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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2009

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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Feed Additives For Swine: Fact Sheets – Carcass Modifiers, Carbohydrate-Degrading Enzymes And Proteases, And Anthelmintics (2009), J Y. Jacela, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, David G. Renter, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2009

Feed Additives For Swine: Fact Sheets – Carcass Modifiers, Carbohydrate-Degrading Enzymes And Proteases, And Anthelmintics (2009), J Y. Jacela, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, David G. Renter, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

There is increasing consumer demand for leaner and healthier pork products. Improvements in genetics, new technologies, and increased understanding of nutrition have become instrumental in helping producers meet this demand. Continued research also has led to the development of products that can be included in swine diets as carcass modifiers. A dietary carcass modifier is broadly defined as any component of the diet that alters the resulting carcass composition of pigs. Generally, the mechanism of action of carcass modifiers is aimed at increasing protein and muscle deposition while reducing fat deposition. These products vary in the mechanisms by which they …

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K-State Turfgrass Research 2009, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service Jan 2009

K-State Turfgrass Research 2009, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Turfgrass Research 2009 contains results of projects conducted by K-State faculty and graduate students. Some of these results will be presented at the Kansas Turfgrass Field Day on August 6, 2009, at the John C. Pair Horticultural Center in Wichita, KS. Articles in this Report of Progress summarize research projects that were completed recently or will be completed in the next year or two. Specifically, this year's report presents summaries of research on environmental stresses and the environment, disease control, and cultivar evaluations.

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An Evaluation Of Peptone As A Specialty Protein Source In Diets For Nursery Pigs (2009), C K. Jones, D Mckilligan, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2009

An Evaluation Of Peptone As A Specialty Protein Source In Diets For Nursery Pigs (2009), C K. Jones, D Mckilligan, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of select menhaden fish meal (SMFM), spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP), and two forms of a spray-dried ultra-filtrated porcine intestinal mucosa (Peptone 1 and 2; Protein Resources, West Bend, IA) on nursery pig performance. In Exp. 1, 216 weanling pigs (initial BW 11.9 lb) were fed either (1) a control diet containing no specialty protein sources or the control diet with (2) 4% SMFM during Phase 1 and 2% SMFM during Phase 2, (3) 4% SDAP during Phase 1 and no specialty protein sources during Phase 2, (4) 4% SDAP during Phase 1 …

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Effects Of Increasing Hominy Feed In Diets On Finishing Pig Performance (2009), M L. Potter, J Y. Jacela, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2009

Effects Of Increasing Hominy Feed In Diets On Finishing Pig Performance (2009), M L. Potter, J Y. Jacela, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,035 finishing pigs (initially 79.4 lb) were used in an 84-d growth trial to evaluate the effects of increasing hominy feed on finishing pig growth performance. Pens of pigs were blocked by average initial pig BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (10 pens per treatment) with initial weights balanced across the treatment groups. Treatments were increasing levels (0%, 12.5%, 25%, and 37.5%) of corn hominy feed added to a corn-soybean meal-based diet. All treatment diets were fed in 4 phases, and hominy feed inclusion was constant among phases. Increasing hominy feed resulted in …

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Effects Of Feeding Ractopamine Hcl (Paylean) For Various Durations On Late-Finishing Pig Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2009), M L. Potter, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2009

Effects Of Feeding Ractopamine Hcl (Paylean) For Various Durations On Late-Finishing Pig Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2009), M L. Potter, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 627 pigs (241.5 lb) were used in a 21-d finishing trial to evaluate the effects of feeding ractopamine HCl (RAC; Paylean, Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) for different durations on growth performance and carcass characteristics. On d 0, pens of pigs containing both barrows and gilts in approximately equal numbers were blocked by average BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments (8 pens per treatment) with average initial weight balanced across treatments. Dietary treatments were feeding a control diet without RAC and feeding a diet containing 4.5 g/ton RAC for the last 14 or …

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Effects Of Increasing Feeding Level During Late Gestation On Sow And Litter Performance (2009), N W. Shelton, C R. Neill, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2009

Effects Of Increasing Feeding Level During Late Gestation On Sow And Litter Performance (2009), N W. Shelton, C R. Neill, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 108 gilts and sows (PIC 1050) and their litters were used over 2 gestation and lactation periods to determine the effect of increasing late gestation feeding level on sow and litter performance. Treatments were structured as a 2 × 2 factorial design with main effects of feeding level (0 or 2 lb of extra feed from d 90 to farrowing) and parity group (gilts or sows). The trial was conducted for 2 successive parities, with gilts and sows remaining on the same treatment for both parities. For the first gestation and lactation period, gilts had increased (P<0.001) backfat thickness on d 35, 90, and 112 of gestation and at farrowing compared with sows but had increased (P<0.001) lactation backfat loss. Increasing late gestation feed increased (P<0.001) weight gain from d 90 to 112 in both gilts and sows. There were late gestation feeding level × parity interactions observed (P<0.04) for ADFI and total feed intake for the overall lactation period. This was due to gilts having decreased lactation ADFI when fed extra feed in late gestation, but when sows were fed extra feed, lactation ADFI increased. Increasing feeding level in late gestation also increased (P<0.04) total feed cost. A feeding level × parity interaction was observed (P<0.04) for average weight of total born and live born pigs. Increasing feeding level in late gestation increased piglet birth weight in gilts but decreased piglet weight in sows. Gilts had increased (P<0.02) number and total weight of the total born, live born, and number after fostering compared with older parity sows. Gilts weaned larger (P<0.002) litters and had increased (P<0.03) total litter weaning weight compared with older parity sows. At weaning, sows had a decreased (P<0.002) weaning to breeding interval compared with gilts, and a late gestation feeding level × parity interaction was observed (P<0.03) for conception rate. Gilts that received increased late gestation feed had a greater conception rate than those maintained on the same level, whereas a decrease in conception rate was observed when sows received increased late gestation feed. During the subsequent lactation period, a feeding level × parity interaction was detected (P<0.005) for lactation backfat loss. This interaction was reflective of an increase in backfat loss in parity 2 sows as the late gestation feeding level was increased and a decrease in backfat loss in parity 3 and older sows with increasing late gestation feeding level. A feeding level × parity interaction was detected (P<0.02) for lactation weight loss; parity 2 sows lost a greater amount of weight when late gestation feeding level was increased, whereas similar weight losses were observed between treatments in parity 3 and older sows. Total born and live born numbers and total litter weight were greater (P<0.006) in parity 2 sows than in parity 3 and older sows. A late gestation feeding level × parity interaction was observed (P<0.01) for average weight of both total born and live born pigs because of an increase in piglet birth weight as parity 2 sows were supplemented with 2 lb of additional feed in late gestation with a slight numeric decrease in parity 3 and older sows. Additional feed in late gestation increased (P<0.02) average piglet weaning weight, with a large improvement observed in parity 2 sows. Total number weaned and total weight at weaning were increased (P<0.004) in parity 2 sows compared with parity 3 and older sows. This trial indicates that adding extra feed to late gestation diets increased feed cost with no benefit in sow performance. In gilts, conception rate and litter weaning weight were increased during the second parity, but no other benefits were found.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 19, 2009

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Effects Of Feeder Design, Gender, And Dietary Concentration Of Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Pigs (2009), J R. Bergstrom, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2009

Effects Of Feeder Design, Gender, And Dietary Concentration Of Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Pigs (2009), J R. Bergstrom, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of feeder design (conventional dry vs. wet-dry feeder), gender (barrow vs. gilt), and dietary concentration of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS; 20% vs. 60%) on finishing pig performance. A total of 1,080 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050) were used in the 99-d experiment. Pigs were sorted by gender (barrows and gilts) into groups of 27, weighed (77.4 lb initial BW), allotted to pens containing 1 of the 2 feeder types, and assigned to a corn-soybean meal-DDGS-based feeding program of either 20% or 60% DDGS. …

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Kansas Fertilizer Research 2008, Dorivar Ruiz Diaz Jan 2009

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2008, Dorivar Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Field Research 2008, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service Jan 2009

Field Research 2008, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Includes research reports from these locations: Harvey County Experiment Field, South Central Kansas Experiment Field, Irrigation and North Central Kansas Experiment Fields, Kansas River Valley Experiment Field, East Central Kansas Experiment Field, and Harvey County Experiment Field.

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Field Research 2009, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service Jan 2009

Field Research 2009, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Includes research reports from these locations: East Central Kansas Experiment Field, Kansas River Valley Experiment Field, Harvey County Experiment Field, Irrigation and North Central Kansas Experiment Fields, South Central Kansas Experiment Field, and Western Kansas Agricultural Research Centers.

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Effect Of Acidulant Addition On Yogurt Fermentation (2009), Karen A. Schmidt Jan 2009

Effect Of Acidulant Addition On Yogurt Fermentation (2009), Karen A. Schmidt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Yogurt was manufactured by pre-acidifying the yogurt mix with citric acid, lactic acid, or concentrated lemon juice either before or after pasteurization to a target pH of 6.2, and then the traditional manufacturing process was continued. Adding citric acid or lemon juice to the yogurt mix after pasteurization resulted in a 13% reduction in fermentation time compared with the control. This reduction in fermentation time may result in greater efficiency for yogurt manufacturers, allowing for a more sustainable manufacturing process.; Dairy Day, 2009, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2009; Dairy Research, 2009 is known as Dairy Day, 2009

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Effects Of Acidified Fermentation By-Productsand Prepartum Dcad On Feed Intake, Performance, And Health Of Transition Dairy Cows (2009), Barry J. Bradford Jan 2009

Effects Of Acidified Fermentation By-Productsand Prepartum Dcad On Feed Intake, Performance, And Health Of Transition Dairy Cows (2009), Barry J. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two commercially available acidified fermentation by-products were evaluated in the close-up period (21 days before expected calving) for their effects on feed intake, postpartum performance, and cow health. Diets were formulated to contain similar protein and energy values but differed in dietary cation anion difference and anion source. Treatments were Bio-Chlor, SoyChlor, and a control. Prepartum feed intake tended to be lower for SoyChlor than for the control, but postpartum intake did not differ among dietary treatment groups. Likewise, no significant differences were detected for milk yield between treatments. Protein percentage, milk urea nitrogen, and lactose percentage were greatest for …

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Dietary Molasses Increases Ruminal Ph And Enhances Ruminal Biohydrogenation During Milk Fat Depression (2009), Evan C. Titgemeyer, Barry J. Bradford Jan 2009

Dietary Molasses Increases Ruminal Ph And Enhances Ruminal Biohydrogenation During Milk Fat Depression (2009), Evan C. Titgemeyer, Barry J. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Molasses has long been used in animal feeds for palatability and as a binding agent to ensure uniform consumption of essential nutrients. Recent work with molasses in highly fermentable diets has revealed that molasses might offer additional benefits in dairy rations. Feeding highconcentrate diets increases the risk of milk fat depression by disrupting the normal pathway of fatty acid biohydrogenation in the rumen. Preliminary research conducted at Kansas State University and other universities has indicated that dietary sugars have the potential to increase milk fat synthesis during milk fat depression. In this study, we sought to understand the reasons for …

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Distillers Grains Do Not Change Carcass Composition But Change Some Fatty Acids When Added To Finishing Diet (2009), P.L. Black, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Michael E. Dikeman, J. Scott Smith, James S. Drouillard Jan 2009

Distillers Grains Do Not Change Carcass Composition But Change Some Fatty Acids When Added To Finishing Diet (2009), P.L. Black, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Michael E. Dikeman, J. Scott Smith, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Distillers grains are a by-product of ethanol production and have become increasingly available in recent years. Some research has revealed negative effects of distillers grains on quality and yield grades. Distillers grains contain substantial amounts of unsaturated fats and therefore could alter the ratios of saturated and unsaturated fats to achieve a more desirable composition in beef. Heterocyclic amines are the carcinogenic compounds released during high-temperature grilling of meat and would be increased if fat composition is changed. Our objectives were to evaluate effects of feeding distillers grains on carcass fatness, fatty acid profiles, and formation of heterocyclic amines.

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Aging Improves Tenderness Of Longissimus Muscle Steaks From Fed Mature Cows (2009), A.N. Gipe, T.T. Marston, James J. Higgins, Stacy L. Hutchinson, John A. Unruh Jan 2009

Aging Improves Tenderness Of Longissimus Muscle Steaks From Fed Mature Cows (2009), A.N. Gipe, T.T. Marston, James J. Higgins, Stacy L. Hutchinson, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steaks from cows are tougher than those from young steers and heifers. This difference is often attributed to the increased cross-linkage of collagen in muscle of mature animals that is considered very stable and more resistant to postmortem degradation. Aging steaks from young steers and heifers is a common postmortem practice used to improve tenderness of steaks from the ribeye roll and strip loin. Improvement in tenderness because of aging has been attributed to enzymatic degradation of, primarily, the myofibrillar fraction of muscle and is most beneficial for low connective tissue muscles. Because muscles from mature cows have more collagen …

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Dried Corn Germ In Natural Finishing Programs Reduces Incidence Of Liver Abscess, J.O. Wallace, James S. Drouillard, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2009

Dried Corn Germ In Natural Finishing Programs Reduces Incidence Of Liver Abscess, J.O. Wallace, James S. Drouillard, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Changes in consumer preference for beef produced without growth promotants, ionophores, or antibiotics and consumers' willingness to pay price premiums for such products have led some producers to begin raising beef under "natural" feeding regimens. Some natural programs prohibit use of injectable antibiotics, feed additive drugs, or growth promoting implants throughout the life of the animal. This creates challenges for maintaining efficient growth and preventing disease or metabolic disorders. A key problem facing producers who feed cattle under a natural regimen, without use of antibiotics such as tylosin and ionophores, is ruminal acidosis, which is commonly linked with liver abscesses. …

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Higher Ruminal Ph Increases In Vitro Digestion Of Diets Containing Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (2009), S. Uwituze, J.M. Heidenreich, James S. Drouillard Jan 2009

Higher Ruminal Ph Increases In Vitro Digestion Of Diets Containing Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (2009), S. Uwituze, J.M. Heidenreich, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Advantages of steam flaking grain are less with respect to growth performance and diet digestion when a portion of distillers grains is substituted for grain. Ruminal pH typically is lower in cattle fed flaked-grain diets than in cattle fed rolled-grain diets. Ruminal pH for cattle fed finishing diets based on steam-flaked corn is observed below pH 6.0. Previous research observed a 5% decrease in digestion of organic matter when 13% distillers grains (dry-matter basis) was added to steam-flaked corn finishing diets. A decline in ruminal pH below 6.2 reduces activity of ruminal fiber-digesting organisms. Furthermore, ruminal protein digestion declines with …

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Evaluation Of Pep2 In Nursery Pig Diets (2009), A J. Myers, N W. Shelton, G Papadopoulos, D Mckilligan, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2009

Evaluation Of Pep2 In Nursery Pig Diets (2009), A J. Myers, N W. Shelton, G Papadopoulos, D Mckilligan, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 300 nursery pigs (PIC 327 × 1050, initially 12.0 lb and 21 d of age) were used in a 25-d study to determine the effects of PEP2 (proteins enzymatically processed) on growth performance of weaned pigs. PEP2 is a combination of refined porcine intestinal mucosa co-dried with enzymatically processed vegetable protein. There were 5 dietary treatments: (1) negative control containing no specialty protein sources, (2) positive control containing 4% spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) in Phase 1 and 4% select menhaden fish meal in Phase 2, (3) 4% PEP2, (4) 8% PEP2, and (5) 12% PEP2. All diets …

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Feeding Steam-Flaked Diets With And Without Dry-Rolled Corn And Dried Distillers Grains Results In Similar Feedlot Performance (2009), P.L. Black, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard Jan 2009

Feeding Steam-Flaked Diets With And Without Dry-Rolled Corn And Dried Distillers Grains Results In Similar Feedlot Performance (2009), P.L. Black, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Increased ethanol production in the United States has increased availability of by-products, giving producers an alternative to cereal grains. The by-product we evaluated was dried corn distillers grains with solubles. Research has been conducted at Kansas State University to evaluate the quantity of distillers grains that can be added to a finishing diet without negatively affecting feedlot performance or carcass value. Feeding cattle distillers grains is an important option for feedlots to consider. The second issue that has arisen is the energy costs associated with processing grains. In Kansas, two of the more common methods for processing grains are steam …

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Feed Depredation By European Starlings (2009), G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard, Charles D. Lee Jan 2009

Feed Depredation By European Starlings (2009), G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard, Charles D. Lee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were first introduced to the United States in the late 1800s. It is believed that the starlings were imported from Europe and released in New York City's Central Park so that all of the birds mentioned in Shakespeare's works would inhabit the new country. For the next 50 years, the starling population grew exponentially; by 1942, starlings had spread to the West Coast. Starlings are not considered migratory and remain in the same general area year round; however, some may migrate several hundred miles. During much of the year, the inconspicuous starlings disperse into small flocks …

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Effects Of Megasphaera Elsdenii On Ruminal Ph, Ruminal Concentrations Of Organic Acids, And Bacterial Genomes Following A Grain Challenge (2009), M.R. Mcdaniel, James J. Higgins, J.M. Heidenreich, M.K. Shelor, G.L. Parsons, P.H. Henning, James S. Drouillard Jan 2009

Effects Of Megasphaera Elsdenii On Ruminal Ph, Ruminal Concentrations Of Organic Acids, And Bacterial Genomes Following A Grain Challenge (2009), M.R. Mcdaniel, James J. Higgins, J.M. Heidenreich, M.K. Shelor, G.L. Parsons, P.H. Henning, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Upon arrival in feedlots, cattle normally must be adapted to high-concentrate diets. The microbial population in the rumen of incoming cattle normally is suited to digestion of forages, and when cattle are transitioned onto concentrate diets, opportunistic bacteria that produce lactic acid can proliferate rapidly, leading to excesses of lactic acid in the rumen. High levels of lactic acid in the rumen may cause mild to severe acidosis. Megasphaera elsdenii is a lactate-utilizing bacterium that normally is present in rumens of cattle that have been adapted to high-grain diets, but numbers of the organism are relatively low during the step-up …

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Management Practices Affect Tenderness Of Strip Loin But Not Knuckle Steaks From Fed Mature Cows (2009), S. Neill, T.T. Marston, M.J. Daniel, James J. Higgins, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt Jan 2009

Management Practices Affect Tenderness Of Strip Loin But Not Knuckle Steaks From Fed Mature Cows (2009), S. Neill, T.T. Marston, M.J. Daniel, James J. Higgins, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Approximately 16% of cattle slaughtered in the United States are cows. When these cows are removed from the herd, they are typically in thin condition. Steaks from these cows are considered tougher than those from young steers and heifers but could potentially be improved with alternative management practices, such as high concentrate feeding. Feeding high-concentrate diets, implanting, and feeding β-agonists prior to harvest have been shown to improve performance and carcass meat yields. However, the effect on steak tenderness of feeding Zilmax (zilpaterol hydrochloride; Intervet Inc., Millsboro, DE) to mature cows is unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was …

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The Combination Of Implanting With Revalor-200 And Feeding Zilmax Increases Ribeye Area Of Fed Cows (2009), S. Neill, T.T. Marston, James J. Higgins, John A. Unruh, John R. Jaeger Jan 2009

The Combination Of Implanting With Revalor-200 And Feeding Zilmax Increases Ribeye Area Of Fed Cows (2009), S. Neill, T.T. Marston, James J. Higgins, John A. Unruh, John R. Jaeger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Mature cows are typically removed from the cow herd for various reasons, such as reproductive inefficiency and poor performance. It has been estimated that as much as 15 to 25% of a ranch's revenue may be from cull cows. When cows are culled from the herd, they are normally in thin condition and potentially can be fed to gain weight and increase income. Previous studies indicate that feeding a high-energy diet and implanting cull cows can improve performance and increase meat yield. Zilmax (zilpaterol hydrochloride; Intervet Inc., Millsboro, DE) is a β-adrenergic agonist approved as a growth promotant in feedlot …

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Using Sequential Feeding Of Optaflexx And Zilmax To Improve Performance And Meat Quality In Cull Beef Cows (2009), M.J. Daniel, Michael E. Dikeman, Terry A. Houser, John A. Unruh, John R. Jaeger, Leigh W. Murray Jan 2009

Using Sequential Feeding Of Optaflexx And Zilmax To Improve Performance And Meat Quality In Cull Beef Cows (2009), M.J. Daniel, Michael E. Dikeman, Terry A. Houser, John A. Unruh, John R. Jaeger, Leigh W. Murray

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Beef cows are culled from herds because of reproductive inefficiency, poor performance, old age, or farm downsizing due to high production costs. The National Market Cow and Bull Beef Quality Audit of 1999 reported that challenges associated with cull cow carcasses are undesirable dressing percentages and meat yields. Since 1999, an increasing number of producers are either selling cows in better physical condition or feeding cows a high concentrate ration for 50 to 100 days prior to harvest. According to the 2007 audit, cow carcasses were heavier and leaner and had more desirable muscle and fat color scores than in …

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Near-Infrared Tissue Oximetry Of Beef Longissimus Muscle For The Improvement Of Meat Color And Meat Color Stability (2009), A. Mohan, Terry A. Houser, T.E. Barstow, Melvin C. Hunt Jan 2009

Near-Infrared Tissue Oximetry Of Beef Longissimus Muscle For The Improvement Of Meat Color And Meat Color Stability (2009), A. Mohan, Terry A. Houser, T.E. Barstow, Melvin C. Hunt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Meat color as perceived by consumers serves as a valuable guide for assessing overall quality and wholesomeness of meat. The bright cherry-red color of beef is influenced by tissue oxygen consumption, obstacles to oxygen diffusion, and thickness of the oxymyoglobin layer. The dynamics of meat color depend on several physical properties of muscle including myoglobin redox status and concentration. Physical, chemical, and anatomical differences in muscles cause large variations in color from cut to cut, within a cut, and in cuts made parallel or perpendicular to muscle fibers. Clearly, muscle fiber orientation affects measurements of tenderness and cooking yields; however, …

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Director's Report Of Research In Kansas 2008, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station Jan 2009

Director's Report Of Research In Kansas 2008, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The 2008 Director's Report of Research in Kansas provides a list of journal articles, station publications, and other published manuscripts from scientists in our departments, centers, fields, and associated programs. On cover: July 1, 2003 to June 30, 2008

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Water Consumption Of An Evaporative Cooling Systemin The Midwest (2009), Joseph P. Harner, Smith John Jan 2009

Water Consumption Of An Evaporative Cooling Systemin The Midwest (2009), Joseph P. Harner, Smith John

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Water meters were installed on the evaporative cooling system of a long, low-profile, cross-ventilated dairy in the upper Midwest. The evaporative pad along the west side measured 10 by 350 ft. The water usage per unit surface area of the evaporative pad was 0.29 gallons/hour per square foot of evaporative pad surface area. The total daily water usage per stall averaged 13 gallons with a maximum of 22.7 gallons. Results from this study indicate that peak hourly water usage may be as much as 3 times the average values. The evaporative pad efficiency was 65% between noon and 0800 hours …

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Sensory Characteristics Of Loins From Pigs Fed Glycerol And Ractopamine Hcl During The Last 28 Days Of Finishing (2009), A W. Duttlinger, Terry A. Houser, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, K J. Prusa, L Huskey, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 2009

Sensory Characteristics Of Loins From Pigs Fed Glycerol And Ractopamine Hcl During The Last 28 Days Of Finishing (2009), A W. Duttlinger, Terry A. Houser, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, K J. Prusa, L Huskey, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sensory characteristics were evaluated on a total of 80 loins from pigs fed diets containing glycerol, ractopamine HCl (RAC), and a combination of glycerol and RAC during the last 28 d prior to harvest. A total of 1,054 pigs were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 10 replications per treatment. Pigs were fed corn-soybean meal-based diets. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design with main effects of glycerol (0% or 5%) and RAC (0 or 6.75 g/ton). Pork loins from 1 randomly selected barrow and gilt from each pen …

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Incidence And Severity Of Arcanobacterium Pyogenes Injection Site Abscesses With Needle Or Needle-Free Injection Methods (2009), B M. Gerlach, Terry A. Houser, Larry C. Hollis, Michael D. Tokach, Jerome C. Nietfeld, James J. Higgins, Gary A. Anderson, B L. Goehring Jan 2009

Incidence And Severity Of Arcanobacterium Pyogenes Injection Site Abscesses With Needle Or Needle-Free Injection Methods (2009), B M. Gerlach, Terry A. Houser, Larry C. Hollis, Michael D. Tokach, Jerome C. Nietfeld, James J. Higgins, Gary A. Anderson, B L. Goehring

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 198 nursery age pigs were used to evaluate the difference in the occurrence of injection site abscesses between needle-free jet injection and conventional needle-and-syringe injection systems. Pigs were fed for 21 d prior to treatment administration to acclimate the pigs to the environment of the Kansas State University Segregated Early Weaning Unit. On d 21, each pig received 4 injections of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant, 1 in the neck and 1 in the ham by needle-free jet injection (Pulse Needle-Free Systems, Lenexa, KS) on 1 side and 1 in the neck and 1 in the ham on the …

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Effects Of Dietary Astaxanthin On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2009), J R. Bergstrom, Terry A. Houser, J A. Gunderson, A N. Gipe, J Jacela, J M. Benz, R C. Sulabo, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach Jan 2009

Effects Of Dietary Astaxanthin On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2009), J R. Bergstrom, Terry A. Houser, J A. Gunderson, A N. Gipe, J Jacela, J M. Benz, R C. Sulabo, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 48 barrows (initially 215 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary astaxanthin (0, 5, 10, and 20 ppm) on late-finishing pig performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a 26-d experiment. Pigs were fed simple corn-soybean meal-based diets. Treatments consisted of a control diet and the control diet with 5, 10, or 20 ppm added astaxanthin. For overall growth performance (d 0 to 26), ADG and F/G of pigs fed astaxanthin was not different from that of the control pigs. However, ADFI …

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