Life Sciences Commons^™

Managing A Multi-Forage Rotational Stocking Unit Without Farming Equipment And With The Addition Of Economical Fringe Benefits, R L. Dalrymple, B C. Flatt, F W. Dobbs, J A. Barrick

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A specialized introduced forage rotational stocking grazing unit was managed without usual grassland farming equipment and with various alternative management and production techniques as fringe benefits. The forage production techniques have been successful for many years. Livestock production and economic perimeters have been average to above average. The greatest sold beef yield has been 713 pounds of beef per acre. That is excellent considering the low-capital overhead management style of the unit.

Cynodon Dactylon Control In Conservation Tillage Systems, A Rios, J M. Sanz

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. PERS.) is the most important weed in Uruguay. With the development of conservation tillage systems, chemical control of bermudagrass becomes essential. The objective of this research was to evaluate, in a long term integrated program, bermudagrass chemical control during the first year of a pasture. Application of glyphosate and no-tillage seeding of the pasture took place during fall. A 70% reduction of underground part of the weed was detected. The chemical control, together with a conservation tillage system and an adequate pasture management allowed an important reduction in bermudagrass level for the first year pasture. …

Stockpiling Perennial Warm-Season Grasses: Bermudagrass Example, J. A. Jennings, K. J. Simon

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Winter feeding is the largest expense of maintaining a beef herd in terms of money and time. Stockpiled bermudagrass is an effective practice for reducing winter feeding expenses and extending the grazing season. Stockpiling forage is the practice of accumulating forage growth intended for grazing in a later season. In Arkansas, bermudagrass is stockpiled from early August to late October and is grazed from late October through mid-December. Rainfall during late summer can be erratic with high risk of drought stress, but an early start date maximizes the opportunity for acceptable stockpiled forage yield. Therefore, stockpiling bermudagrass should begin by …

In Vitro Methane Production From Heifers Offered Four Bermudagrass Cultivars, A. R. Hines, W. G. Bergen, M. K. Mullenix, S. L. Dillard, T. R. Callaway, W. B. Smith

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Though bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) is one of the predominant warm-season perennial forage supporting the southeastern United States livestock production systems, little is known about its influence on parameters of ruminal metabolism, including carbon loss as methane. With the multitude of cultivars of this grass that have been developed and released, one may question whether the physiological cultivar differences will manifest varying results in digestive efficiency and subsequent methane emissions. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro methane (CH4) production as influenced by four bermudagrass cultivars. Ruminally-fistulated heifers (n = 4) were assigned randomly …

Growth Characteristics Of Ecotype Superior Line Of Bermudagrass And Development Of Its Rdna Markers, Y. W. Rim, K. Y. Kim, M. J. Kim, B. R. Sung, Y. C. Lim, E. S. Chung

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Interest in turfgrass has steadily increased in Korea since the 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup . Use of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica L.) has been limited due to its slow recovery, low shoot density, short green period and low wear tolerance during dormancy (Lee et. al., 1999). Bermudagrass has high quality and fast recovery, but has low cold tolerance (Richardson et. al., 1978). This research compared the growth characteristics of a superior line of bermudagrass, named as Joyspy with other standard cultivars and to develop its rDNA markers.

Effect Of Supplementation On Performance And Faecal Particle Size Distribution For Yearling Horses And Weaned Calves Grazing Coastal Bermudagrass, F. M. Rouquette Jr., K. N. Grigsby, D. K. Hansen, G. D. Potter, W. C. Ellis

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Supplements are often fed, especially to horses, without realistic expectations of the magnitude of performance response nor knowledge of biological or economic efficiencies of supplementation. The objectives of this experiment were to compare performance of weaned calves vs yearling horses grazing 'Coastal' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers] (COS) pastures with and without a protein-energy supplement, and to assess faecal particle size distribution for both calves and horses to document digesta dynamics.

Economic Injury Level For Bermudagrass Stem Maggot (Diptera: Muscidae) In Bermudagrass Forage Production In Texas, V. Corriher-Olson, A. Knutson, F. Mitchell

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The bermudagrass stem maggot, Atherigona reversura Villeneuve, was first reported damaging bermudagrass Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers grown for forage in 2010 in the southeastern US. Damage results from individual larvae feeding internally on the vascular tissue just above the terminal node of the grass stem. Damage slows plant growth and reduces forage accumulation. To address the need for economic guidelines to manage this new pest, the relationship between the percent of stems damaged by bermudagrass stem maggot and forage yield was measured in commercial bermudagrass hay fields in northcentral Texas during 2016 and 2017. The slope of the linear regression, …

Dairy Cow Performance On Pasture-Based Feeding Systems And In Confinement, Renato S. Fontaneli, Lynn E. Sollenberger, C. R. Staples

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Interest in grazing systems is growing among farmers in the USA as a means of reducing feed costs for lactating dairy cows. An experiment was conducted near Gainesville, FL to compare milk production and composition and milk income minus feed costs from two pasture-based systems with those of a conventional confinement housing system over a 276-d period. System 1 was based on a mixture of rye (Secale cereale L.), annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) during the winter-spring seasons and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] …

Spring Regrowth And Steer Performance On Tifton 85 And Coastal Bermudagrass Pastures Following Sod-Seeding With Ryegrass, G. M. Hill, R. N. Gates

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Effects of autumn sod-seeded ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum; cv. Passerel; 37.7 kg/ha) in bermudagrass pastures (Cynodon spp.; cv. Coastal and cv. Tifton 85) on grazing steer performance were determined. Ryegrass was sod-seeded in three of six .81 ha pastures of each bermudagrass. Forage height was adjusted to10 cm during spring. Stocking rates were unaffected by ryegrass in Tifton 85 pastures, but they were higher (P < .05) for Tifton 85 than Coastal. Ryegrass increased tester steer average daily gains by 34% (.86 vs .64 kg/day; P < .01), and gain/ha by 26% (387 vs 306 kg/ha; P < .05). Higher stocking rates resulted in 22% more grazing days (515 vs 421 days/ha; P < .01), and 30% higher gain/ha (391 vs 301 kg/ha; P < .05) for Tifton 85 than Coastal pastures. Ryegrass did not affect stocking rates or steer performance on Tifton 85, but it depressed both on Coastal pastures.

Moving Warm-Season Forage Bermudagrass (Cynodon Sp.) Into Temperate Regions Of North America, W. F. Anderson, L. Baxter, D. Hancock, R. N. Gates, Esteban F. Rios

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Warm-season (C4) perennial grasses are grown over millions of hectares in the Southeastern United States. These grasses produce optimal growth at 30 to 38°C diurnal temperature. Bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) has been adopted as the preferred forage for many livestock and hay producers. Compared to other native and introduced warm-season perennial grass species, improved bermudagrass varieties produce high biomass with enhanced digestibility for ruminant grazing or feed. Until the 1930’s pastures in the region consisted of unimproved ‘common’ bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) that had been introduced earlier. However, in the early 20^th century, new germplasm, including stargrass …

Extended Daylength To Increase Fall/Winter Yields Of Warm-Season Perennial Grasses, P. Mislevy, T. R. Sinclair, J. D. Ray

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Low forage production in fall/winter months is a severe limitation for dairy and beef cattle producers in the southeastern U.S. It was hypothesized that shrt daylengths during these months induce a physiological dormancy in grasses. Four grasses [Pensacola bahiagrass, Paspalum notatum Flugge; Tifton 85 and Florakirk bermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.); Florona stargrass, C. nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis] were subjected to extended daylengths during the winter/fall months in a field test. Pensacola bahiagrass and Tifton 85 bermudagrass showed especially dramatic increases in forage yield during the fall/winter season under the extended daylength. Genetic elimination of daylength sensitivity in these grasses …

Grazing Intensity And Frequency Effects On Herbage Accumulation And Nutritive Value Of Tifton 85 Bermudagrass (Cynodon Sp.), Kesi Liu, Lynn E. Sollenberger, U. Renée White, Y. C. Newman, Joao M. B. Vendramini

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Correlation Analyses Of Seed Yield And Its Components In Bermudagrass, Yanqi Wu, C. M. Taliaferro, D. L. Martin, J. A. Anderson, M. P. Anderson

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Genetic Diversity Of Seven Xinjiang Bermudagrass--Isozyme Electrophoretic Patterns, Abulaiti, Peiying Li, Zongjiu Sun

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Study On Inter-Species Competition In Mix-Sowing Community Of White Clover And Bermudagrass, H. Tian, Y. Liu, H. Cai, H. Zhang

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2019-04], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Register today for the Kentucky Grazing School
• Fencing School spaces still open in Burkesville and Russellville
• More Stuff Not in the Book
• Simplifying Grain Drill Calibration
• New Mandatory Paraquat Training Requirements for Applicators
• Grass-Fed and -Finished Beef Production & Marketing: an OAK Field Day - May 2, 2019

Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Formulation Effect On Grass-Legume Pasture Productivity, Kathryn Marie Payne

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is generally restricted on mixed species forage systems due to its stimulatory effect on grasses which increases competition with legume species. Reduced legume growth from this competition can compromise forage nutritive value and prospective yields. The controlled-release nature of several enhanced efficiency fertilizer N products holds the potential to improve legume persistence in mixed species pastures while providing supplemental N required by the grass component. The studies contained in this dissertation evaluated the effect of different enhanced efficiency N formulations (ATU, ESN, methylene urea, SuperU, and a 75% ESN: 25% urea blend) and untreated …

Urea Formulations On The Productivity Of Bermudagrass And Bermudagrass-White Clover Pastures, Caitlin Timberlake

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) is a perennial warm-season grass that is very responsive to nitrogen (N) fertilization. Excessive N applications have negative environmental consequences and make maintaining mixed swards difficult. This study determined the effects of enhanced efficiency (EE) N fertilizers and fertilizer rate on bermudagrass yields, nutritive values, and white clover persistence. Nitrogen sources included urea, urea formulated with Agrotain^® (U+A), urea with Agrotain^® and dicyandiamide (SuperU), a polymer-coated urea (ESN), ESN+urea (75% ESN, 25% urea), and methylene urea (MU). In the urea formulation trial, SuperU and U+A maximized forage yields at lower N rates. The …

Forage News [2011-10], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 12th Kentucky Grazing Conference
• Frost Approaching: Beware of Prussic Acid!
• KFGC Field Day
• Don't Overgraze Warm-Season Grasses
• Freeze Tolerance of Forage Bermudagrass
• Performance by Spring and Fall-Calving Cows Grazing with Full Access, or No Access to Toxic, Wild-Type Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue - 3-Year Summary
• The Determination of Switchgrass Growth Curves
• Chemical Suppression of Seedhead Emergence in Toxic Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue for Improving Cattle WEight Gain and Physiology
• Reducing Feed Costs with Grazing Management

Forage News [2009-10], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 10th Kentucky Grazing Conference
• 30th "Anniversary" Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• KFGC Update
• Growing Alfalfa in the South
• Effects of a Freeze on Forages
• Grazing and Eliminative Behavior of Horses Grazing Bermudagrass
• Spatial Distribution of Livestock Concentration Areas and Soil Nutrients in Pastures
• Effect if Humate Application on the Forage Yield and Quality of Bermudagrass and Tall Fescue
• Effect of Repeated or One-Time Grazing of Kudzu by Sheep and Goats in Central Georgia
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2009-08], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC Field Day is September 3
• Forage Spokesman Nominations
• UK All Commosity Field Day
• Charles Powell National Hay Winner
• Check 2008 Variety Trial Reports Before Buying Seed
• What Does the Intensive in Intensive Grazing Mean
• Grazing and Eliminative Behavior of Horses Grazing Bermudagrass
• Results of the 1st Year for a Grazing Evaluation of KYFA9302 Tall Fescue, With and Without the AR584 Novel Endophyte
• Cutting Ash Content
• Late Summer Nitrogen Applications to Pastures - Will They Pay This Year?
• Upcoming Events

Trinexapac-Ethyl And Overseeding Effects On Shear Strength And Tolerance To Simulated Traffic Of Four Bermudagrass Cultivars Grown On A Sand-Based System, Michael Todd Deaton

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) is often used for athletic fields due to its wear tolerance and recuperative ability. Studies were conducted May 2007 through November 2008 in Lexington, Kentucky. The cultivars ‘Quickstand’, ‘Tifway’, ‘Riviera’, and ‘Yukon’ grown in a sand-based medium were used to investigate differences in wear tolerance and shear strength. Trinexapac-ethyl (TE) was applied at label rates and frequencies or untreated. Overseeding treatments were perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) at 0, 612, and 1225 kg PLS ha^-1. Traffic treatments were applied with a Brinkman traffic simulator 3 d wk-1 August through October. Shear tests …

Forage News [2004-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 24^TH Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• Forages at KCA Proceedings Available On-Line
• Forage Variety Information Available
• Spring Grazing School
• Improving Forage Systems is Focus of Northeast Kentucky Program
• What is Quality Worth?
• KFGC Election Results
• Bermudagrass Update
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2002-06], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome Update
• Bermudagrass Test in West Kentucky
• Minnesota to Host Forage Conference
• Date Set for “Heart of America Grazing Conference”
• Hay Probe Listing
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2000-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC President’s Corner
• Nitrogen on Pastures
• UK College of Agriculture Wants Your Comments
• Bermudagrass Establishment: What Does It Cost?
• 20^TH Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• Upcoming Events

Managing Spring Dead Spot Of Bermudagrass, Paul C. Vincelli, David Williams

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Spring dead spot is the most destructive disease of bermudagrass in Kentucky. The most serious outbreaks occur under high maintenance conditions; e.g., high nitrogen fertility, low mowing height, and frequent traffic. Moderate to severe outbreaks can occur under low-maintenance conditions as well.

High levels of resistance to spring dead spot in bermudagrass varieties have not yet been demonstrated experimentally. Limited data suggest that those varieties with best winter hardiness are somewhat less susceptible to the disease. To date, no confirmed cases of spring dead spot have been documented in “Quickstand” bermudagrass, which may indicate that this variety will suffer less …