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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
1999 Nebraska Swine Report
Nebraska Swine Reports
Reproduction
Changes in pH of Boar Semen Extenders
Follicular Selection and Atresia in Gilts for an Index of High Ovulation Rate and High Prenatal Survival
Health A Population Approach to Diagnosis of Grow-Finish Diarrhea Comlex
Survival of Pathogenic Intestinal Spirochetes Kept in Pure Cultures and in Pig Feces Held at Four Different Temperatures
Nutrition Feasibility of Growing and Feeding High-Oil Corn to Pigs
Bioavailability of Iron in Iron Proteinates
Zinc Oxide, With or Without Carbadox, Stimulates Performance in Nursery Pigs
The Effects of Dietary Feather Meal Concentration on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Barrows
Defining Swine Nutrient Requirements and Allowances—What …
Impact Of Drinker Type On Pig Performance, Water Use And Manure Production, Mike Brumm, Jill Heemstra
Impact Of Drinker Type On Pig Performance, Water Use And Manure Production, Mike Brumm, Jill Heemstra
Nebraska Swine Reports
A summer experiment was conducted to examine the impact of drinker design on pig performance, water use and manure volume. Pigs with access to Drik-O-Mat® bowl drinkers had similar daily gains, lower feed intake and improved feed conversion compared to pigs with access to a WaterSwing® nipple drinker. Water use was reduced 24.8 percent for the bowl versus swing drinkers. Manure volume was reduced 21.6 percent for the bowl versus swing drinker. The difference in manure volume is most likely due to a reduction in water wastage. Selection of drinker devices must include consideration of the manure system design and …
Development Of Intervention Strategies To Extend The Shelf- Life Of Fresh Ground Pork, David M. Gaebler, Roger W. Mandigo
Development Of Intervention Strategies To Extend The Shelf- Life Of Fresh Ground Pork, David M. Gaebler, Roger W. Mandigo
Nebraska Swine Reports
The effects of storage time, packaging atmosphere and raw material source on shelf-life of fresh ground pork were studied. Fresh ground pork (18 percent fat) was packaged in an atmosphere of 80:20 percent 02:CO2 or 100 percent CO2 and placed in unlighted refrigerated storage (34°F) for a period of two or eight days to simulate distribution time of the product from manufacturer to retail merchandiser. Products were then placed under lighted storage for eight additional days (100 foot candles, 34°F) to simulate retail display conditions. Ground sirloin had higher percent surface metmyoglobin (darkness and brown color) …
Bioavailability Of Iron In Iron Proteinates, Austin Lewis, Phillip S. Miller, Hsin-Yi Chen
Bioavailability Of Iron In Iron Proteinates, Austin Lewis, Phillip S. Miller, Hsin-Yi Chen
Nebraska Swine Reports
The bioavailability of the iron in two different sources of iron proteinate was compared with that in feedgrade iron sulfate (FeSO4•H2O). Pigs, which were iron deficient and anemic at weaning, were given diets with no supplemental iron or supplements, of iron sulfate or iron proteinate. During the three-week study, weight gain and hemoglobin increased as the iron supplementation increased. When hemoglobin repletion was compared, there were no significant differences between iron sulfate and either of the iron proteinate sources. These results indicate the iron in iron sulfate and the two iron proteinate sources were similar in …
Changes In Ph Of Boar Semen Extenders, Mary Sue Newth, Donald G. Levis
Changes In Ph Of Boar Semen Extenders, Mary Sue Newth, Donald G. Levis
Nebraska Swine Reports
An experiment was conducted to examine the change in pH across time of five extenders (MR-A, VSP, BTS, Merck III and SpermAid). Type of extender and time of measurement affected (P < .01) the overall pH of liquid extender; however an interaction (P < .01) occurred between type of extender and time. BTS and MERCK III had a small increase in pH across time, MR-A and VSP had a linear increase in pH across time and SpermAid decreased in pH during the first 20 minutes before gradually increasing to a consistent level of pH at 50 minutes after preparation. Boar semen extenders do not have the same pattern of pH change across time. Semen should not be mixed with extender until a stable pH has been reached. In general, a liquid boar semen extender should be prepared 60 to 90 minutes prior to mixing with raw semen.
Development And Use Of Pork Skin Fat Emulsion Gels In Low-Fat, High-Added-Water Bologna, Timothy D. Schnell, Roger W. Mandigo
Development And Use Of Pork Skin Fat Emulsion Gels In Low-Fat, High-Added-Water Bologna, Timothy D. Schnell, Roger W. Mandigo
Nebraska Swine Reports
Reduced-lean pork trimmings (~70 percent fat and 30 percent lean) have low economic value due to inherent high fat content. Mechanically modified pork skin was used to extend reduced- lean pork trimmings by making a fat emulsion gel, lowering fat content by dilution in an attempt to increase the value of reduced lean trimmings. The first objective was to extend reduced-lean pork trimmings by creating a pork skin fat emulsion gel (FG) and to characterize and optimize the functionality of FG from combinations of pork skin, reduced-lean trimmings and added water (AW). The next objective was to incorporate the best …
Survival Of Pathogenic Intestinal Spirochetes Kept In Pure Cultures And In Pig Feces Held At Four Different Temperatures, David E. S. N. Barcellos, Gerald Duhamel, Michelle R. Mathiesen
Survival Of Pathogenic Intestinal Spirochetes Kept In Pure Cultures And In Pig Feces Held At Four Different Temperatures, David E. S. N. Barcellos, Gerald Duhamel, Michelle R. Mathiesen
Nebraska Swine Reports
Porcine colonic spirochetosis (PCS) caused by Serpulina pilosicoli has been identified as a contributing cause of diarrhea and reduced performance of growing pigs in all major swine producing countries. The current view that transmission of PCS occurs through contamination of the environment by acutely or persistently infected pigs is based on the assumption that the spirochetes remain viable in the environment. The purpose of this study was to compare the viability of Serpulina pilosicoli kept in pure culture or mixed with feces at four different temperatures over time with that of Serpulina hyodysenteriae. The results of the present study indicated …
Feasibility Of Growing And Feeding High Oil Corn To Pigs, Larry L. Bitney, Duane Reese, Robert Caldwell
Feasibility Of Growing And Feeding High Oil Corn To Pigs, Larry L. Bitney, Duane Reese, Robert Caldwell
Nebraska Swine Reports
A feasibility analysis on the growing and feeding of high-oil corn (HOC) to pigs was conducted. The cost to produce HOC is about 25 to 32 cents per bushel higher than for normal corn (NC), primarily due to 7 to 10 percent yield reduction for HOC. Diets made with HOC contain between 1.5 and 3 percent additional fat. Therefore, feed efficiency should be improved, on average, by 3 to 6 percent when HOC is substituted for NC. In most cases, daily gain should improve by 0 to 3 percent with HOC in the diet. High-oil corn grown in central Nebraska …
Response To Increasing Levels Of Nutrients Fed During Gestation And Lactation To Control And Prolific Gilts, David Casey, Rodger K. Johnson
Response To Increasing Levels Of Nutrients Fed During Gestation And Lactation To Control And Prolific Gilts, David Casey, Rodger K. Johnson
Nebraska Swine Reports
Normal diets and diets with 50 percent greater amounts of protein, vitamins and certain minerals were fed during the gilt development period through lactation to gilts of lines that differed in litter size. The lines had been developed with 10 generations of genetic selection that resulted in a difference between the prolific line and a randomly selected control line of 2.9 fully formed pigs at birth in first parity sows. However, the large litter size line also had greater numbers of stillborn pigs, smaller pigs at birth and greater pre-weaning mortality. The purpose of the experiment was to determine whether …
Zinc Oxide, With Or Without Carbadox, Stimulates Performance In Nursery Pigs, Hsin-Yi Chen, Austin J. Lewis, Phillip S. Miller
Zinc Oxide, With Or Without Carbadox, Stimulates Performance In Nursery Pigs, Hsin-Yi Chen, Austin J. Lewis, Phillip S. Miller
Nebraska Swine Reports
As part of a cooperative research study with several other Midwest universities, two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of high concentrations of zinc from zinc oxide in nursery diets. In the first experiment, the effects of adding various pharmacological concentrations of zinc as zinc oxide were tested. In the second experiment, the effects of both zinc and(or) carbadox additions to diets for weanling pigs were evaluated. Feeding pharmacological concentrations (2,000 to 3,000 mg/kg) of supplemental zinc from zinc oxide stimulated voluntary feed intake and weight gain of nursery pigs, but additive responses to carbadox (55 mg/kg) were not …
A Population Approach To Diagnosis Of Grow-Finish Diarrhea Complex, Gerald E. Duhamel, Michelle R. Mathiesen
A Population Approach To Diagnosis Of Grow-Finish Diarrhea Complex, Gerald E. Duhamel, Michelle R. Mathiesen
Nebraska Swine Reports
Because the growing-finishing phase of pig production accounts for 60 to 70 percent of the total feed costs, improvements in feed efficiency during that period can significantly effect cost-benefit potential. Alimentary tract diseases caused by bacterial agents can significantly impact the capacity of growing-finishing pigs to utilize nutrients. Although disease problems in the poultry industry are most often diagnosed by complete examination of several live animals submitted for necropsy, such an approach is cost prohibitive for growing-finishing pigs. To better control enteric bacterial diseases of growing/finishing pigs, we investigated the value of examining fecal specimens taken front a representative number …
Growth And Carcass Responses Of Barrows Fed A Corn-Soybean Meal Diet Or Low-Protein Amino Acid-Supplemented Diets At Two Feeding Levels, Sergio Gomez, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Hsin-Yi Chen
Growth And Carcass Responses Of Barrows Fed A Corn-Soybean Meal Diet Or Low-Protein Amino Acid-Supplemented Diets At Two Feeding Levels, Sergio Gomez, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Hsin-Yi Chen
Nebraska Swine Reports
An experiment, with 39 barrows with high lean gain potential, was conducted to evaluate the growth responses of pigs fed a corn-soybean meal diet (CONTROL) and low-crude protein diets supplemented with crystalline lysine, threonine, tryptophan and methionine either on an ideal protein basis (IDEAL) or to a pattern similar to the control diet (AACON). In both cases the amino acid patterns were on a true ileal digestible basis. The initial and final body weights were 72.0 and 125.8 pounds. The diets were offered on an ad libitum basis or by feeding 80 percent of the ad libitum intake. Pigs were …
Follicular Selection And Atresia In Gilts Selected For An Index Of High Ovulation Rate And High Prenatal Survival, Hui-Wen Yen, Rodger K. Johnson, Dwane R. Zimmerman
Follicular Selection And Atresia In Gilts Selected For An Index Of High Ovulation Rate And High Prenatal Survival, Hui-Wen Yen, Rodger K. Johnson, Dwane R. Zimmerman
Nebraska Swine Reports
Previously, we reported (See Yen et al., Nebraska Swine Report 1998) White Line gilts selected for an index of high ovulation rate and high prenatal survival (White Line-2, WL-2) maintained a larger pool of medium follicles (3 to 6.9 mm) during the early- to mid-follicular phase than randomly selected controls (White Line- 1, WL-1). The present study evaluated the health status of the medium follicles to determine whether WL-2 gilts maintain a healthier pool of medium follicles and are able to continue selection of ovulatory follicles later in the follicular phase to achieve their ovulation rate advantage (6.6 ova). Ovaries …
Pork 101 A Short Course Focusing On The Importance Of Pork Quality And Consistency, Dennis E. Burson, Dana J. Hanson
Pork 101 A Short Course Focusing On The Importance Of Pork Quality And Consistency, Dennis E. Burson, Dana J. Hanson
Nebraska Swine Reports
As we move towards the next century, pork producers face many challenges. The Pork Quality Audit in 1994 identified consistency of the meat product, meat quality and food safety as major issues producers can’t afford to ignore.
To introduce participants to these important segments of the pork industry, a three-day, hands-on short course has been developed at the University of Nebraska, with the assistance of the American Meat Science Association, the National Pork Producers Council, Michigan State University and Texas A&M University.
Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report
Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report
Nebraska Swine Reports
Pigs treated alike vary in performance, due to their different genetic makeup and to environmental effects we cannot completely control. When a group of pigs is randomly allotted to treatments it is nearly impossible to get an “equal” group of pigs on each treatment. The natural variability among pigs and the number of pigs per treatment determine the expected variation among treatment groups due to random sampling.
Defining Swine Nutrient Requirements And Allowances—What Do The Numbers Mean?, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Duane Reese, Mike Brumm
Defining Swine Nutrient Requirements And Allowances—What Do The Numbers Mean?, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Duane Reese, Mike Brumm
Nebraska Swine Reports
Defining nutrient requirements or allowances is the first, and conceivably most important step, in developing a nutrition program for growing-finishing pigs. Understanding the terminology and underlying principles used to define nutrient requirements and allowances for pigs will help producers better evaluate their nutrition programs. This information will also enable producers to interface production outputs (e.g., growth rate and carcass data) to published nutrient requirement and allowance programs, such as The National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Swine, 1998. As these and other approaches describing nutrient requirements for pigs develop, producers need a better and more complete understanding of growth biology …
Are The Sows Fed Adequately?, Duane Reese
Are The Sows Fed Adequately?, Duane Reese
Nebraska Swine Reports
Feeding and managing sows so changes in their body weight and condition fall within predetermined targets is critical for successful reproduction. General feeding recommendations are useful in designing a feeding strategy for sows in all pork producing operations. However, nutrient requirements are not the same for all sows and there are differences in how well producers implement feeding protocols. It is important sows be monitored systemically on farms to ensure their nutrient requirements are met. Body condition scoring seems to be the most practical and useful method of monitoring sows compared to backfat probing or weighing. Guidelines on how to …
The Effects Of Dietary Feather Meal Concentration On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Barrows, Kuo-Wei Ssu, Mike Brumm, Phillip S. Miller, Jill M. Heemstra
The Effects Of Dietary Feather Meal Concentration On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Barrows, Kuo-Wei Ssu, Mike Brumm, Phillip S. Miller, Jill M. Heemstra
Nebraska Swine Reports
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary feather meal level, as well as whether or not start weight influenced feather meal effects in growth performance and carcass traits of barrows. Dietary feather meal additions tended to decrease the final body weight variation of barrows. Barrows fed diets containing 20 percent feather meal from 80 pounds to slaughter had decreased average daily gain, average daily feed intake, digestible lysine intake, energy intake, daily lean gain and backfat depth. Barrows fed diets containing 10 percent feather meal from 190 pounds to slaughter had decreased average daily gain, average daily …