Life Sciences Commons^™

Ultrastructural Investigations Of The Bone And Fibrous Connective Tissue Interface With Endosteal Dental Implants, David E. Steflik, Ralph V. Mckinney, Allen L. Sisk, David L. Koth, Baldev B. Singh, Gregory R. Parr

Scanning Microscopy

The interface between the tissues of the oral cavity and ceramic and titanium cylindrical endosteal dental implants was investigated with correlated light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This study suggested that mandibular bone can directly interface and form an intimate association with one-stage endosteal dental implants. This potential attachment matrix is composed of a composite of calcified bone, and an osteoid unmineralized matrix in association with an apparent osteogenic connective tissue. Further, results from this study suggested that at a level inferior to the junctional epithelium, and superior to the level of crestal bone, fibrous connective tissue …

Histomorphometric Analysis Of The Rat Proximal Tibial Metaphysis By “Linear Scanning”, R. G. Erben, B. Kohn, W. A. Rambeck, H. Zucker

Scanning Microscopy

Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats (10 weeks old, 200g BW) were either sham-operated (n = 6) or ovariectomized (ovx). Ovx rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 6 each) : ovx; ovx + 1,25(OH) ₂D₃; ovx + l,25(OH)₂D₃ + 1,24,25(OH)₃D₃. The vitamin D metabolites were fed orally starting the day after surgery. After 7 weeks all rats were sacrificed and the proximal tibiae were processed undecalcified for quantitative histomorphometry. Conventional histomorphometric analysis of the distal zone (> 1 mm from the growth cartilage) of the tibial metaphysis revealed a dramatic …

Incorporation And Degradation Of Hydroxyapatite Implants Of Different Surface Roughness And Surface Structure In Bone, C. M. Müller-Mai, C. Voigt, U. Gross

Scanning Microscopy

The interface of dense hydroxyapatite (HA) implants with different surface roughnesses was investigated after implantation into the spongy bone of the distal femur of rabbits by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) following transverse fractures in the interface. Each implant displayed considerable changes in surface morphology caused by leaching (increasing pore diameter), corrosion (particulate disintegration), and active resorption by osteoclasts. Macrophages were involved in "cleaning" the surface via phagocytosis of loose implant particles. Newly formed surface elevations provided adhesion points for fibers and fibrils. Subsequent mineralization of these areas stabilized the interdigitation of surface elevations and extracellular …

Reproducible Method For Calibrating The Backscattered Electron Signal For Quantitative Assessment Of Mineral Content In Bone, T. M. Boyce, R. D. Bloebaum, K. N. Bachus, J. G. Skedros

Scanning Microscopy

Backscattered electron (BSE) imaging shows promise for orthopaedic and bone research. BSE images of bone may be captured on-line directly from the scanning electron microscope (SEM), and then analyzed to produce a backscattered electron profile (BSEP), a modified image graylevel histogram which is representative of the mineral content in bone. The goals of this work were 1) develop a reproducible graylevel calibration technique for bone specimens, and 2) determine a conservative time interval during which SEM operating conditions would remain stable.

Calibration standards containing pure aluminum and pure magnesium wires were placed in the SEM with human cancellous bone. Baseline …

Scanning And Transmission Electron Microscopy, And Electron Probe Analysis Of The Interface Between Implants And Host Bone, G. Daculsi, R. Z. Legeros, C. Deudon

Scanning Microscopy

Bioinert materials (e.g., alumina implants) and bioactive ceramics (e.g., calcium phosphate ceramics, glass -ceramics) are now extensively used in dentistry. However, the physico-chemical interactions at the interfaces between the implant and the host bone are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to define the interactions at these interfaces using a combination of analytical techniques: light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray microradiography, X-ray diffraction, and infrared specstroscopy.

Bioinert (pure titanium) and bioactive materials (hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate and biphasic calcium phosphate) were implanted in dogs, and the implants, recovered after various periods of implantation, were …