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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Long-Term Monitoring Of A Successful Recovery Program Of Peregrine Falcons In Virginia, B. D. Watts, Mitchell A. Byrd, E. K. Mojica, S. Padgett, S. R. Harding, C. A. Koppie
Long-Term Monitoring Of A Successful Recovery Program Of Peregrine Falcons In Virginia, B. D. Watts, Mitchell A. Byrd, E. K. Mojica, S. Padgett, S. R. Harding, C. A. Koppie
Arts & Sciences Articles
The Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus anatum) was believed to be extirpated as a breeding species in Virginia by the early 1960s. An aggressive restoration program was initiated in 1978 that involved the release of captive-reared birds totaling 115 on the Coastal Plain (1978–1985) and 127 in the Mountain physiographic region (1985–1993). The first occupied territory was established and the first breeding attempt was documented in 1979 and 1982, respectively. We have monitored the size, distribution, reproductive rate, and substrate use of the resulting breeding population (1979–2016). The population proceeded through an establishment phase (1979–1993) driven by releases with an average …
Sumo-Targeted Ubiquitin Ligases (Stubls) Reduce The Toxicity And Abnormal Transcriptional Activity Associated With A Mutant, Aggregation-Prone Fragment Of Huntingtin, Kentaro Ohkuni, Nagesh Pasupala, Jennifer Peek, Oliver Kerscher
Sumo-Targeted Ubiquitin Ligases (Stubls) Reduce The Toxicity And Abnormal Transcriptional Activity Associated With A Mutant, Aggregation-Prone Fragment Of Huntingtin, Kentaro Ohkuni, Nagesh Pasupala, Jennifer Peek, Oliver Kerscher
Arts & Sciences Articles
Cell viability and gene expression profiles are altered in cellular models of neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington’s Disease (HD). Using the yeast model system, we show that the SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase (STUbL) Slx5 reduces the toxicity and abnormal transcriptional activity associated with a mutant, aggregation-prone fragment of huntingtin (Htt), the causative agent of HD. We demonstrate that expression of an aggregation-prone Htt construct with 103 glutamine residues (103Q), but not the non-expanded form (25Q), results in severe growth defects in slx5Δ and slx8Δ cells. Since Slx5 is a nuclear protein and because Htt expression affects gene transcription, we …
Dbx1 Pre-Bötzinger Complex Interneurons Comprise The Core Inspiratory Oscillator For Breathing In Unanesthetized Adult Mice, Christopher A. Del Negro, Francis Pham
Dbx1 Pre-Bötzinger Complex Interneurons Comprise The Core Inspiratory Oscillator For Breathing In Unanesthetized Adult Mice, Christopher A. Del Negro, Francis Pham
Arts & Sciences Articles
The brainstem pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) generates inspiratory breathing rhythms, but which neurons comprise its rhythmogenic core? Dbx1-derived neurons may play the preeminent role in rhythm generation, an idea well founded at perinatal stages of development but incompletely evaluated in adulthood. We expressed archaerhodopsin or channelrhodopsin in Dbx1 preBötC neurons in intact adult mice to interrogate their function. Prolonged photoinhibition slowed down or stopped breathing, whereas prolonged photostimulation sped up breathing. Brief inspiratory-phase photoinhibition evoked the next breath earlier than expected, whereas brief expiratory-phase photoinhibition delayed the subsequent breath. Conversely, brief inspiratory-phase photostimulation increased inspiratory duration and delayed the subsequent breath, …
Physical Modeling Of Vortical Cross-Step Flow In The American Paddlefish, Polyodon Spathula, Hannah Brooks, Grant Emerson Haines, M. Carly Lin, S. Laurie Sanderson
Physical Modeling Of Vortical Cross-Step Flow In The American Paddlefish, Polyodon Spathula, Hannah Brooks, Grant Emerson Haines, M. Carly Lin, S. Laurie Sanderson
Arts & Sciences Articles
Vortical cross-step filtration in suspension-feeding fish has been reported recently as a novel mechanism, distinct from other biological and industrial filtration processes. Although crossflow passing over backward-facing steps generates vortices that can suspend, concentrate, and transport particles, the morphological factors affecting this vortical flow have not been identified previously. In our 3D-printed models of the oral cavity for ram suspension-feeding fish, the angle of the backward-facing step with respect to the model’s dorsal midline affected vortex parameters significantly, including rotational, tangential, and axial speed. These vortices were comparable to those quantified downstream of the backward-facing steps that were formed by …
Dendritic A-Current In Rhythmically Active Prebo¨Tzinger Complex Neurons In Organotypic Cultures From Newborn Mice, Wiktor S. Phillips, Christopher A. Del Negro, Jens K. Rekling
Dendritic A-Current In Rhythmically Active Prebo¨Tzinger Complex Neurons In Organotypic Cultures From Newborn Mice, Wiktor S. Phillips, Christopher A. Del Negro, Jens K. Rekling
Arts & Sciences Articles
Brainstem neurons in the preBo¨tC generate the oscillatory activity that underlies breathing. PreBo¨tC neurons express voltagedependent currents that can influence inspiratory activity, among which is a transient potassium current (IA) previously identified in a rhythmogenic excitatory subset of type-1 preBo¨tC neurons. We sought to determine whether IA is expressed in the dendrites of preBo¨tC. We found that dendrites of type-1 preBo¨tC neurons indeed express IA, which may aid in shunting sparse non-summating synaptic inputs, while enabling strong summating excitatory inputs to readily pass and thus influence somatic membrane potential trajectory. The subcellular distribution of IA in rhythmically active neurons of …
Predator-Induced Plasticity In Egg Capsule Deposition In The Mud Snail, Tritia Obsoleta, Emily A. Harmon, Jonathan D. Allen
Predator-Induced Plasticity In Egg Capsule Deposition In The Mud Snail, Tritia Obsoleta, Emily A. Harmon, Jonathan D. Allen
Arts & Sciences Articles
Most marine invertebrates develop in the plankton, where microscopic offspring can avoid abundant benthic predators until settlement. However, at least four phyla of marine invertebrates (Annelida, Mollusca, Nemertea, and Platyhelminthes) deposit benthic egg capsules or masses. Often, these animals possess additional means to protect their young, including chemical or morphological defenses or nonrandom selection of deposition sites. Egg capsule deposition is the dominant reproductive strategy among gastropod molluscs, including the mud snail, Tritia obsoleta. In intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats in New England, the mud snail preferentially deposits egg capsules on blades of eelgrass (Zostera marina), a substrate that stands …