Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Swine (4)
- Probiotics (3)
- Boars (2)
- Bone-Breaking Strength (2)
- Calcium (2)
-
- Heritability (2)
- L. acidopbilus (2)
- Lactose (2)
- Performance (2)
- Phosphorus (2)
- Alfalfa (1)
- Alkaline Phosphatase (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Baby Pig Survival Rate (1)
- Baby Pigs (1)
- Bone Strength (1)
- Ca:P Ratio (1)
- Colonization (1)
- Corpora Lutea (1)
- Correlations (1)
- Crossbred Pigs (1)
- Embryonic Survival (1)
- Fat (1)
- Genetic Correlations (1)
- Gestation (1)
- Gnotobiotic Pigs (1)
- Intestinal Flora (1)
- Lactation (1)
- Lactobacilli (1)
- Litter Traits (1)
Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Inheritance Of Teat Number And Its Relationship To Maternal Traits In Swine, R. A. Pumfrey, R. K. Johnson, P. J. Cunningham, Dwane R. Zimmerman
Inheritance Of Teat Number And Its Relationship To Maternal Traits In Swine, R. A. Pumfrey, R. K. Johnson, P. J. Cunningham, Dwane R. Zimmerman
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The relationship of teat number to seven measures of female reproduction was evaluated in the University of Nebraska Gene Pool population. Teat number was recorded for 7,513 pigs, ovulation rate for 2,794. gilts and litter size and weight at birth and weaning (42 days) for 789 gilts. Paternal half-sib and full-sib analyses were used to estimate heritabilities for each trait and to estimate the genetic and phenotypic correlations of teat number with the measures of reproduction. The direct response to selection for ovulation rate and the correlated response in teat number were also evaluated from the regressions of line differences …
The Relationships Between Plasma Progesterone And Lh And The Numbers Of Corpora Lutea And Embryos In Purebred And Crossbred Gilts, R. P. Wettemann, R. K. Johnson, I. T. Omtvedt
The Relationships Between Plasma Progesterone And Lh And The Numbers Of Corpora Lutea And Embryos In Purebred And Crossbred Gilts, R. P. Wettemann, R. K. Johnson, I. T. Omtvedt
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Relationships between plasma progesterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) and the numbers of corpora lutea and embryos were determined in 133 8-month-old purebred Duroc, Hampshire and Yorkshire gilts and two-breed crosses among the three breeds. The numbers of corpora lutea and normal embryos were determined at slaughteronday 30.8 ± .2 of pregnancy, and progesterone and LH were quantified in plasma obtained the previous day. Progesterone concentrations in plasma were influenced by sire (P<.10), breed of dam (P<.05) and breed of sire x breed of dam (P<.05). Hampshire gilts had higher concentrations of progesterone in plasma than did Durocs (P<.05) and Yorkshires (P<.01). None of the effects in the model was significant for LH. Plasma progesterone and LH had heritability estimates of .48 ± .41 and .29 ± .40, respectively. Most genetic and phenotypic correlations of plasma progesterone and LH with other traits were small. These data indicate that progesterone concentrations in plasma at 30 days of pregnancy are not a satisfactory predictor of the numbers of corpora lutea and embryos. The differences in plasma progesterone between breeds illustrate the need to consider the breed of gilts when selecting animals for the study of luteal function or physiological factors that may influence progesterone concentrations in plasma.
Genetic And Economic Implications Of Fetal Effects On The Dam, L. Dale Van Vleck, L. P. Johnson
Genetic And Economic Implications Of Fetal Effects On The Dam, L. Dale Van Vleck, L. P. Johnson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The genetic model for fetal effect on production of the dam is described, and studies on genetic and economic implications are reviewed. The effect on production from the sire of the cow has 1.58 to 3.02 times as much economic value as the effect from the sire of the fetus. The use of mate records in evaluating a sire in addition to daughter records could increase economic gain from selection by 1 to 2% depending on the variation from sire of fetus. Mate records alone do not appear valuable for sire selection. About 1% of the variation in milk yield …
Influence Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus Inoculum On Gnotobiotic And Conventional Pigs, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, W. B. Wren, E. R. Peo, Jr., K. M. Shahani
Influence Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus Inoculum On Gnotobiotic And Conventional Pigs, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, W. B. Wren, E. R. Peo, Jr., K. M. Shahani
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of L. acidopbilus (bacteria commonly found in probiotics) inoculum on gnotobiotic and conventional pigs. The localization and population levels of L. acidopbilus (LA) in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of 24 gnotobiotic pigs (12 treated and 12 control) were determined by microbiological techniques.
Response Of Different Genetic Lines Of Boars To Varying Levels Of Dietary Calcium And Phosphorus, R. D. Nimmo, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, P. J. Cunningham, T. D. Crenshaw, D. G. Olson
Response Of Different Genetic Lines Of Boars To Varying Levels Of Dietary Calcium And Phosphorus, R. D. Nimmo, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, P. J. Cunningham, T. D. Crenshaw, D. G. Olson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of various levels of dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) on performance, soundness and blood and bone parameters of different genetic lines of boars fed under variable environmental conditions. The first experiment compared different genetic lines of boars fed two levels of dietary Ca and P. Forty purebred (Large White) and Nebraska Gene Pool boars were allotted by breed and initial weight to two levels of dietary Ca and P (.65 Ca/.50% P and 1.3% Ca/1.0% P).
Effect Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus On Starter Pigs Fed A Diet Supplemented With Lactose, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, E. R. Peo, Jr.
Effect Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus On Starter Pigs Fed A Diet Supplemented With Lactose, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, E. R. Peo, Jr.
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Seventy-two crossbred pigs (average initial weight 6 kg) were used to study the effect of L. acidopbilus (lactic acid-producing bacteria common in probiotics) in starter diets on gain, feed conversion, fecal lactobacillus and coliform counts, hematology and serum proteins. The nonmedicated experimental diets were corn-soybean meal (18% crude protein) diets with two levels of lactose (0 and 10%). It has been theorized that lactose is necessary for lactobacilli to colonize in the digestive tract. One-half of the pigs received a 10-ml inoculum daily for 2 weeks via stomach tubes.
Effect Of Various Levels Of Dietary Calcium And Phosphorus On Performance, Blood, And Bone Parameters In Growing Boars, R. D. Nimmo, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, P. J. Cunningham, D. G. Olson, T. D. Crenshaw
Effect Of Various Levels Of Dietary Calcium And Phosphorus On Performance, Blood, And Bone Parameters In Growing Boars, R. D. Nimmo, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, P. J. Cunningham, D. G. Olson, T. D. Crenshaw
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Ninety-six 8-kg crossbred boars were initially allotted to three dietary levels of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) - (A) .65% Ca; .50% P; (B) .975% Ca; .75% P and (C) 1.3% Ca; 1.0% P - to determine the effects of the different levels on average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed to gain (F:G) and certain blood and bone parameters.
Lysine Requirement Of Pigs Weighing 5 To 15 Kg Fed Practical With And Without Added Fat, A. J. Lewis, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, T. D. Crenshaw
Lysine Requirement Of Pigs Weighing 5 To 15 Kg Fed Practical With And Without Added Fat, A. J. Lewis, E. R. Peo, Jr., B. D. Moser, T. D. Crenshaw
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Weanling crossbred pigs (average weight 5 kg) were fed diets containing two levels of fat and six levels of lysine in a 2 • 6 factorial design to determine the lysine requirement of young pigs fed practical diets with and without added fat. The diets were based on corn and soybean meal and contained either 5% sucrose or 5% lard. Lysine levels ranged from .95% (basal) to 1.45% in .10% increments. The growth trial was 28 days long and pigs were bled at 14 and 28 days. Feed intake (ADFI), weight gain (ADG), feed efficiency (G:F) and changes in plasma …
Long-Term Effects Of Dietary Additions Of Alfalfa And Tallow On Sow Reproductive Performance, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, M. A. Crenshaw, E. R. Peo, Jr.
Long-Term Effects Of Dietary Additions Of Alfalfa And Tallow On Sow Reproductive Performance, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, M. A. Crenshaw, E. R. Peo, Jr.
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Eighty-eight crossbred sows were used to evaluate the effects of including sun-cured alfalfa in gestation diets and tallow in lactation diets on reproductive performance for three successive reproductive cycles.
Effects Of Microbial Feed Additives On Performance Of Starter And Growing-Finishing Pigs, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, E. R. Peo, Jr.
Effects Of Microbial Feed Additives On Performance Of Starter And Growing-Finishing Pigs, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, E. R. Peo, Jr.
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Three trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of lactic acid-producing microbial feed additives (Probiotics) on performance of starting and growing-finishing pigs. Two commercially available probiotics, Probios (L. acidopbilus) and Feed-Mate 68 (Streptococcus faecium type Cernelle 68), were used. In the first of two starter trials, 192 crossbred pigs (initial weight 7 kg) were used in a 2 • 4 factorial arrangement of treatments, with Probios and antibiotics (ASP-250, lincomycin, tylosin) as the main effects.
Age-Season Adjustment Factors For Alpine, Lamancha, Nubian, Saanen, And Toggenburg Dairy Goats, M. U. Iloeje, T. R. Rounsaville, R. E. Mcdowell, G. R. Wiggans, L. Dale Van Vleck
Age-Season Adjustment Factors For Alpine, Lamancha, Nubian, Saanen, And Toggenburg Dairy Goats, M. U. Iloeje, T. R. Rounsaville, R. E. Mcdowell, G. R. Wiggans, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Multiplicative age-season adjustment factors for milk and fat yields of five breeds of dairy goats were estimated by fitting a three-way, mixed classification model containing random effects for does with fixed effects for herd-year-season and age-season for 7544, 1994, 7456, 3307, and 4599 lactation records collected from 1965 to 1976 from Alpine, La- Mancha, Nubian, Saanen, and Toggenburg dairy goats in the United States. These factors reflect changes in milk and fat yields associated with age and season of freshening. As with dairy cattle, these factors indicated that milk records of goats are affected differently in different seasons for a …
Effects Of Twinning On Lactation And Days Open In Holsteins, C. A. Chapin, L. Dale Van Vleck
Effects Of Twinning On Lactation And Days Open In Holsteins, C. A. Chapin, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Effects of twinning on lactation and days open in Holsteins were studied from calving records compiled by member surveys of Eastern Artificial Insemination Cooperative. Records of cows with 305-day mature-equivalent records from the Northeast Dairy Records Processing Laboratory were grouped according to whether the twin calving was associated with dystocia. Records of each cow that had a twin calving were paired with records of a single-calving control herdmate. In the twin group of 175 cows associated with dystocia, twin pregnancy had no effect on production; milk and fat production in the lactation initiated by twinning was depressed (137 kg and …
Estimating A Genetic Covariance From Least Squares Solutions, G. R. Wiggans, R. L. Quaas, L. Dale Van Vleck
Estimating A Genetic Covariance From Least Squares Solutions, G. R. Wiggans, R. L. Quaas, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
An unbiased and invariant procedure is described for estimating the covariance between effects of two traits or of random variables such as sires in two environments when the residual effects for one trait are not correlated with those of the other trait. When the covariance is desired between two classes in the model, such as sire of fetus and sire of cow, the data can be divided randomly into two sets to allow use of this procedure to estimate the covariance since the residuals in the two data sets would be uncorrelated. The method is to obtain solutions by ordinary …
Relationships Among Type Traits And Milk Yield Of Brown Swiss Cattle, L. Dale Van Vleck, P. J. Karner, G. R. Wiggans
Relationships Among Type Traits And Milk Yield Of Brown Swiss Cattle, L. Dale Van Vleck, P. J. Karner, G. R. Wiggans
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Variances and covariances for herdyear, sire, and residual effects were estimated for 10 standard type traits and milk yield from type records on 12,838 Brown Swiss cows and milk records on 5,911 of these. A total of 712 sires and 824 herds was involved. The model was a random two-way, cross-classified model (herd-year and sire of cow) with no interaction. Covariances with descriptive type traits scored in categories as present or absent also were estimated as were variance-covariance matrices for descriptive type traits when each category was a separate trait. Genetic correlations of standard type traits with final classification score …
Fragmentation Index Of Raw Muscle As A Tenderness Predictor Of Steaks From Us Good And Us Standard Steer And Bullock Carcasses, Chris R. Calkins, G. W. Davis
Fragmentation Index Of Raw Muscle As A Tenderness Predictor Of Steaks From Us Good And Us Standard Steer And Bullock Carcasses, Chris R. Calkins, G. W. Davis
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Thirty steer (10 US Good, 20 US Standard) and 10 bullock carcasses (one US Good, nine US Standard) were selected from two commercial meat packing firms and aged for 10 to 14 days in a 2 C cooler. Each carcass was assigned scores for the various USDA quality and yield grade factors during a 48- to 120-hr post-mortem selection period. Steaks containing the longissimus muscle were obtained from the anterior end of the short loin and cooked to 70 C. They were then measured for tenderness with the Warner-Bratzler shear and evaluated by a trained eight-member sensory panel.
Effect Of Dietary Lactose On Gain, Feed Conversion, Blood, Bone And Intestinal Parameters In Postweaning Rats And Swine, R. L. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., T. D. Crenshaw, P. J. Cunningham
Effect Of Dietary Lactose On Gain, Feed Conversion, Blood, Bone And Intestinal Parameters In Postweaning Rats And Swine, R. L. Moser, E. R. Peo, Jr., T. D. Crenshaw, P. J. Cunningham
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of lactose on performance, bone integrity and certain blood constituents in post-weaning rats and swine. The effect of lactose on calcium and phosphorus and percentage ash content of the small intestine was also determined. In both trials, average daily gains were not influenced by the feeding of diets containing 30% lactose. Feed conversion was depressed in both rats and pigs when 30% lactose was fed.
Stayability Evaluation As A Categorical Trait And By Considering Other Traits, L. Dale Van Vleck
Stayability Evaluation As A Categorical Trait And By Considering Other Traits, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Correspondence between usual categorical scores where frequencies sum to one and stayability of herd life measured as survival to several age periods is illustrated. The singularity of the variancecovariance matrix of categorically measured traits when each category is a separate trait also is true for stayability, since the measurement for the last period for stayability is always zero, has variance zero, and covariances zero with measurements in preceding periods. Best linear unbiased prediction for stayability of a bull's daughters is achieved by ignoring the last period. A procedure is described for predicting stayability of daughters having variable opportunity for stayability …
Heterosis And Breed Effects In Swine, R. K. Johnson
Heterosis And Breed Effects In Swine, R. K. Johnson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
An objective of the NC-103 regional swine breeding project is to evaluate inter-population and intra-population performance of domestic and exotic strains of swine. Several cooperating stations have conducted experiments relative to this objective. Projects were not exact replicates, but sufficient overlap allowed combining the information to yield more precise estimates of heterosis and breed effects than was possible from the analyses of data from any single experiment. This publication summarizes data available from NC-103 cooperating stations on breed and heterosis effects in swine. An extensive crossbreeding experiment has been conducted and results published by Canadian researchers Fahmy and Bernard, 1971 …
Adjustment Of 21-Day Litter Weight For Number Of Pigs Nursed For Purebred And Crossbred Dams, E. R. Wilson, R. K. Johnson
Adjustment Of 21-Day Litter Weight For Number Of Pigs Nursed For Purebred And Crossbred Dams, E. R. Wilson, R. K. Johnson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Litter data from two crossbreeding experiments were used to estimate coefficients for regressing 21-day litter weight on litter size at 21-days. Exp. 1 involved 1,003 purebred and Fg gilts of Hampshire, Duroc and Yorkshire breeding and 206 second parity sows of Duroc, Hampshire and Yorkshire breeding; Exp. 2 involved 388 F1 gilts and sows of Duroc, Yorkshire, Landrace and Spot breeding. The linear and quadratic regression coefficients from the gilt data in Exp. 1 were 5.64 ± .29 kg/pig and -.10 ± .02 kg/(pig)2, respectively. For Exp. 2, the regression coefficients were 5.98 ± .71 kg/pig …
Profitability Index For Sires, J. J. Bakker, R. W. Everett, L. Dale Van Vleck
Profitability Index For Sires, J. J. Bakker, R. W. Everett, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A profitability index for evaluation of sires on predicted lifetime production of daughters and their progeny was developed from sire evaluations for milk yield, fat yield, and stayability. Indexes of milk and stayability for first lactations were used to calculate proofs for stayability in later lactations. Predicted milk yields were adjusted to the actual age when the records would be made. Breed averages, which are required for the procedure, were calculated from records of daughters of 1192 Holstein-Friesian sires in the Northeast Artificial Insemination Sire Comparison. Proofs for stayability through the first lactation and indexes for stayability in later lactations …
Sire Evaluation By Best Linear Unbiased Prediction For Categorically Scored Type Traits, L. Dale Van Vleck, P. J. Karner
Sire Evaluation By Best Linear Unbiased Prediction For Categorically Scored Type Traits, L. Dale Van Vleck, P. J. Karner
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Best linear unbiased prediction to predict category frequencies of future progeny of a sire for type traits scored in mutually exclusive categories is described. The method accounts for automatic covariances among categories and is comparable to prediction for multiple traits. The method does not require linearity of measurements and also allows nonlinear economic values to be assigned to each category after frequencies are predicted. Evaluations were for 12 descriptive type traits for 712 Brown Swiss bulls having daughters in more than one herd. Problems in obtaining solutions to the mixed-model equations for multiple traits are discussed.