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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Co-Morbidity Of Alzheimer’S Disease And Stroke: Cognitive Deficits And Cellular Pathologies In Two Co-Morbid Animal Models, Jennifer L. Au
Co-Morbidity Of Alzheimer’S Disease And Stroke: Cognitive Deficits And Cellular Pathologies In Two Co-Morbid Animal Models, Jennifer L. Au
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Prior to beta-amyloid (Aβ) protein accumulation into plaques in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have been shown to contribute to early cognitive decline. These cellular pathologies are coincident in stroke, which is considered a risk factor for AD. This study investigated the co-morbid effects of AD and stroke on behavioural and cellular pathology in two rodent models. Motor function, memory and microglial neuroinflammation were investigated in a stroke and Aβ injection model and mutant human amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic model with stroke. Injections of endothelin-1 into the right striatum were used to model stroke and AD was …
Maternal Nutrient Restriction In Pregnant Guinea Pigs Impacts Fetal-Placental Growth And Oxygenation, Alexander Elias
Maternal Nutrient Restriction In Pregnant Guinea Pigs Impacts Fetal-Placental Growth And Oxygenation, Alexander Elias
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) in guinea pigs results in placental structural abnormalities that reduce nutrient transport contributing to fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, whether fetal oxygenation is also reduced as a further mediator of altered growth and development remains unknown. Guinea pig sows were fed ad libitum (Controls) or 70% of the control diet pre-pregnant switching to 90% at mid-pregnancy (MNR). Animals were necropsied near term for fetal-placental growth measures, blood metabolites, and markers of tissue hypoxia and oxidative stress. MNR resulted in FGR with brains that are large and livers that are small relative to body weight which suggests …
Nicotinamide Riboside Delivery Generates Nad+ Reserves To Protect Vascular Cells Against Oxidative Damage, Krista M. Hawrylyshyn
Nicotinamide Riboside Delivery Generates Nad+ Reserves To Protect Vascular Cells Against Oxidative Damage, Krista M. Hawrylyshyn
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The ability of vascular cells to withstand oxidative insults is critical to vascular health. NAD+, which drives poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and sirtuin (SIRT) reactions, can be compromised and strategies for overcoming this limitation in the vasculature do not exist. This study determines if nicotinamide riboside (NR) delivery can augment NAD+ stores and fuel resistance to oxidative stress. I established that oxidative-stress insult on vascular cells decreased NAD+ levels, accompanied by a striking increase in nuclear PAR-chain accumulation. PARP inhibition abolished PAR-chain formation and preserved NAD+ levels, establishing PARP in NAD+ consumption in this …