Life Sciences Commons^™

Plasticity Of Expression Of A Synaptic Vesicle Antigen In Adult Rat Superior Cervical Ganglion, Karen F. Greif

Biology Faculty Research and Scholarship

The effects of deafferentation and alterations of synaptic activity on levels of a synaptic vesicle-specific membrane protein (SV) were studied in the adult rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) in vivo, using a monoclonal antibody directed against the protein. Levels of SV were quantified by radioimmunoassay. Deafferentation of the SCG results in a transient increase in SV levels in the SCG on days 7 and 10 after surgery, with levels then dropping below control levels on days 14, 21, and 30 after surgery. Immunohistochemical labeling of deafferented ganglia indicates that the increase is confined to the perikarya of principal ganglionic neurons. …

Spermatogenesis And Histology Of The Testes Of The Caecilian, Chthonerpeton Indistinctum, Rafael O. De Sá, Nibia Berois

Biology Faculty Publications

Macroscopically, the testes of Chthonerpeton indistinctum consist of a series of oval lobes. The number and size of lobes is variable in Chthonerpeton indistinctum. Histologically, the testes are divided into structural units, locules separated by septa of connective tissue. Inside of each locule spermatogenesis takes place in cysts of germinal cells that divide synchronically. Chthonerpeton indistinctum is divided chronologically into four stages of development based on the shape of the nuclei of the spermatids and their arrangement in the cyst: (1) round, (2) kidney shaped, (3) attenuate, and (4) bouquet arrangement.

Characterization Of A Supercoil-Dependent S1 Sensitive Site 5' To The Drosophila Melanogaster Hsp 26 Gene, Ester Siegfried, Graham H. Thomas, U Bond, Sarah C.R. Elgin

Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations

We have analyzed the prominent supercoil-dependent S1 nuclease cleavage site 5' to hsp 26 in the plasmid 88B13, which contains 11.7 kilobases from the Drosophila locus 67B1. The double stranded cleavage product is generated by initial nicking on the purine strand, six preferred sites occurring between positions -96 and -90 (relative to the start of transcription) with weaker ones extending to position -84, followed by cleavage on the pyrimidine strand at positions -86 and -84. A derivative of 88B13, 88B13-X, was generated by insertion of an Xho I linker at position -84; this does not affect the positions or strand …

Book Review Of "A Theory Of Technology", Carl J. Bajema

Other Scholarly Publications

The definitive version is available at http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=BBS

The Effects Of Adjacent Cell Fusion And Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure On Viral Plaque Formation With Herpes Simplex Virus Type I, Rebecca Conner

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

In mammalian cell-virus systems, it has been observed that damage caused by exposure of the cell to ultraviolet radiation (UV) will result in an increase in viral plaque development rate. This phenomenon is termed the Large Plaque Effect (LPE). Apparently, viral plaque development increases at a faster rate for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) when it is assayed on certain UV-irradiated mammalian cells. The consequence of this increase in plaque development rate is that viral plaques appear larger on irradiated monolayers of cells when compared to plaques that developed on unirradiated cellular monolayers.

The cause of the LPE is not yet …

Mutations In Rhizobium Phaseoli That Lead To Arrested Development Of Infection Threads, K. Dale Noel, Kathryn A. Vandenbosch, Bruce Kulpaca

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Two Rhizobium phaseoli mutants, isolated previously by Tn5 mutagenesis, elicited infection threads which ceased development prematurely, usually within root hairs. These infection threads were wide, globular, and otherwise altered in morphology, compared with normal infection threads. Anatomy and division of the root cortical cells during initial stages of nodule morphogenesis appeared normal. However, later nodule differentiation deviated considerably from normal development, and release of bacteria from infection threads was not observed. In tryptone-yeast extract medium the mutants sedimented during growth in shaken cultures and formed rough colonies on agar. Electrophoresis of washed cultures solubilized in dodecyl sulfate revealed that the …

The Windy Harbour-Augusta Rock Lobster Working Group. Interim Report By The Chairman Mr. A. Pallot To The Western Australian Fishing Industry., A. Pallot

Fisheries management papers

Summary of Recommendations: Boat Access: That the Windy Harbour-Augusta Rock Lobster Fishery be declared a limited entry fishery. That the limited entry fishery related to the taking of Western Rock Lobster (Panulirue cygnus) and Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus novaehollandiae) That the southern boundary of Zone E of the W.C.R.L.F. terminate at a point where it intersects with a line drawn in a southerly direction from the Cape Leeuwin lighthouse. That the eastern boundary remain at Point D'Entrecasteaux (approximately 1160east longitude). That the western and southern boundaries by limits of the Australian Fishing Zone. That the season be for the period …

Evidence For N-Terminal Exposure Of The Protein Ia Subclass Of Neisseria-Gonorrhoeae Protein-I, Ralph C. Judd

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The JS3 and FA638 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae bear a protein IA subclass of protein I (P.I). The purified P.Is of surface-labeled strains JS3 and FA638 were cleaved with the N-terminal degradation enzyme leucine amino peptidase (LAP), and the resultant fragments were separated in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Autoradiography demonstrated that the surface radiolabel was absent in a LAP-generated P.I peptide that was about 1,900 daltons lower in apparent molecular mass than the native P.I in both strains. Moreover, the 4G5 monoclonal epitope, known to be located on the surface of the organism, was also absent in the LAP-generated P.I …

Body Size, Nest Predation, And Reproductive Patterns In Brown Thrashers And Other Mimids, Michael T. Murphy, Robert C. Fleischer

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We describe the breeding biology of Brown Thrashers (Toxostoma rufum) in Kansas, and combine this with data from other temperate-zone breeding Mimidae to characterize reproductive patterns in this group. Brown Thrashers produced clutches of 3 to 6 eggs, but clutches of 4 predominated. Most pairs raised 2 broods per year. Incubation required between 13 and 14 days, and hatching was usually asynchronous. Though sample size was small, asynchrony appeared to increase in frequency towards the end of the breeding season. Nestlings grew rapidly, and in 10 days or less most pre-fledgingg rowthw as completed. Young fledgedn ormallya t 11 days …

A Family Of Dna Sequences Is Reproducibly Rearranged In The Somatic Nucleus Of Tetrahymena, Bernice A. Allitto, Kathleen M. Karrer

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

A small family of DNA sequences Is rearranged during the development of the somatic nucleus in Tetrahymena. The family is defined by 266 bp of highly conserved sequence which restriction mapping, hybridization and sequence analysis have shown is shared by a cloned micronuclear fragment and three sequences which constitute the macronuclear family. Genomic Southern hybridization experiments indicate there are five members of the family in micronuclear DNA. All of the family members are present in whole genome homozygotes and are therefore nonallellic. The three macronuclear sequences are all present in clonal cell lines and are reproducibly generated in every …

Early Successional Plant Communities On An Abandoned Strip Mine In Butler County, Kentucky, Ralph Reiss

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Plant growth and development during the growing season of 1985 were examined on a strip mine located in Butler County, Kentucky, abandoned in 1963. Analysis included field plot measures of the frequency, density, and percent cover of the established plant species and determination of biomass accumulation during the 1985 year. Experimental subplots were established in both field and laboratory settings and the growth of the herbaceous colonizers compared under natural and programmed growth chamber conditions. Microclimatic measures of temperature and solar insolation were conducted in the field along with soil texture and pH measures. Results indicate that in the early …

Study Of A Small Mammal Population In Bowling Green, Kentucky, Richard Cambron

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The small mammal population of a restricted study area was live-trapped on the University farm at Western Kentucky University from November 1984 through November 1985. A total of 1800 trap-nights yielded 81 different individuals representing five species. Members of the genera Peromyscus and Microtus were the dominant individuals representing over 90% of the total. Also caught were Mus musculus and Blarina brevicauda. The members of the two major genera were examined for population size and dynamics. In addition, a statistical analysis was carried out on the randomness of the location of the home ranges. This analysis gave evidence that …

Effects Of Acid Ph On Embryonic And Juvenile Freshwater Fish, Barbara A. Ramey, Lee E. Colton

KWRRI Research Reports

The effects of sulfuric acid on embryos, larvae, and juvenile fish were examined using standard bioassay techniques, as well as in a preference/ avoidance behavioral test. The objectives were to compare the sensitivities of the various ages of fish to acid and to assess the use of the behavioral test in a hazard assessment program. In an 8-day static renewal bioassay, embryos and larvae of the fathead minnow were not affected at a pH of 4.92 and above, but pH 3.57 produced complete mortality prior to hatching. In 96- hr acute bioassays, 8-wk juvenile fathead minnows survived 100% at pH's …

Airspeed And Heading Of Autumnal Migrants Over Hawaii, Timothy C. Williams , '64, J. M. Williams, Philip David Kloeckner , '81

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

A Fixed-Radius Point Count Method For Nonbreeding And Breeding-Season Use, Richard L. Hutto, Sandra M. Pletschet, Paul Hendricks

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

We provide a detailed description of a fixed-radius point count method that carries fewer assumptions than most of the currently popular methods of estimating bird density and that can be used during both the nonbreeding and breeding seasons. The method results in three indices of bird abundance, any of which can be used to test for differences in community composition among sites, or for differences in the abundance of a given bird species among sites. These indices are (1) the mean number of detections within 25 m of the observer, (2) the frequency of detections within 25 m of the …

Body Size And Condition, Timing Of Breeding, And Aspects Of Egg Production In Eastern Kingbirds, Michael T. Murphy

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Variation in timing of breeding in Eastern Kingbirds (Tyrannus tyrannus) was correlated only weakly with external morphological characters, but was correlated positively and significantly with estimates of body size based on measurements of skeletons and muscle weights. Small females apparently held a reproductive advantage in being able to mobilize resources for reproduction before large females. Egg weight was independent of all measures of female size, but was directly and significantly (P = 0.03) correlated with standard flight muscle weight, a relative index of body condition. Egg size was thus a function more of female body condition than size. On average, …

Site-Specific Methylation Of Adenine In The Nuclear Genome Of A Eucaryote, Tetrahymena Thermophila, Gail Singer Harrison, R. Craig Findly, Kathleen M. Karrer

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

DNA in the polyploid macronucleus of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila contains the modified base N6-methyladenine. We identified two GATC sites which are methylated in most or all of the 45 copies of the macronuclear genome. One site is 2 kilobases 5' to the histone H4-I gene, and the other is 5 kilobases 3' to the 73-kilodalton heat shock protein gene. These sites are de novo methylated between 10 and 16 h after initiation of conjugation, during macronuclear anlage development. The methylation states of these two GATC sites and four other unmethylated GATC sites do not change in the DNA …

The Effect Of Salt Concentration On Auxin Stability In Culture Media, James R. Dunlap, Stephen Kresovich, Robert E. Mcgee

Faculty Publications

The concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were followed for 35 days in cell-free liquid medium containing 100, 50, or 0% Murashige-Skoog (MS) salt base. Although the concentrations of NAA or 2,4-D remained constant the level of IAA decreased to only 11% of the original concentration after 35 days in the presence of 100% MS salt base. The observed rate of IAA degradation was accelerated by the presence of MS salts.

Brood Parasitism Of Eastern Kingbirds By Brown-Headed Cowbirds, Michael T. Murphy

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Understanding why brood parasites lay eggs in the nests of hosts that reject eggs is hampered by insuf-ficient data on the frequency with which parasites lay in rejecter nests, and by ignorance of which in-dividuals practice this seemingly inappropriate be-havior. Parasitism rates of rejecters can be deter-mined only when host nests are observed during egg laying because most parasite eggs are rejected rapidly (e.g. Scott 1977). Even then, however, a certain per-centage of parasitized nests may go undetected. De-termining the selective value of host defense mech-anisms also depends on knowledge of the frequency of parasitism, and the amount of reproductive …

Joan Staats Oral History, Joan Staats

Personal Papers Collection

No abstract provided.

Ua66/6/2 Alumni Newsletter, Wku Biology

WKU Archives Records

Newsletter created by and about the WKU Biology department highlighting students, faculty and alumni activities.

Esenbeckia Berlandieri (Rutaceae) Rediscovered In Extreme Southern Texas, Michael R. Heep, Robert I. Lonard

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Quantifying Spatial Patterns Of Overgrowth In Epibenthic Communities, David S. Wethey, Linda J. Walters

Faculty Publications

A method is presented that allows rapid and accurate measurement of changes in the spatial pattern of space occupation in encrusting organisms. The boundaries of organisms are represented as polygons, and geometric difference calculations are used to establish the perimeters of the areas gained or vacated between sampling dates. The influence of interspecific interactions on occupation of space is also quantified: geometric intersection calculations are used to define the perimeters of the areas gained or lost in overgrowth interactions. A method is presented for estimating the sampling frequency necessary for detection of significant changes in occupation of space. The method …

Conserved Chromosomal Positions Of Dual Domains Of The Ets Protooncogene In Cats, Mice, And Humans, Dennis K. Watson, Mary J. Mcwilliams-Smith, Christine Kozak, Roger Reeves, John Gearheart, Michael F. Nunn, William Nash, John R. Fowle Iii, Peter Duesberg, Takis S. Papas, Stephen J. O'Brien

Biology Faculty Articles

The mammalian protooncogene homologue of the avian v-ets sequence from the E26 retrovirus consists of two sequentially distinct domains located on different chromosomes. Using somatic cell hybrid panels, we have mapped the mammalian homologue of the 5' v-ets-domain to chromosome 11 (ETS1) in man, to chromosome 9 (Ets-1) in mouse, and to chromosome D1 (ETS1) in the domestic cat. The mammalian homologue of the 3' v-ets domain was similarly mapped to human chromosome 21 (ETS2), to mouse chromosome 16 (Ets-2), and to feline chromosome C2 (ETS2). …

Multiple Mating, Sperm Competition And The Fertility Component Of Fitness In Drosophila-Pseudoobscura, Monte E. Turner

Biology Faculty Research

Those aspects of an organism's biology that influence the number of progeny produced make up the fertility component of its fitness. The fertility of both male and female Drosophila pseudoobscura is influenced by multiple matings. In the former, rates of multiple matings and the genotypes of females' other mates interact to affect male fitness. Female fecundity and productivity increases with multiple matings, while longevity declines. Mating rates could be the result of these conflicting selection pressures. Density is a non-genetic factor influencing multiple mating. The mechanisms by which multiple matings increase female fertility is not the same in different species …

Atp-Dependent Formation And Motility Of Aster-Like Structures With Isolated Calf Brain Microtubule Proteins., Richard C. Weisenberg, Robert D. Allen, Shinya Inoue

Dartmouth Scholarship

Microtubule proteins isolated from calf brain will undergo gelation-contraction in the presence of ATP. We have now examined this process by video-enhanced contrast microscopy. After ATP addition to steady-state microtubules, slow (1-5 micron/min), linear movements of particles and microtubules toward aggregation centers occur. The resulting structures resemble mitotic spindle asters. During the time when gel contraction occurs, asters move (at 1-5 micron/min) toward other nearby asters. This is accompanied by the apparent shortening of the microtubules running between the asters. This is the first example of isolated microtubules undergoing a process that has similarities to half-spindle shortening during anaphase A. …

Cloning And Comparison Of Repeated Dna Sequences From The Human Filarial Parasite Brugia Malayi And The Animal Parasite Brugia Pahangi, Larry A. Mcreynolds, Susan M. Desimone, Steven A. Williams

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Genetic Engineering, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

Why do so many biologists express so little concern for biology as a whole and such contempt for fields other than their own? The current debate on release of genetically engineered organisms into the environment, specifically, J. E. Fox's recent reply (Letters, 18 Oct., p. 237) to an earlier letter by R. K. Colwell et al. (12 July, p. 111), offers a case in point.

A Dna Sequence Analysis Program For The Apple Macintosh, Robert H. Gross

Dartmouth Scholarship

This paper describes a new set of programs ^* for analyzing DNA sequences using the Apple Macintosh computer, a computer ideally suited for this kind of analysis. Because of the Macintosh interface and the availability of high quality software-only speech synthesis, these programs are truly easy to use. Instead of typing in commands, the user directs the program by making selections with the mouse, thereby eliminating most typographical and syntax errors. Output options are selected by “pressing buttons” and then clicking “OK” with the mouse. DNA sequences are confirmed by having the program speak them. The high resolution graphics on …

Differentiation Of Murine Erythroleukemic Cells During Exposure To Microwave Radiation, Roger F. Brown, S. V. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cultures of murine erythroleukemic cells undergoing erythroid differentiation in response to induction by hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) were exposed to 1180-MHz microwave (MW) radiation for 48 h while maintained at 37.4°C by variable-temperature air flow. Exposures at 1180 MHz were at 5.5, 11, and 22 mW/cm2 with a normalized specific absorption rate of 3.32 W/kg per mW/cm2. HMBA-induced control cells were incubated in a 37.4°C water bath. Mean cell doubling time was 16.5 h in both the irradiated cultures and the control cultures. About 65% of the cells of irradiated cultures and control cultures were benzidine-positive differentiated cells. Both the irradiated …