have a statistically significant effect on seedling morphology. Bareroot seedlings were taller, had greater root-collar diameters, and were heavier than the container seedlings. The seedlings …

Weed Control And Seedling Performance Using Oust, Velpar, And Velpar+Oust Impregnated Diammonium Phosphate, Jimmie L. Yeiser

Faculty Publications

Technology that combines herbicide and fertilizer into one treatment thereby reducing application costs while enhancing growth is needed. Four clean and well-prepared sites in TX, MS, and AL were tested. Study objectives were to evaluate the effectiveness of diammonium phosphate (DAP) impregnated with Oust, Velpar, or Velpar+Oust for herbaceous weed control and newly planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling growth. In 1999, treatments were applied early post weed-emergence to 60percent bare ground in East TX. Impregnated DAP provided about 38percent less competitor control than separate liquid and fertilizer applications at similar rates. Best seedling survival and growth resulted from …

Growth Response From Herbicide, Prescribed Fire And Fertilizer Treatments In Midrotational Loblolly Pine: First-Year Results, Mary Michelle Barnett, Sandra Rideout, Brian P. Oswald, Kenneth W. Farrish, Hans Michael Williams

Faculty Publications

This study was initiated to determine growth response resulting from the application of prescribed fire and herbicide, with and without fertilizatio.n. In. southeast Texas, herbicide, prescribed fire and fertilizer treatments were applied in m1d:rotat1onal loblolly pine plantations 1.5 years after thinning. Five replications were established at. each of two study sites located on similar soils, aspects and slopes. Half of each replication. was randomly selected and fertilized. Eight treatment plots were established 1n e~ch replication with one of each of the four treatments of control, herbicide, fire, and herb1c1de/flre randomly applied to fertilized plots and one of each of the …

Potential Allelopathic Interference By The Exotic Chinese Tallow Tree (Sapium Sebiferum) (Abstract), Warren C. Conway

Faculty Publications

The Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum) was introduced into the southeastern

United States in late 1800s and has rapidly naturalized throughout the region’s coastal ecosystems. Because tallow forms monotypic woodlands, we hypothesized that allelopathic interference is a mechanism by which tallow maintains and expands its presence. Laboratory experiments were performed using black willow (Salix nigra), baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) and tallow, as test species, to examine the hypothesis that aqueous tallow extracts inhibit seed germination and seedling root growth, shoot growth and mass. Extracts were prepared from tallow litter, woodland soil from under tallow trees …

A Survival Model For Unthinned Loblolly Pine Plantations That Incorporates Non-Planted Tree Competition, Site Quality, And Incidence Of Fusiform Rust, Dean W. Coble, Young-Jin Lee

Faculty Publications

Future biomass yields are functionally related to the number of trees surviving at a given age. A stand level survival model was developed that incorporates competition of non-planted trees, site quality, and the incidence of fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme). The model consists of a system of two equations, one of which represents the number of surviving trees infected by fusiform rust while the other represents the number of trees not infected by fusiform rust. Data from unthinned loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations in East Texas were used to fit …

Fuel Loading Prediction Models Developed From Aerial Photographs Of The Sangre De Cristo And Jemez Mountains Of New Mexico, Usa, Kelly Scott, Brian P. Oswald, Kenneth W. Farrish, Daniel Unger

Faculty Publications

Fuel load prediction equations that made use of aerial photographs were developed for Mixed Conifer, Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) and Pinyon-Juniper (Pinus edulis Engelm.)-(Juniperusmonosperma Engelm.) cover types from one-time measurements made in the Santa Fe watershed (SFWS) located in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of northern New Mexico, and at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) located in the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico. The results of the watershed data set were favorable and exhibited a high degree of relative accuracy. The results from the LANL data set did not share the same degree of accuracy, …

The Stephen F. Austin Experimental Forest, Cary C. Russell, Ronald E. Thill, David Kulhavy

Faculty Publications

On December 14, 1944, the Seventy-Eighth United States Congress passed a bill that authorized the transfer of 2,560 acres in Nacogdoches County, Texas, to the research branch of the United States Forest Service (USFS). This land became the Stephen F. Austin Experimental Forest (SFAEF) on September 19. 1945. One of eighty-one federal experimental forests and ranges nationally, it is the only one of its kind in Texas. Located seven miles west of Nacogdoches, three quarters of the Forest consists of bottomland hardwood forests along the Angelina River and the remainder of mixed pine and hardwood uplands.

Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Foraging Behavior In Relation To Midstory Vegetation, D. Craig Rudolph, Richard N. Conner, Richard R. Schaefer

Faculty Publications

Red-cockaded Woodpeckers (Picoides borealis) nest and forage in pine-dominated forests. Research indicates that substantial hardwood midstory encroachment is detrimental to Red-cockaded Woodpecker populations, although the exact mechanisms are unknown. We examined foraging behavior in relation to midstory between August 1989 and February 1990. Red-cockaded Woodpeckers foraged at greater heights in areas of taller and denser midstory in the loblolly-shortleaf pine (Pinus taeda and P. echinata, respectively) habitat, but not in longleaf pine (P. palustris) habitat with less-developed midstory vegetation than typical of loblolly-shortleaf pine habitat. In addition, Red-cockaded Woodpeckers concentrated foraging activities in or adjacent to forest stands or openings …

Effects Of Midrotation Intensive Silviculture On Forest Soils In East Texas: First-Year Results, S. A. Wilson, K. W. Farrish, B. P. Oswald, H. M. Williams, J. L. Yeiser

Faculty Publications

Intensive forest management is becoming increasingly common in east Texas. Included in intensive management are such practices as mid-rotation fertilization, prescribed fire, and herbicide application. There is insufficient information about the effects of these treatments on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties when applied at mid-rotation. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the effects of these treatments on soil physical properties including organic matter content and bulk density; chemical properties including soil nitrogen and phosphorus; and on populations of resident earthworms. Five replications were installed in each of two loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations aged 15 …

Preliminary Results: Effects Of Fertilization, Herbicide Application, And Prescribed Burning On Understory Regeneration On Pine Plantations In East Texas, Betsy Ott, Brian Oswald, Hans Williams, Kenneth Farrish

Faculty Publications

Biodiversity and species rareness are increasingly the focal points for assessment of habitat quality. Managed pine plantations are often viewed as monocultures with little of value beyond their timber crop. The purpose of this study is to assess vegetative biodiversity in the understory of two pine plantations in which different vegetative control mechanisms are being evaluated. Controlled burn, herbicide treatment, and a combination of both are being compared on fertilized and unfertilized plots on two loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations in east Texas. This study will compare species diversity and frequency on untreated and treated plots. One-square meter …

Growth Reponse Of Loblolly Pine To Intermediate Treatment Of Fire, Herbicide, And Fertilizer: Preliminary Results, L. M. Marino, B. P. Oswald, K. W. Farrish, H. M. Williams, Daniel R. Unger

Faculty Publications

Crown area is an important factor in determining stem development. This study examined the changes in stem diameter per unit area of crown due to treatment with fire, herbicide, fertilizer, and tree-thinning practice. The experimental sites were mid-rotation loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations that were thinned one year before treatment. Site 1 was strictly row-thinned and Site 2 was thinned by and within each row. Five replicates were installed on each site. Each replicate consisted of 8 subplots (0.1 ha) containing a central 0.04 ha measurement plot. A randomized-block split-plot design was used at each site, with fertilizer …

Movement Patterns Of Resident And Relocated Northern Bobwhites In East Texas, Xiangwen Liu, R. Montague Whiting Jr., D. Scott Parsons, Donald R. Dietz

Faculty Publications

We compared home range sizes and movement patterns of resident and relocated northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) on an area managed specifically for the species in the Pineywoods of east Texas. During the winters of 1990–1992, 155 south Texas, 136 east Texas, and 139 resident bobwhites were radiomarked, released, and thereafter regularly located. Bird locations were plotted on a digitized map, and home range sizes and movement patterns of each group of birds were estimated. Resident bobwhites moved longer daily distances in March and had larger home ranges during the nesting season (May-Jul) than relocated birds (P0.05). Managers that elect to …

Innovate Or Evaporate . . . Business Concept Innovation In The Furniture Industry In The Age Of Information, Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

Introduction The U.S. furniture industry has changed dramatically in recent years. Furniture manufacturers, for example, have recently faced competition from foreign producers that has been particularly intense – resulting in factory closings and job losses in many areas of the country, including the Mid-South. In Mississippi, for example, the number of employees in furniture and fixtures industries dropped by 2,100 (6.8%) in the year 2000 (Center for Policy Research and Planning 2001). Similar job losses have been occurring in Tennessee, Virginia, North Carolina and other important furniture-producing states. Nationwide, employment in furniture and fixtures manufacturing dropped by 40,000 (7.2%) from …

Forval: Computer Software Package For Forestry Investment Analysis, T. J. Straka, Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Financial Maturity Concepts With Application To Three Hardwood Timber Stands, Steven H. Bullard, D. L. Grebner, K. L. Belli

Faculty Publications

Timber is “financially mature” when its rate of value increase falls below what the landowner can earn in alternative investments that are comparable in duration, risk, liquidity, and other factors. The basic concept of financial maturity is simple, but in application it involves several very important, basic questions and issues.

Furniture Manufacturing And Marketing: Eight Strategic Issues For The 21st Century, Steven H. Bullard, C. D. West

Faculty Publications

“Take change by the hand, or it will take you by the throat.” Attributed to Winston Churchill, this brief sentence emphasizes the need to understand and embrace change in general. What important “changes” will impact furniture production and marketing in the 21st century? And what can furniture manufacturers and marketers do to “take change by the hand” today and in the future?

Discount Rates For Nonindustrial Private Forest Landowners In Mississippi: How High A Hurdle?, Steven H. Bullard, Max L. Doolittle, Kathryn G. Arano

Faculty Publications

Mississippi forest landowners were surveyed to determine average discount rates or “hurdle rates”—the lowest rates of return they consider acceptable—for 3 nonforestry investments, and for 5, 15, and 25 yr forestry investments. The survey included 829 individuals who owned at least 20 ac of uncultivated land and had harvested timber during a recent 5 yr period; survey results are therefore oriented toward commercially active forest landowners. On average, the private nonindustrial forest landowners included in the survey expect timberland investments to earn higher rates of compound interest than relatively low-risk bank savings accounts and certificates of deposit. Relatively short-term (5 …

Engineered Wood Products And Their Potential Impacts On Forest Landowners In The South, Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

Change is inevitable, except from a vending machine. This "bumper sticker" saying relates well to recent developments in forest products and their potential impact on forest landowners in the South. Change is inevitable - and very important changes are occurring today in how the trees we grow are processed and used in the U.S. and around the world. These changes have the potential for very dramatic changes in timber markets in the U.S. South, where there are millions of acres of commercial forestland. Changes in timber markets, of course, affect landowners' profits from timber growing, and they may therefore impact …

Engineered Wood Products May Dramatically Impact Timber Markets In The Southern U.S., Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

"Change is inevitable, except from a vending machine." This bumper sticker saying relates well to recent developments in fo rest products and their potential impact on forest landowners in the South.

Change is inevitable-and very important changes are occurring today in how the trees-we grow are processed and used in the US and around the world. These changes have the potential for very dramatic changes in timber markets in the US South, where there are millions of acres of commercial forestland. Changes in timber markets, of course, affect landowners' profits from timber growing, and they may therefore impact our objectives …

An Automated Technique For Monitoring Nocturnal Avian Vocalizations., Brent Burt, James B. Johnson, Daniel Saenz, Richard N. Conner

Faculty Publications

Using audio recording dataloggers, we collected nocturnal bird vocalizations at different sites within the Davy Crockett National Forest and the Stephen F. Austin Experimental Forest. We detected vocalizations of a variety of nocturnal and diurnal species. This technology is useful for its application to avifauna.

Prey Handling And Diet Of Louisiana Pine Snakes (Pituophis Ruthveni) And Black Pine Snakes (P. Melanoleucus Lodingi), With Comparisons To Other Selected Colubrid Snakes, D. Craig Rudolph, Shirley J. Burgdorf, Richard N. Conner, Christopher S. Collins, Daniel Saenz, Richard R. Schaefer, Toni Trees, C. Michael Duran, Marc Ealy, John G. Himes

Faculty Publications

Diet and prey handling behavior were determined for Louisiana pine snakes (Pituophis ruthveni) and black pine snakes (P. melanoleucus lodingi). Louisiana pine snakes prey heavily on Baird's pocket gophers (Geomys breviceps), with which they are sympatric, and exhibit specialized behaviors that facilitate handling this prey species within the confines of burrow systems. Black pine snakes, which are not sympatric with pocket gophers, did not exhibit these specialized behaviors. For comparative purposes, prey handling of P. sayi sayi and Elaphe obsoleta lindheimeri was also examined.

Are Pileated Woodpeckers Attracted To Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Cavity Trees?, Richard N. Conner, Daniel Saenz, James R. Mccormick

Faculty Publications

Pileated Woodpeckers (Dryocopus pileatus) cause damage to Red-cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis) cavity trees in the form of cavity enlargement or other excavations on the surface of the pine tree. However, it is not known whether Pileated Woodpeckers excavate more frequently on Red-cockaded Woodpecker cavity trees than on noncavity trees or how stand structure is related to the frequency of Pileated Woodpecker excavation. Also, it is unclear whether the cavity itself provides the stimulus to Pileated Woodpeckers to excavate or whether the presence of Red-cockaded Woodpeckers and their activities are attracting them. We surveyed all of the …