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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Identification Of Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Traits Related To Energy Balance In Selection And Inbred Lines Of Mice, D. E. Moody, Daniel Pomp, Merlyn K. Nielsen, L. Dale Van Vleck
Identification Of Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Traits Related To Energy Balance In Selection And Inbred Lines Of Mice, D. E. Moody, Daniel Pomp, Merlyn K. Nielsen, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Energy balance is a complex trait with relevance to the study of human obesity and maintenance energy requirements of livestock. The objective of this study was to identify, using unique mouse models, quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing traits that contribute to variation in energy balance. Two F2 resource populations were created from lines of mice differing in heat loss measured by direct calorimetry as an indicator of energy expenditure. The HB F2 resource population originated from a cross between a noninbred line selected for high heat loss and an inbred line with low heat loss. Evidence for significant …
Comparison Of Models To Estimate Genetic Effects For Weaning Weight Of Angus Cattle, J. Dodenhoff, L. Dale Van Vleck, D. E. Wilson
Comparison Of Models To Estimate Genetic Effects For Weaning Weight Of Angus Cattle, J. Dodenhoff, L. Dale Van Vleck, D. E. Wilson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Weaning weights from nine sets of Angus field data from three regions of the United States were analyzed. Six animal models were used to compare two approaches to account for an environmental dam-offspring covariance and to investigate the effects of sire × herd-year interaction on the genetic parameters. Model 1 included random direct and maternal genetic, maternal permanent environmental, and residual effects. Age at weaning was a covariate. Other fixed effects were age of dam and a herd-year-management-sex combination. Possible influence of a dam’s phenotype on her daughter’s maternal ability was modeled by including a regression on maternal phenotype (f …
Expression And Action Of Transforming Growth Factor Beta (Tgfβ1, Tgfβ2, And Tgfβ3) During Embryonic Rat Testis Development, Andrea S. Cupp, Grace Kim, Michael K. Skinner
Expression And Action Of Transforming Growth Factor Beta (Tgfβ1, Tgfβ2, And Tgfβ3) During Embryonic Rat Testis Development, Andrea S. Cupp, Grace Kim, Michael K. Skinner
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The objective of the current study was to determine the role of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) during seminiferous cord formation and embryonic testis development. The expression pattern of mRNA for TGFβ isoforms was evaluated during testis development through a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) procedure. Expression of mRNA for TGFβ1 was highest at postnatal day 0 (P0) and P10. In contrast, TGFβ2 was high at embryonic day 15 (E15), declined at E16, and showed a transient increase at P0 through P3 of testis development. Interestingly, expression of mRNA for TGFβ3 was high during embryonic development and then …
Variance Components And Breeding Values For Growth Traits From Different Statistical Models, G. B. Ferreira, M. D. Macneil, L. Dale Van Vleck
Variance Components And Breeding Values For Growth Traits From Different Statistical Models, G. B. Ferreira, M. D. Macneil, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Estimates of genetic parameters resulting from various analytical models for birth weight (BWT, n = 4,155), 205-d weight (WWT, n = 3,884), and 365-d weight (YWT, n = 3,476) were compared. Data consisted of records for Line 1 Hereford cattle selected for postweaning growth from 1934 to 1989 at ARSUSDA, Miles City, MT. Twelve models were compared. Model 1 included fixed effects of year, sex, age of dam; covariates for birth day and inbreeding coefficients of animal and of dam; and random animal genetic and residual effects. Model 2 was the same as Model 1 but ignored inbreeding coefficients. Model …
Action Of Retinoids On Embryonic And Early Postnatal Testis Development, Andrea S. Cupp, Jannette M. Dufour, Grace Kim, Michael K. Skinner, Kwan Hee Kim
Action Of Retinoids On Embryonic And Early Postnatal Testis Development, Andrea S. Cupp, Jannette M. Dufour, Grace Kim, Michael K. Skinner, Kwan Hee Kim
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The current study investigates the hypothesis that retinoids have a role in embryonic testis development. The action of retinoids on testis development and the expression of retinoic acid receptors (RARα, RARβ, RARγ) were examined. In embryonic day 13 (E13; plug date 5 E0) testis organ cultures an RAR-selective agonist and alltrans retinoic acid completely inhibited seminiferous cord formation. In contrast, an RARα-selective antagonist had no effect. RT-PCR demonstrated that RARα messenger RNA (mRNA) was expressed at all developmental time points evaluated, which included embryonic day 14 (E14) through postnatal day 30 (P30). Expression of RARβ mRNA was present at E15 …
Implications Of Cloning For Breed Improvement Strategies: Are Traditional Methods Of Animal Improvement Obsolete?, L. Dale Van Vleck
Implications Of Cloning For Breed Improvement Strategies: Are Traditional Methods Of Animal Improvement Obsolete?, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Can the optimum animal be defined? Will that definition change over time, by location, by market demand? First, assume what may be impossible, that the perfect animal can be defined or that only a limited number of definitions of “perfect” are needed. Then, can the “perfect” animal to match a definition be found? Suppose such an animal is found. Then the question to be answered before trying to clone as a method of genetic improvement becomes “Is the animal perfect because of phenotype or genotype?” In other words, the P = G + E problem exists, which requires traditional methods …
Genotypic Expression With Different Ages Of Dams: Iii. Weight Traits Of Sheep, H. Okut, C. M. Bromley, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. D. Snowder
Genotypic Expression With Different Ages Of Dams: Iii. Weight Traits Of Sheep, H. Okut, C. M. Bromley, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. D. Snowder
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Correlations between genetic expression in lambs when dams were young (1 yr), middle-aged (2 and 3 yr), or older (older than 3 yr) were estimated with three-trait analyses for weight traits. Weights at birth ( BWT) and weaning ( WWT) and ADG from birth to weaning were used. Numbers of observations were 7,731, 9,518, 9,512, and 9,201 for Columbia ( COLU) , Polypay ( POLY) , Rambouillet ( RAMB) , and Targhee ( TARG) breeds of sheep, respectively. When averaged, relative estimates for WWT and ADG were similar across breeds. Estimates were variable across breeds. On average, direct heritability was …
Genotypic Expression At Different Ages: Ii. Wool Traits Of Sheep, H. Okut, C. M. Bromley, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. D. Snowder
Genotypic Expression At Different Ages: Ii. Wool Traits Of Sheep, H. Okut, C. M. Bromley, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. D. Snowder
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Genetic parameters for wool traits for Columbia, Polypay, Rambouillet, and Targhee breeds of sheep were estimated with single- and multiple-trait analyses using REML with animal models. Traits considered were fleece grade, fleece weight, and staple length. Total number of observations ranged from 11,673 to 34,746 for fleece grade and fleece weight and from 3,500 to 11,641 for staple length for the four breeds. For single-trait analyses, data were divided by age of ewe: young ages (age of 1 yr), middle ages (ages of 2 and 3 yr), and older ages (age greater than 3 yr). Heritability estimates averaged over breeds …
Genotypic Expression At Different Ages: I. Prolificacy Traits Of Sheep, H. Okut, C. M. Bromley, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. D. Snowder
Genotypic Expression At Different Ages: I. Prolificacy Traits Of Sheep, H. Okut, C. M. Bromley, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. D. Snowder
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Genetic parameters for prolificacy traits for Columbia (COLU), Polypay (POLY), Rambouillet (RAMB), and Targhee (TARG) breeds of sheep were estimated with REML using animal models. Traits were number of live births (LAB), litter size at birth (LSB) and weaning (LSW), and litter weight weaned (LWW). Numbers of observations ranged from 5,140 to 7,095 for prolificacy traits and from 5,101 to 8,973 for litter weight weaned for the four breeds. For single-trait analyses, ewes were classified as young (1 yr old), middle-aged (2 and 3 yr old), or older (> 3 yr old). After single-trait analyses, three-trait analyses were done for …
Variance Caused By Cytoplasmic Line And Sire By Herd Interaction Effects For Milk Yield Considering Estimation Bias, P. R. N. Rorato, Jeffrey F. Keown, L. Dale Van Vleck
Variance Caused By Cytoplasmic Line And Sire By Herd Interaction Effects For Milk Yield Considering Estimation Bias, P. R. N. Rorato, Jeffrey F. Keown, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A total of 138,869 lactation milk yields (305 d, milked twice daily, mature equivalent) from the first three parities of 68,063 New York Holstein cows were used to estimate variance components that were due to additive direct genetic effects, cow permanent environmental effects (cow within sire for sire model), sire by herd interaction effects, and cytoplasmic line effects. The original data were assigned to 10 random samples, which were each analyzed using an animal model and a sire model. From each sample of original data, 20 other samples were analyzed with levels assigned randomly to cytoplasmic and interaction effects (data …
Responses In Ovulation Rate, Embryonal Survival, And Litter Traits In Swine To 14 Generations Of Selection To Increase Litter Size, Rodger K. Johnson, Merlyn K. Nielsen, David S. Casey
Responses In Ovulation Rate, Embryonal Survival, And Litter Traits In Swine To 14 Generations Of Selection To Increase Litter Size, Rodger K. Johnson, Merlyn K. Nielsen, David S. Casey
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Eleven generations of selection for increased index of ovulation rate and embryonal survival rate, followed by three generations of selection for litter size, were practiced. Laparotomy was used to count corpora lutea and fetuses at 50 d of gestation. High-indexing gilts, approximately 30%, were farrowed. Sons of dams in the upper 10% of the distribution were selected. Selection from Generations 12 to 14 was for increased number of fully formed pigs; replacements were from the largest 25% of the litters. A randomly selected control line was maintained. Responses at Generation 11 were approximately 7.4 ova and 3.8 fetuses at 50 …
Genetic Parameters For Growth Traits For A Composite Terminal Sire Breed Of Sheep, E. Mousa, L. Dale Van Vleck, K. E. Leymaster
Genetic Parameters For Growth Traits For A Composite Terminal Sire Breed Of Sheep, E. Mousa, L. Dale Van Vleck, K. E. Leymaster
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Records of 9,055 lambs from a composite population originating from crossing Columbia rams to Hampshire ´ Suffolk ewes at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center were used to estimate genetic parameters among growth traits. Traits analyzed were weights at birth (BWT), weaning (7 wk, WWT), 19 mo (W19), and 31 mo (W31) and postweaning ADG from 9 to 18 or 19 wk of age. The ADG was also divided into daily gain of males (DGM) and daily gain of females (DGF). These two traits were analyzed with W19 and with W31 in three-trait analyses. (Co)variance components were estimated with REML …
Estimation Of Direct, Maternal, And Grandmaternal Genetic Effects For Weaning Weight In Several Breeds Of Beef Cattle, J. Dodenhoff, L. Dale Van Vleck, K. E. Gregory
Estimation Of Direct, Maternal, And Grandmaternal Genetic Effects For Weaning Weight In Several Breeds Of Beef Cattle, J. Dodenhoff, L. Dale Van Vleck, K. E. Gregory
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Weaning weights from nine parental breeds and three composites were analyzed to estimate variance due to grandmaternal genetic effects and to compare estimates for variance due to maternal genetic effects from two different models. Number of observations ranged from 794 to 3,465 per population. Number of animals in the pedigree file ranged from 1,244 to 4,326 per population. Two single-trait animal models were used to obtain estimates of covariance components by REML using an average information method. Model 1 included random direct and maternal genetic, permanent maternal environmental, and residual environmental effects as well as fixed sex ´ year and …
Estimates Of Direct, Maternal And Grandmaternal Genetic Effects For Growth Traits In Gobra Cattle, M. Diop, J. Dodenhoff, L. Dale Van Vleck
Estimates Of Direct, Maternal And Grandmaternal Genetic Effects For Growth Traits In Gobra Cattle, M. Diop, J. Dodenhoff, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Estimates of genetic parameters for birth (N = 3909), weaning (N = 3425), yearling (N = 2764) and final (N = 2144) weights were obtained from the records of Gobra cattle collected at the Centre de Recherches Zootechniques de Dahra, Senegal. Three animal models were fitted to obtain estimates by REML using an average information (AI) approach. Model 1 considered random direct, maternal genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects. In model 2, a general grandmaternal effect was added to the random effects considered in model 1, and in model 3, the general grandmaternal effect was divided into grandmaternal genetic and …
Effect Of Dietary Phosphorus On Finishing Steer Performance, Bone Status, And Carcass Maturity, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, C. T. Milton, D. Hanson, Chris Calkins
Effect Of Dietary Phosphorus On Finishing Steer Performance, Bone Status, And Carcass Maturity, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, C. T. Milton, D. Hanson, Chris Calkins
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Yearling crossbred steers (n = 60; 386 kg) were individually fed in a completely randomized experimental design to determine their P requirement. Treatments were in a factorial arrangement with two levels of Ca (.35 or .70% of DM) and five concentrations of P (.14, .19, .24, .29, or .34% of DM). The finishing diet consisted of 34.5% dry-rolled corn, 22.5% brewers grits, 22.5% corn bran, 7.5% ground corncobs, 5% molasses, 3% fat, and 5% supplement. Supplemental P was provided as monosodium phosphate and Ca as limestone. Ash content was determined on the first phalanx bone from the lower front legs …
Evaluation Of Nitrogen And Organic Matter Balance In The Feedlot As Affected By Level And Source Of Dietary Fiber, S. Bierman, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, Rick A. Stock, D. H. Shain
Evaluation Of Nitrogen And Organic Matter Balance In The Feedlot As Affected By Level And Source Of Dietary Fiber, S. Bierman, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, Rick A. Stock, D. H. Shain
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A trial was conducted to determine the effect of level and source of dietary fiber on N and OM excretion by cattle on finishing diets. One hundred twenty steers were stratified by weight and allotted to one of the following treatments: 7.5% roughage (7.5% R), wet corn gluten feed (WCGF; 41.5% of dietary DM), and all-concentrate (All Con) diet. Cattle were fed for 87 d during the summer with 23.7 m2 of pen area per animal. Steers fed the WCGF diet had heavier final weights, greater DMI, and higher ADG ( P < .01) than the 7.5% R and All Con treatments. Steers fed All Con had lower ( P < .01) DMI than the other two treatments. Nitrogen and OM mass balances in the feedlot were quantified. Main components were nutrient input, retention, and excretion. Nitrogen and OM intake of steers fed WCGF were greater ( P < .05) than those of steers fed the other treatments. The WCGF treatment had a greater percentage of fecal N output ( P < .05). The All Con treatment had a greater ( P < .01) percentage of urinary N than WCGF and 7.5% R diets. Steers fed the WCGF treatment excreted more ( P < .01) OM compared with the other treatments, which led to more N and OM being removed in manure at cleaning. The All Con treatment had more ( P < .01) N and OM in runoff than the other treatments. Nutrition can change site of fermentation, which affects the composition of excreted material; however, total amount of N excreted may be more important than route of excretion in decreasing N losses to the environment and maximizing recovery in manure.
Evaluation Of The Ovine Callipyge Locus: Iii. Genotypic Effects On Meat Quality Traits, B. A. Freking, J. W. Keele, S. D. Shackelford, T. L. Wheeler, M. Koohmarai, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Kreg A. Leymaster
Evaluation Of The Ovine Callipyge Locus: Iii. Genotypic Effects On Meat Quality Traits, B. A. Freking, J. W. Keele, S. D. Shackelford, T. L. Wheeler, M. Koohmarai, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Kreg A. Leymaster
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A resource flock of 362 F2 lambs provided phenotypic and genotypic data to estimate effects of callipyge ( CLPG) genotypes (NN, NC, CN, and CC) on meat quality traits. The mutant allele is represented as C, the normal allele(s) as N, and the paternal allele of a genotype is given first. Lambs of each genotype born in 1994 and 1995 were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals starting at 23 wk of age. Warner-Bratzler shear force and subjective evaluation of marbling were collected during both years from longissimus. Calpastatin activity was measured on longissimus from the 1994 …
The Effect Of Forage Source And Particle Size On Finishing Yearling Steer Performance And Ruminal Metabolism, D. H. Shain, Rick Stock, Terry J. Klopfenstein, D. W. Herold
The Effect Of Forage Source And Particle Size On Finishing Yearling Steer Performance And Ruminal Metabolism, D. H. Shain, Rick Stock, Terry J. Klopfenstein, D. W. Herold
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Two finishing trials and a metabolism trial were conducted to evaluate the effect of forage source and particle size in dry-rolled corn finishing diets. In Exp. 1, 224 crossbred yearling steers (BW = 342 ± 11 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design consisting of seven treatments. Treatments were an all-concentrate diet or diets containing equal NDF levels provided by alfalfa hay or wheat straw (three treatments each) with each forage source ground to pass through a .95-, 7.6-, or 12.7-cm screen. Steers fed diets containing forage had greater ( P < .05) DMI than steers fed an all concentrate diet. Steers fed alfalfa diets gained faster ( P < .05) with a greater ( P < .05) concentrate efficiency than steers fed either all-concentrate or straw diets. In Exp. 2, 120 crossbred yearling steers (BW = 307 ± 2 kg) were used in a completely randomized design and fed dry-rolled corn diets containing 10% alfalfa ground to pass through either a .95- or 7.6-cm screen. Alfalfa particle size had no effect on performance or carcass measurements. In Exp. 3, six ruminally fistulated steers (BW = 508 ± 34 kg) were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design and fed an all-concentrate diet or diets containing equal NDF levels provided by alfalfa hay, wheat straw, or ground corncobs with alfalfa and straw ground to pass through either a 2.54- or 12.7-cm screen. Steers fed straw diets spent more time ( P < .10) chewing than those receiving the other diets. In conclusion, forage particle size had no effect on finishing cattle performance or ruminal metabolism data. However, cattle consuming different forage sources in dry-rolled corn finishing diets may not respond similarly in animal performance.
Effects Of Imposed Feed Intake Variation On Acidosis And Performance Of Finishing Steers, R. J. Cooper, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rick Stock, C. T. Milton, D. W. Herold, J. C. Parrott
Effects Of Imposed Feed Intake Variation On Acidosis And Performance Of Finishing Steers, R. J. Cooper, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rick Stock, C. T. Milton, D. W. Herold, J. C. Parrott
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Four metabolism and two finishing trials were conducted to determine the effects of imposed feed intake variation on acidosis and performance of finishing steers. In Metabolism Trial 1, four ruminally fistulated steers were limit-fed and subjected to either a constant amount of feed per day (C) or low intake variation of .7 kg/d (LV). No treatment differences were found for intake or measures of acidosis. Metabolism Trial 2 was conducted similarly to Metabolism Trial 1 with treatments of C and high intake variation of 1.4 kg/d (HV). Treatment HV increased ( P < .05) acidosis, as indicated by the area of ruminal pH below 5.6. In Metabolism Trial 3, four steers were fed at ad libitum levels of intake and subjected to three levels of intake variation: ad libitum intake with no imposed intake variation (AL), LV of .7 kg/d, and HV of 1.4 kg/d. No treatment differences were found. In Metabolism Trial 4, six ruminally fistulated steers were fed at ad libitum levels and subjected to three levels of intake variation: AL, LV of .9 kg/d, and HV of 1.8 kg/d. Average ruminal pH increased ( P < .05) and area of ruminal pH below 5.6 decreased ( P < .05) as level of intake variation was increased. In Finishing Trial 1, 75 steers were assigned to eight pens and two treatments: AL or HV of 1.8 kg/d. Dry matter intake increased ( P < .05) from AL to HV. Daily gain and gain/feed were not affected by treatment. In Finishing Trial 2, 94 steers were assigned to 12 pens and two treatments: AL or HV of 1.8 kg/d. No treatment differences were noted in DMI, daily gain, or gain/ feed. Therefore, results of these trials indicate that intake variation of up to 1.8 kg/d does not increase acidosis or decrease performance of finishing steers fed at ad libitum levels of intake.
Review Of New Information On The Use Of Wet And Dry Milling Feed By-Products In Feedlot Diets, Rick Stock, J. M. Lewis, Terry J. Klopfenstein, C. T. Milton
Review Of New Information On The Use Of Wet And Dry Milling Feed By-Products In Feedlot Diets, Rick Stock, J. M. Lewis, Terry J. Klopfenstein, C. T. Milton
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The processing of grains to produce human foods, beverages, or fuel ethanol has resulted in a wide variety of associated feed by-products. Hominy feed and distillers by-products are feed by-products associated with two distinctly different drymilling industries. Hominy feed contains approximately 57% starch, 11% CP, and 5% fat (DM basis). When fed to finishing cattle, hominy feed has approximately 87% the net energy value of corn. Distillers by-products contain 25 to 32% CP and 13 to 16% fat (DM basis). Wet distillers by-products have approximately 97 to 147% the net energy value of corn. The energy value of wet distillers …
Estrous Synchronization For Beef Cattle, Gene H. Deutscher
Estrous Synchronization For Beef Cattle, Gene H. Deutscher
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
This Fact Sheet discusses the potential benefits of estrous synchronization, how the products and programs work, and the results and costs involved.
Estrous (heat) synchronization is a management practice that can help beef producers improve production efficiency and economic returns. It can help shorten the breeding and calving seasons and help increase calf weaning weights. Its purpose is to control estrous and ovulation in cycling females, so that breeding can be completed in a short period of time. Instead of females being bred over a 21-day period, synchronization can shorten the breeding period to less than five days, depending on …
Genetic Relationships Between Visual And Objective Measures Of Carcass Composition In Crossbred Lambs, H. E. Jones, G. Simm, W. S. Dingwall, R. M. Lewis
Genetic Relationships Between Visual And Objective Measures Of Carcass Composition In Crossbred Lambs, H. E. Jones, G. Simm, W. S. Dingwall, R. M. Lewis
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The aim of this study was to estimate genetic and phenotypic (coroariances between objective measures and carcass visual scores, as a test of the potential value afvisual scores in selection programmes to improve carcass composition in crossbred lambs. In each of 1986, 1987 and 1988, 22 Suffolk rams were chosen with either high or low scores on an index designed to increase lean growth rate. These rams were joined with 18 to20 crossbred ewes each and theirlambs were grov.J11 on grass to one of three target live weights (35·5, 41·5 and 47·0 kg) for slaughter. The carcasses of 1881 lambs …
In Situ Neutral Detergent Insoluble Nitrogen As A Method For Measuring Forage Protein Degradability, R. Mass, G. P. Lardy, R. J. Grant, Terry Klopfenstein
In Situ Neutral Detergent Insoluble Nitrogen As A Method For Measuring Forage Protein Degradability, R. Mass, G. P. Lardy, R. J. Grant, Terry Klopfenstein
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A method of estimating the undegraded intake protein (UIP) concentration of forages was developed and validated with a series of in situ experiments. The hypothesis was that UIP calculated from in situ neutral detergent insoluble N (NDIN) is equal to total in situ N minus the microbial N that is estimated from purines (MN). The in situ disappearance rates of total in situ N (TN), MN, and NDIN were measured for six hay samples and two range masticate samples. Hypothetical rates of passage (2 or 5%/h) were used to calculate UIP (% of DM) for each N pool. Estimates of …
Effects Of Backgrounding And Growing Programs On Beef Carcass Quality And Yield, Terry J. Klopfenstein, R. Cooper, D. J. Jordon, D. Shain, T. Milton, Chris R. Calkins, C. Rossi
Effects Of Backgrounding And Growing Programs On Beef Carcass Quality And Yield, Terry J. Klopfenstein, R. Cooper, D. J. Jordon, D. Shain, T. Milton, Chris R. Calkins, C. Rossi
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Clearly, the future of the beef cattle industry in the United States depends on the quality of the product. The majority of calves are born in the spring; therefore, to have a consistent supply of feeders entering feedlots and to take advantage of forages, a variety of stocker programs exist. Cattle enter the feedlot at varying weights and ages and from different nutritional backgrounds, and this variation could produce differences in carcass quality. The economically important measures of carcass quality are yield grade and quality grade. They are directly related: as cattle fatten in the feedlot, both quality grade and …