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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Investigating The Accuracy And Comparability Of Various Lime Prediction Methods For Irish Grassland Mineral Soils, F. Mackessy, E. Mccarthy, E. Broderick, B. O'Donnell, Patrick Quille
Investigating The Accuracy And Comparability Of Various Lime Prediction Methods For Irish Grassland Mineral Soils, F. Mackessy, E. Mccarthy, E. Broderick, B. O'Donnell, Patrick Quille
Publications
Soil pH is a foundational element of agronomy, profoundly influencing biological, chemical and physical soil processes. Adjusting soil pH is a paramount factor for enhancing soil health and productivity with far-reaching environmental benefits. Over time soil naturally tends towards acidity, a process expedited by intensive agriculture practices. To determine the extent of necessary pH corrections, precise soil pH testing is imperative. Various methods including buffer systems, titrations, lime incubations and algorithms considering soil texture are used to assess a soil's lime requirement and each method carries distinct advantages and disadvantages. The Shoemaker–McLean–Pratt (SMP) buffer method is extensively used in Ireland …
An Evaluation Of Parameters Which Affect Dairy Herd Movement On Irish Pasture-Based Farms, Paul James Maher, Michael D. Murphy, Michael Egan, Patrick Tuohy
An Evaluation Of Parameters Which Affect Dairy Herd Movement On Irish Pasture-Based Farms, Paul James Maher, Michael D. Murphy, Michael Egan, Patrick Tuohy
Publications
In pasture-based grazing systems, farm roadways are a pivotal link to connect paddocks on the grazing platform to the milking parlour. However, their effectiveness in the efficient movement of the dairy herd between the grazing paddocks and the milking parlour has yet to be fully quantified. A validation experiment was conducted on a research farm to analyse characteristics on farm roadways that may affect cow throughput, which was observed as the number of cows per minute (CPM) passing a specified location. Roadway width (R2 = 0.96) and surface condition score (SC) (R2 = 0.78, respectively) were both positively associated with …
Water Requirements For Growth And Survival Of Swietenia Macrophylla And Tabebuia Heterophylla Juvenile Trees In Relation To Water Production Capacity Of Dew Condensers1, Jodelin Seldon, Victor A. Snyder, Eric Harmsen, Skip Van Bloem
Water Requirements For Growth And Survival Of Swietenia Macrophylla And Tabebuia Heterophylla Juvenile Trees In Relation To Water Production Capacity Of Dew Condensers1, Jodelin Seldon, Victor A. Snyder, Eric Harmsen, Skip Van Bloem
Publications
Drought mortality of juvenile trees is a major cause for failure of reforestation projects. Portable devices such as passive radiative dew condensers can often provide 0.15 L/day of water in situ, possibly sufficient for tree survival until roots can access groundwater, allowing self-sustainability. To evaluate growth and survivability of juvenile trees of Tabebuia heterophylla Britton and Swietenia macrophylla King under such low water amounts, juvenile trees received approximately 0.033, 0.067, 0.134, 0.201 and 0.268 L/tree/day, representing fractions (relative evapotranspiration or RET) of 0.125, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 of the evapotranspiration demand (ETo). The experiment lasted 60 days for S. …
The Feasibility Of Renewable Natural Gas In New Jersey, Anneliese Dyer, Amelia Christine Miller, Brianna Chandra, Juan Galindo Maza, Carley Tran, Justin Bates, Vicky Olivier, Amy Tuininga
The Feasibility Of Renewable Natural Gas In New Jersey, Anneliese Dyer, Amelia Christine Miller, Brianna Chandra, Juan Galindo Maza, Carley Tran, Justin Bates, Vicky Olivier, Amy Tuininga
Publications
With traditional natural gas being one of the top options for heating in the United States and the present threat of climate change, there is a demand for an alternative clean fuel source. A Renewable Natural Gas Implementation Decision-Making Conceptual Model was created to provide a framework for considering the feasibility of renewable natural gas (RNG) projects and applied to New Jersey, specifically investigating landfills and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Data from the US EPA’s Landfill Methane Outreach Program and New Jersey’s Department of Environmental Protection Sewage Sludge databases were used to identify seven landfills and 22 WWTPs as possible …
Development Of A Grass Measurement Optimisation Tool To Efficiently Measure Herbage Mass On Grazed Pastures, D. J. Murphy, B. O'Brien, Michael D. Murphy
Development Of A Grass Measurement Optimisation Tool To Efficiently Measure Herbage Mass On Grazed Pastures, D. J. Murphy, B. O'Brien, Michael D. Murphy
Publications
Accurate and efficient estimation of herbage mass is essential for optimising grass utilisation and increasing profit for pasture farming. There is no definitive sampling protocol for grass measurement on Irish pastures. This paper presents the Grass Measurement Optimisation Tool (GMOT), designed to generate measurement protocols that optimise for time and accuracy. The GMOT was designed in the form of a decision support tool that generates interactive paddock maps that guide the farmer on how to optimally measure their pastures in a random stratified manner based on GPS co-ordinates, resulting in accurate non-biased estimations of mean herbage mass. Rising plate meter …
Validation Of An Automated Body Condition Scoring System Using 3d Imaging, Niall O'Leary, Lorenzo Leso, Frank Buckley, Jonathon Kenneally, True North Technologies, Shannon Business Centre, Shannon, Clare, Ireland;, Laurence Shalloo
Validation Of An Automated Body Condition Scoring System Using 3d Imaging, Niall O'Leary, Lorenzo Leso, Frank Buckley, Jonathon Kenneally, True North Technologies, Shannon Business Centre, Shannon, Clare, Ireland;, Laurence Shalloo
Publications
Body condition scores (BCS) measure a cow’s fat reserves and is important for management and research. Manual BCS assessment is subjective, time-consuming, and requires trained personnel. The BodyMat F (BMF, Ingenera SA, Cureglia, Switzerland) is an automated body condition scoring system using a 3D sensor to estimate BCS. This study assesses the BMF. One hundred and three Holstein Friesian cows were assessed by the BMF and two assessors throughout a lactation. The BMF output is in the 0–5 scale commonly used in France. We develop and report the first equation to convert these scores to the 1–5 scale used by …
Evaluation And Enhancement Of Carbon Sequestration Potential Of Existing Vegetation Along Roadsides, Vikram Kapoor, Jeffrey Hutchinson, Samer Dessouky
Evaluation And Enhancement Of Carbon Sequestration Potential Of Existing Vegetation Along Roadsides, Vikram Kapoor, Jeffrey Hutchinson, Samer Dessouky
Publications
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the vegetative composition and carbon sequestration potential of vegetation along a major roadway in Texas. Soil and vegetation were evaluated along IH-35 within Bexar County for composition and carbon content. Three 20 m transects were placed at each site and percent vegetative cover was estimated and above ground plant biomass, and soil was collected from three 0.25 m2 subplots along each transect. Plant and soil samples were analyzed for carbon content. Two non-native grasses, bermudagrass and King Ranch bluestem, were the dominant cover at all sites accounting for > 90% coverage at several …
Urban Agriculture And Small Farm Water Use: Case Studies And Trends From Cache Valley, Utah, Tyler Pratt, L. Niel Allen, David E. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Keller, Kelly Kopp
Urban Agriculture And Small Farm Water Use: Case Studies And Trends From Cache Valley, Utah, Tyler Pratt, L. Niel Allen, David E. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Keller, Kelly Kopp
Publications
The landscape of water in Utah is changing due to population growth, conversion of agricultural land to urban development, and increasing awareness of water scarcity. At the same time, Utah is experiencing a growing number of urban and small farms, but knowledge of water use in this sector is limited. Better understanding of what occurs at the field level on urban and small farms can aid state water use estimates and conservation efforts, and assist farmers in moving towards wiser water management. For the 2015 growing season, we performed irrigation evaluations for 24 urban and small farms in Cache Valley, …
Detecting And Monitoring Foodborne Illness Outbreaks: Twitter Communications And The 2015 U.S. Salmonella Outbreak Linked To Imported Cucumbers, Yuliya V. Bolotova, Jie Lou, Ilya Safro
Detecting And Monitoring Foodborne Illness Outbreaks: Twitter Communications And The 2015 U.S. Salmonella Outbreak Linked To Imported Cucumbers, Yuliya V. Bolotova, Jie Lou, Ilya Safro
Publications
This research uses Twitter, as a social media device, to track communications related to the 2015 U.S. foodborne illness outbreak linked to Salmonella in imported cucumbers from Mexico. The relevant Twitter data are analyzed in light of the timeline of the official announcements made by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The largest number of registered tweets is associated with the period immediately following the CDC initial announcement and the official release of the first recall of cucumbers. [JEL: I18, Q13, Q18].
Technological Modernization And Its Impact On Agriculture, Fisheries And Fossil Fuel Utilization In The Asia Pacific Countries With Emphasis On Sustainability Perspective, Rajee Olaganathan, Kathleen Quigley
Technological Modernization And Its Impact On Agriculture, Fisheries And Fossil Fuel Utilization In The Asia Pacific Countries With Emphasis On Sustainability Perspective, Rajee Olaganathan, Kathleen Quigley
Publications
Modernization is a process that moves towards efficiency. This affects most of the fields such as agriculture, fisheries, forestry, urban planning, policy, fossil fuel usage, manufacturing, technology, economic growth etc. This process plays a major role in moving forward making things faster, better and basically more efficient. The effects of modernization on all these fields bring about the major changes to aspects such as social, economic and the environment. The level of operation has increased from a domestic level; small family scale business to large commercial levels. As the level of operation increased, the utilization of natural resources increased gradually …
Photosynthetic Characteristics Of Veratrum Californicum In Varied Greenhouse Environments, Jeffrey Adelberg, Youping Sun, Sarah White, David Mann
Photosynthetic Characteristics Of Veratrum Californicum In Varied Greenhouse Environments, Jeffrey Adelberg, Youping Sun, Sarah White, David Mann
Publications
Corn lily or California false hellebore (Veratrum californicum Durand), a perennial species native to the western United States, produces several alkaloid compounds. A derivative of these alkaloid compounds, primarily veratramine and cyclopamine, shows promise as a therapeutic agent for treatment of a variety of tumor types. Here we report the first study of corn lily cultivated in greenhouse. Growth response of corn lily was examined under two light levels (ambient and supplemental), two fertilization types (20 N-4.4 P- 16.6 K Peat-lite special and 15N-2.2P-12.5K CalMag special) at 100-mg·L-1 total nitrogen, and three irrigation cycles [sub-irrigation every day (wet), every third …
Effects Of Cytokinin On Multiplication And Rooting Of Aloe Barbadensis During Micropropagation On Agar And Liquid Medium, Jeffrey Adelberg, Jacqueline Naylor-Adelberg
Effects Of Cytokinin On Multiplication And Rooting Of Aloe Barbadensis During Micropropagation On Agar And Liquid Medium, Jeffrey Adelberg, Jacqueline Naylor-Adelberg
Publications
Aloe barbadensis (syn. Aloe vera) was micropropagated on agar and liquid medium at varied benzyladenine (BA) and meta-topolin (MT) concentrations
(0, 1, 3.2, and 10 μM) for three successive culture cycles and then transferred to a greenhouse for growth. MT induced multiplication at the highest concentration (10 μM) and BA produced the greatest number of plantlets (at 3.2 μM) with optimal multiplication at approximately 6 μM. Liquid medium did not affect multiplication rate when compared with agar, but plants were twice as large from
liquid as compared with those from agar at the time of transfer to the greenhouse. After …
Sucrose, Water And Nutrient Use During State Ii Multiplication Of Two Turmeric Clones (Curcuma Longa L.) In Liquid Medium, Jeffrey Adelberg
Sucrose, Water And Nutrient Use During State Ii Multiplication Of Two Turmeric Clones (Curcuma Longa L.) In Liquid Medium, Jeffrey Adelberg
Publications
Two clones of turmeric (Cucruma longa L.) were assessed nine times during a 28-day culture period in double phosphate MS liquid medium containing 2%, 4% and 6% sucrose. The phase of rapid shoot bud multiplication lasted for 21 days or less, in both clones in all media. The maximum multiplication rate was 3.4× at 20 and 19 days, with 3.9% or 4.7% initial sucrose concentration being optimal for the clones 9-3 and 35-1, respectively. Dry mass increased over the entire culture period and was greatest with 4.8% or at least 6% initial sucrose concentration for the two clones, 9-3 …
Secondary Metabolism Inducing Treatments During In Vitro Development Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Rhizomes, Matthew M. Cousins, Jeffrey W. Adelberg, Feng Chen, James Rieck
Secondary Metabolism Inducing Treatments During In Vitro Development Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Rhizomes, Matthew M. Cousins, Jeffrey W. Adelberg, Feng Chen, James Rieck
Publications
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) plants that were grown in vitro for 17 or 22 weeks as a fed-batch culture in 2.5 L vessels yielded 39 to 43 g and 62 to 70 g of fresh rhizomes per vessel, respectively (95 % confidence interval). The MS liquid medium was maintained at 6 % sucrose through media addition twice during the experiment. Various methods were employed in attempts to increase secondary metabolism. Antioxidant and total phenolics assays were employed to characterize phytochemical activity. A first experiment exposed four clones to phenylalanine and/or methyl jasmonate (MeJa) from week 12 to 17 in …
Short-Term And Long-Term Time Course Studies Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Microrhizome Development In Vitro, Jeffrey Adelberg, Matthew M. Cousins
Short-Term And Long-Term Time Course Studies Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Microrhizome Development In Vitro, Jeffrey Adelberg, Matthew M. Cousins
Publications
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) plantlets were cultured in MS (Murashige and Skoog Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) liquid medium with 6% sucrose. Microrhizome development was observed in the presence of methyl jasmonate (MeJa) (0, 5 and 16 μM) and benzyladenine (BA) (0, 0.32 and 1 μM). Leaf, root, rhizome growth, and sugar use were measured weekly for 6 weeks in small vessels (180 ml) and four times in 23 weeks in larger vessels (2.5 l). MeJa reduced leaf, root, and rhizome biomass. BA had a positive effect on biomass accumulation. Microrhizome mass increased at a linear rate during 6 weeks …
Efficiency In Thin-Film Liquid System For Hosta Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg
Efficiency In Thin-Film Liquid System For Hosta Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg
Publications
Three varieties of Hosta (‘Striptease’, ‘Minuteman’ and ‘Stiletto’) at four densities (40, 80, 120 and 200 explants per litre) were micropropagated on semi-solid agar and a thin-film liquid system with intermittent wetting of plant tissue. The mechanics of wetting by a small wave front required a larger rectangular vessel (11 × 27=297 cm 2) compared to the common cylindrical baby food jar (18 cm 2). Plants multiplied more rapidly in the agitated thin-film system than on agar. Lower plant densities increased rates of multiplication in liquid, but had little or no effect on multiplication rate on agar. Increasing …
In Vitro Storage Of Hosta Micropropagules - Effect Of Media Sucrose On Post-Storage Recovery, Jeffrey Adelberg, Vani Gollagunta, Nihal C. Rajapakse
In Vitro Storage Of Hosta Micropropagules - Effect Of Media Sucrose On Post-Storage Recovery, Jeffrey Adelberg, Vani Gollagunta, Nihal C. Rajapakse
Publications
No abstract provided.
Winter Greenhouse Propagation Of Clematis X Jackmannii With Capillary Surface Material Fibers, Jeffrey Adelberg, Joshua Giordano-Silliman
Winter Greenhouse Propagation Of Clematis X Jackmannii With Capillary Surface Material Fibers, Jeffrey Adelberg, Joshua Giordano-Silliman
Publications
No abstract provided.
A New Synthetic Amphidiploid In Cucumis From A C. Sativus X C. Hystrix F1 Interspecific Hybrid, Jeffrey Adelberg, Jinfeng Chen, Jack E. Staub, Halina Skorupska, Billy Rhodes
A New Synthetic Amphidiploid In Cucumis From A C. Sativus X C. Hystrix F1 Interspecific Hybrid, Jeffrey Adelberg, Jinfeng Chen, Jack E. Staub, Halina Skorupska, Billy Rhodes
Publications
CT. A synthetic amphidiploid was developed through organogenesis in tissue culturefrom an interspecific F1hybrid betweenCucumis sativus L. andC. hystrix Chakr. The resultsfrom flow cytometry indicated that, on average, 7.3% of the regenerants with unique morphology were chromosome-doubled F1hybrids. The 2C DNA content of the original F1hybrid was1.17 pg, and the 4C DNA content was 2.35 pg. Frequency of chromosome doubling between thetwo genotypes used in this study varied considerably.
Mass Handling Of Watermelon Microcuttings, Jeffrey Adelberg, Y Alper, R E. Young, B B. Rhodes
Mass Handling Of Watermelon Microcuttings, Jeffrey Adelberg, Y Alper, R E. Young, B B. Rhodes
Publications
Modifications were made in the configurations of the unitizing, nonselective wire cutters used by Alper et al.(1992) for mass cuttings of Stage II Citrullus lanatus cv. Charlee (watermelon) plant tissue cultures to further enhance productivity. Mounting the cutter in an inverted position over the receiving vessel eliminated time required for filling. This cut-and-dump technique became 4.8 times more productive for the total transfer process than the conventional scalpel and forceps technique when both time and yield of cut segments with visible buds were considered. A concept for growing fewer, larger tissue clusters per vessel in mini-trays with orienting cells and …
Unitized, Nonselective Cutting Of In Vitro Watermelon, Jeff W. Adelberg, Y Alper, R E. Young, B B. Rhodes
Unitized, Nonselective Cutting Of In Vitro Watermelon, Jeff W. Adelberg, Y Alper, R E. Young, B B. Rhodes
Publications
Unitized, nonselective mass cutting of Stage II Citrullus lanatus cv. Charlee (watermelon) plant tissue cultures has been achieved with various configurations and sizes of wire cutter devices. Time studies revealed that the wire cutters increased the productivity of the cutting function over conventional scalpel and forceps by a factor of 14, Total transfer productivity, including the manual functions of removing tissue from an initial culture vessel and filling (sorting and placing cut tissue segments) new vessels, was increased by a factor of 1,8, The square grid-type cutting devices yielded from 48 to 59% as many viable bud clusters per culture …
Approaching Mechanization Of Plant Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg, R E. Young, A Hale, N D. Camper
Approaching Mechanization Of Plant Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg, R E. Young, A Hale, N D. Camper
Publications
Investigations of materials and methods for growing plant tissue in a continual-flow, liquid nutrient medium as an alternative to semisolid agar medium have been made. Enhanced growth of plant tissue on microporous
polypropylene membranes floating on a liquid nutrient has been demonstrated. Moreover, in vitro plantlets on the microporous membrane are free from entanglement with the support matrix and readily available to mechanized
handling. Trained growth of plantlets through polypropylene netting shows potential for mechanization by mass handling (separation, singulation, and transfer) of plant tissue cultures.
Comparison Of Tolerance To High Moisture Conditions Of The Soil Among Crop Plants: Studies On The Comparative Plant Nutrition [English Translation], Toshiaki Tadano, Kiyokazu Kirimoto, Isao Aoyama, Arika Tanaka
Comparison Of Tolerance To High Moisture Conditions Of The Soil Among Crop Plants: Studies On The Comparative Plant Nutrition [English Translation], Toshiaki Tadano, Kiyokazu Kirimoto, Isao Aoyama, Arika Tanaka
Publications
Tolerance to high moisture conditions in the soil was compared for eighteen crop species, and factors causing differences among species were studied: 1) When the moisture content of a soil was kept high, the soil air contained 10.5 - 17.5% of O2 and 5.0 - 9.8% of CO2, and the soil solution was not very high in Fe, Mn or NO2-N. 2) Cruciferae, Solanaceae, sugar beet, field bean, pea, cucumber and Chrysanthemum coronarium were very susceptible to this condition, but maize, soybean, and onion were tolerant. Rice grew better under this condition than under ordinary upland conditions. 3) Tolerance to …