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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effect Of Fenbendazole On Turkey Semen Quality, M. R. Bakst, M. Kramer, J. Long
Effect Of Fenbendazole On Turkey Semen Quality, M. R. Bakst, M. Kramer, J. Long
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Fenbendazole (FBZ) is an anthelmintic recently approved to treat and control nematode infections in growing turkeys. When administered to growing turkeys there are no detrimental side effects. However, when we used FBZ to treat nematodes in mature breeder toms, we observed a decrease in semen quality and a subsequent precipitous decline in fertility to less than 20% within 6 wk of administration. An experiment was designed to determine the impact of FBZ administration on aspects of spermatogenesis and semen quality. We discovered that although sperm viability and concentration was not significantly affected by FBZ, this drug significantly reduced sperm mobility. …
Phenotypic Traits As Reliable Indicators Of Fertility In Male Broiler Breeders, S. Mcgary, I. Estevez, M. R. Bakst, D. L. Pollock
Phenotypic Traits As Reliable Indicators Of Fertility In Male Broiler Breeders, S. Mcgary, I. Estevez, M. R. Bakst, D. L. Pollock
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Genetic selection procedures applied to improve broiler performance may negatively impact the subsequent reproductive efficiency of breeders, particularly in males. Identification of traits that reliably indicate individual male fertility would facilitate selection for reproduction. We hypothesized that physical traits, such as comb area, relative testicular weight, and testicular weight asymmetry, may correlate with fertility in two male-selected primary broiler breeder strains (A and B). Thirty males per strain, individually housed with an average of 10 females, were evaluated at five age periods within the 30-to-50-wk breeding cycle. Flock fertility by candling eggs at Day 19 of incubation and sample fertility …
Paternity Efficiency In Turkeys Differes Extensively After Hererospermic Insemination, Ann M. Donoghue, Murray R. Bakst, Paul Drummond, Shakura Haqque, Edward J. Smith, Daniel J. Donoghue
Paternity Efficiency In Turkeys Differes Extensively After Hererospermic Insemination, Ann M. Donoghue, Murray R. Bakst, Paul Drummond, Shakura Haqque, Edward J. Smith, Daniel J. Donoghue
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
All commercial turkey hens in the U.S. are bred by artificial insemination (AI). Since semen samples are pooled from 10 or more males (heterospermic inseminations), paternity of the progeny is rarely known. Whereas it is known that sperm competition exists, the degree to which any male's sperm fertilizes ova relative to other male's remains unknown. In this work, we determined individual male fecundity relative to that of other males in the study and attempted to establish a relationship between male fecundity and semen characteristics in turkeys. Fingerprinting of genomic DNA from parents and offspring was used to determine parentage efficiency. …
Effects On White Leghorn Hens Of Constant Exposure To Ultraviolet Light From Insect Traps, Jerome Hogsette, Henry Wilson, Susan Semple-Rowland
Effects On White Leghorn Hens Of Constant Exposure To Ultraviolet Light From Insect Traps, Jerome Hogsette, Henry Wilson, Susan Semple-Rowland
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Constant exposure of Hy-Line® W-36 White Leghorn hens to ultraviolet light from insect traps resulted in no significant differences in egg production, fertility, hatchability of fertile eggs, or total hatchability. Also, there were no apparent effects on the eyes of the birds. Results were the same when either blacklight or blacklight blue tubes were used. The need for additional testing of light traps for nuisance fly control in commercial caged layer houses is discussed.
Future Developments In Artificial Insemination Technology, Murray R. Bakst
Future Developments In Artificial Insemination Technology, Murray R. Bakst
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
The development of artificial insemination (AI) technology over the past decade has resulted in some significant advances in poultry breeding. However, because there are few poultry scientists performing fundamental research to advance AI technology, alternative approaches must be examined in an effort to expand AI technology. This paper suggests that the technology available for cell and tissue culture propagation should be evaluated and the applicability of this technology to poultry AI technology assessed. Instrumentation and clinical testing procedures used for the evaluation of somatic cells in culture could provide objective data before and after semen storage on large numbers of …
Duration Of Fertility Of Turkeys Inseminated At Different Times After The Onset Of Photostimulation, M. R. Bakst
Duration Of Fertility Of Turkeys Inseminated At Different Times After The Onset Of Photostimulation, M. R. Bakst
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
To investigate the relationship between photostimulation, ovary and oviduct weights, and oviducal sperm-storage tubule (SST) development and functional capacity, 33-week-old turkey hens were placed in four groups of 15 hens each. Each group was inseminated three times in 30 min with 50 × 106 spermatozoa (a total of 150 × 106 spermatozoa) on the day of photostimulation, or on Days 7, 14, or 21 after the onset of photostimulation (Groups A, B, C and D, respectively). From weeks 4 to 8 after photostimulation, 5 additional hens were inseminated each week and then killed 24 h later to determine …
Increased Lamb Production With Rams Exposed To Short Daylengths During The Nonbreeding Season, B. D. Schanbacher
Increased Lamb Production With Rams Exposed To Short Daylengths During The Nonbreeding Season, B. D. Schanbacher
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Exposure of rams during the nonbreeding season (anestrous period) to short daylengths will initiate a new sexual cycle characterized by testicular growth, increased mating activity and improved semen quality. Lambing results accumulated from 300 potential matings indicate that rams exposed to artificial photoperiods of 8 hr light and 16 hr darkness for 10 weeks (referred to as rams on short-days) are more fertile than control rams maintained under the relatively long days of spring. When five control rams were penned individually with 30 ewes synchronized with progestogen and PMSG, 67% of the ewes were mated. Eighty-nine percent of the ewes …