Life Sciences Commons^™

Interannual Decline, Compensatory Exploitation, And Conservation Of The Chesapeake Bay Blue Crab Population In Winter, Rom Lipcius, Marcel M. Montane

Reports

No abstract provided.

Shallow Water Resource Use Conflicts: Clam Aquaculture And Submerged Aquatic Vegetation, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

No abstract provided.

Sweetpepper Bush Clethra Alnifolia L., Gene Silberhorn

Reports

The Wetland Flora Technical Report series provides concise information regarding the identification, growth habits, distribution, habitat, ecology and wetland indicator status for the title species. Illustrations are also included to aid in specimen ident

Preliminary Observations Of Barndoor Skates (Raja Laevis) On Georges Bank, Todd Gedamke, William D. Dupaul

Reports

An article published in Science magazine last year (Casey and Myers, 1998) has generated increased concern about the status of the barndoor skate (Raja laevis) in the North Atlantic. Very little information is available and a better understanding of the barndoor's life history, distribution and abundance is necessary for proper management. This document serves to provide preliminary data from an ongoing study that may aid in the current understanding of the barndoor skate population ..

Sorbitol-Fermenting Bifidobacteria As Indicators Of Diffuse Human Faecal Pollution In Estuarine Waters, Mw Rhodes, H Kator

VIMS Articles

Sorbitol fermenting bifidobacteria were evaluated as indicators of non-point source human faecal pollution to three sub-estuaries with elevated faecal coliform densities. Human-specific bifidobacteria correlated with identifiable human sanitary deficiencies in feeder streams to estuarine creeks in two of three watersheds examined, one rural and one moderately developed. Sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria were recovered at densities ranging from 1 to 90 colony-forming-units 100 ml(-1) in 11 of 258 water samples but were undetected in sediment (n = 68) and scat from resident wildlife (deer, muskrat and raccoon, n = 20). Failure to detect sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria in water samples during the summer months was …

Development Of An Expert System Based On A Tidal Prism Water Quality Model For Small Coastal Basins In Virginia, Albert Y. Kuo, Sung-Chan Kim, Kyeong Park, M. Dale Phillips

Reports

No abstract provided.

Perkinsus Marinus Extracellular Protease Modulates Survival Of Vibrio Vulnificus In Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Hemocytes, Bd Tall, Jf La Peyre, Et Al, M Faisal

VIMS Articles

The in vitro effects of the Perkinsus marinus serine protease on the intracellular survival of Vibrio vulnificus in oyster hemocytes were examined by using a time-course gentamicin internalization assay. Results showed that protease-treated hemocytes were initially slower to internalize V. vulnificus than untreated hemocytes. After 1 h, the elimination of V. vulnificus by treated hemocytes was significantly suppressed compared with hemocytes infected with invasive and noninvasive controls. Our data suggest that the serine protease produced by P. marinas suppresses the vibriocidal activity of oyster hemocytes to effectively eliminate V. vulnificus, potentially leading to conditions favoring higher numbers of vibrios in …

What Does It Take To Become A Marine Scientist?, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

Note: This material may not meet current educational standards and is presented as part of the Institute's historical publications.

Strawberry Bush, Bursting Heart Euonymus Americanus L., Gene Silberhorn

Reports

The Wetland Flora Technical Report series provides concise information regarding the identification, growth habits, distribution, habitat, ecology and wetland indicator status for the title species. Illustrations are also included to aid in specimen ident

Estimation Of Relative Abundance Of Recreationally Important Finfish In The Virginia Portion Of The Chesapeake Bay : Annual Progress Report July 1998 - June 1999, Patrick J. Geer, Herbert M. Austin

Reports

Measures of juvenile abundance are presently in wide use as a key element in the management of the Atlantic States' coastal fishery resources. Estimates of the relative interannual abundance of early juveniles (age-0) generated from scientific (fishery-independent) survey programs have been found to provide a reliable and early estimator of future year class strength (Goodyear 1985, Lipcius and Van Engel 1990). After a review of previously available indices of juvenile abundance for important fishery resource species in the Chesapeake Bay, the Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee (CBSAC), a federal/state committee sponsored and funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration …

Ecological Functions Of Constructed Oyster Reefs Along An Environmental Gradient In Chesapeake Bay: Final Report, Fx O'Beirn, Mark Luckenbach, Roger L. Mann, J Harding, J Nestlerode

Reports

Oyster reef habitat restoration within the Chesapeake Bay has as its objectives not only the enhancement of the commercially important oyster stocks, but also the restoration of associated assemblages of organisms and, most importantly, the restoration of ecological functions associated with natural reef communities. Despite our efforts to date, many uncertainties still exist with respect to achieving these restoration goals. These include long-term information on the temporal sequence of community development on new reef substrate, evaluating oyster recruitment patterns (a) across restored reef systems and (b) in relation to resident brood stocks.

In this study we sought to characterize the …

The Crest, Summer 1999, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

Table of Contents:

• New Research Aquarium System
• Finfish Aquaculture at VIMS
• Virginia Creates State Research Reserve System
• Pollution-Laden Sediments In Constant Flux
• Survey of Mid-Atlantic Sea Scallop Closed Areas
• Pfiesteria Update
• New Computer Program Helps Planners Balance Growth, Protection
• Virginia Sea Grant to Administer Commercial Fishery Resource Program
• VIMS Stranded Sea Turtle Project Underway Coastal Sediments Offer Clues to Climate Change, Pollution
• Seemingly Barren Habitat Proves Vital for Economically Important Virginia Fish (juvenile flounder)

Evaluation Of Fixed Gear For The Capture Of Summer Flounder In Coastal Waters Of Virginia, Robert A. Fisher, David Rudders

Reports

No abstract provided.

Avian Prey-Dropping Behavior I: Effects Of Prey Characteristics And Prey Loss, P V. Switzer, Daniel A. Cristol

Arts & Sciences Articles

No abstract provided.

Fish Species Richness In Relation To Restored Oyster Reefs, Piankatank River, Virginia, Jm Harding, Roger L. Mann

VIMS Articles

Fish assemblages in relation to “reef” structures in marine habitats have been and continue to be topics for research addressing ecological and management questions. Much effort has been spent describing and defining fish assemblages, or groups of species, associated with tropical coral reefs (e.g., Sale 1991 and chapters therein), temperate hard bottom or rocky reefs (e.g., Sedberry and Van Dolah, 1984; Ambrose and Swarbrick, 1989), tropical lava flows (e.g., Godwin and Kosaki, 1989), and artificial “fishing” reefs (e.g., Chandler et al., 1985; Hueckel and Buckley, 1987; Bohnsack, 1989; Feigenbaum et al., 1989; Rountree, 1989; Stephan and Lindquist, 1989). Temperate oyster …

Chesapeake Bay Oyster Restoration : Consensus Of A Meeting Of Scientific Experts, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Wachapreague, Virginia, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Chesapeake Research Consortium

Reports

A small group of oyster experts from Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina met at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory, Wachapreague, VA on January 18, 1999 to recommend measures to restore and protect the oyster resource of the Chesapeake Bay.

Juvenile Fish And Blue Crab Stock Assessment Program Bottom Trawl Survey Annual Data Summary Report Volume 1998, Patrick J. Geer

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has conducted a trawl survey dating back to 1955. Over the years methods and objectives have varied according to funding sources and state and/or federal mandates.· The present thmst of the program is to provide juvenile indices of relative abundance for recreationally, commercially, and ecologically important fish and invertebrates. These measures of juvenile abundance are widely used as a key element in the management of the Atlantic States' coastal fishery resources. Estimates of juveniles (age-0) have proven to be a reliable and early indicator offuture year-class strength. A review of previously available indices …

Avian Prey-Dropping Behavior Ii: American Crows And Walnuts, P V. Switzer, Daniel A. Cristol

Arts & Sciences Articles

No abstract provided.

Fish And Fisheries Of The Seaside Of The Eastern Shore Of Virginia, John A. Musick, John J. Norcross, David Hata

Reports

No abstract provided.

A Preliminary Study Of Predation On Blue Crabs By Three Fish Predators In A Seagrass Bed, R J. Orth, Jacques Van Montfrans, James Fishman

Reports

This report serves as a preliminary assessment of potential feeding impacts on blue crab prey inhabiting a seagrass bed in the York River by three species of recreationally and commercially important fish (striped bass, croaker, and red drum). We also provide an historic perspective indicating possible changes in relative abundance of these predatory fish between the period 1978-1980 and 1998. In no way do we intend for this report to reflect an accurate, bay-wide assessment of these relationships; the extremely limited temporal and spatial scope of this effort precludes such conclusions. However, this report supports the contention that habitat-specific predation …

Evaluation Of Striped Bass Stocks In Virginia: Monitoring Studies, 1993-1998 Completion Report 1 September 1997 - 31 October 1998, Philip W. Sadler, Robert E. Harris Jr., Jason Romine, John E. Olney Sr.

Reports

To document continued compliance with Federal law, the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) Anadromous Program (AP) has monitored the size and age composition, sex ratio and maturity schedules of the spawning striped bass stock in the Rappahannock River since December 1981 utilizing commercial pound nets and, since 1991, variable-mesh experimental anchored gill nets. Spawning stock assessment was expanded to include the James River in 1994 utilizing extant commercial fyke nets and variable-mesh experimental gill nets. The use of fyke nets was discontinued after 1997. Tagging programs have been conducted in the James and Rappahannock rivers since 1987 in conjunction …

Antigenic And Functional Characterization Of P57 Produced By Renibacterium Salmoninarum, Gd Wiens, Ms Chien, Jr Winton, Sl Kaattari

VIMS Articles

Renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease, produces large quantities of a 57-58 kDa protein (p57) during growth in broth culture and during infection of salmonid fish. Biological activities of secreted p57 include agglutination of salmonid leucocytes and rabbit erythrocytes. We define the location of epitopes on p57 recognized by agglutination-blocking monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 4C11, 4H8 and 4D3, and demonstrate that the majority of secreted p57 is a monomer that retains salmonid leucocyte agglutinating activity. The 3 MAbs bound a recombinant, amino-terminal fragment of p57 (211 aa) but not a carboxy-terminal fragment (315 aa) demonstrating that the neutralizing …

Jewelweed, Touch-Me-Not Impatiens Capensis Meerb., Gene Silberhorn

Reports

The Wetland Flora Technical Report series provides concise information regarding the identification, growth habits, distribution, habitat, ecology and wetland indicator status for the title species. Illustrations are also included to aid in specimen ident

Elevated Temperature Treatment As A Novel Method For Decreasing P57 On The Cell Surface Of Renibacterium Salmoninarum, Jon D. Piganelli, Gregory D. Weins, Stephen L. Kaattari

VIMS Articles

Renibacterium salmoninarum is a Gram-positive diplo-bacillus and the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease, a prevalent disease of salmonid fish. Virulent isolates of R. salmoninarum have a hydrophobic cell surface and express the 57-58 kDa protein (p57). Here we have investigated parameters which effect cell hydrophobicity and p57 degradation. Incubation of R, salmoninarum cells at 37 degrees C for >4 h decreased cell surface hydrophobicity as measured by the salt aggregation assay, and decreased the amount of cell associated p57. Incubation of cells at lower temperatures (22, 17, 4 or -20 degrees C) for up to 16 h did not …

Analysis Of Historical Distribution Of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (Sav) In The James River, Ken Moore, David J. Wilcox, R J. Orth, Eva Bailey

Reports

Analyses of historical photography and ground surveys dating from the 1930s indicate that approximately 1645 hectares of SAV have been historically present in shallow water regions throughout the James River. This compares to 77 hectares of vegetation reported in 1997 and a James River Tier I SAV restoration goal of 107 hectares (areas mappped with SAV from 1971- 1991). Overall, the temporal and spatial patterns of loss of SAV populations in the James River suggest declines occurred first in the tidal freshwater regions of the upper James beginning approximately 50 years ago, and then subsequently in the lower James beginning …

Increasing The Probability Of Success In Restored Forested Wetlands, Kirk J. Havens, Gene Silberhorn

Reports

This study investigated survival and growth of two distinct ecotypic populations, with varying tolerance to waterlogging, of four species, Taxodium distichum (L.) Richard, Carpinus caroliniana Walt., Quercus michauxii Nutt. and Quercus pagoda Raf. (Syn. Q.falcata var. pagodifolia Ell.).

Results Of Modifications To Sea Scallop Dredge Twine Tops To Facilitate The Reduction Of Finfish Bycatch: Georges Bank Closed Area Ii Experimental Fishery September-October 1998, William D. Dupaul, David B. Rudders, David Kerstetter

Reports

No abstract provided.

Monkey-Flower Mimulus Alatus Ait., Gene Silberhorn

Reports

The Wetland Flora Technical Report series provides concise information regarding the identification, growth habits, distribution, habitat, ecology and wetland indicator status for the title species. Illustrations are also included to aid in specimen ident

Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1998 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Non-Redfield Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling In The Arctic: Effects Of Ecosystem Structure And Dynamics, Kendra L. Daly, Douglas W.R. Wallace, Walker O. Smith Jr., Annelie Skoog, Ruben Lara, Michel Gosselin, Eva Falck, Patricia L. Yager

VIMS Articles

The C:N ratio is a critical parameter used in both global ocean carbon models and field studies to understand carbon and nutrient cycling as well as to estimate exported carbon from the euphotic zone. The so-called Redfield ratio (C:N = 6.6 by atoms) [Redfield et nl., 1963] is widely used for such calculations. Here we present data from the NE Greenland continental shelf that show that most of the C:N ratios for particulate (autotrophic and heterotrophic) and dissolved pools and rates of transformation among them exceed Redfield proportions from June to August, owing to species composition, size, and biological interactions. …