Life Sciences Commons^™

Hotbeds For Transplant Production, George A. Duncan, C. R. Roberts

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

High-dollar-per-acre vegetable crops such as tomatoes, cabbage, and peppers can be an income booster for many Kentuckians.

To be successful on the early market, vegetable seed must be sown from mid-January to mid-March. But, Kentucky weather is too cold for the plants' survival then. Until recently, growers either had to ship plants in from the south or grow their own locally in some type of heated greenhouse.

Unfortunately, finding high-quality, disease-free plants of the desired quantity and variety at the proper time in the south has proven difficult. Likewise, all growers do not have the capital to invest in greenhouse …

Efficiency Of Nitrogen Use With Corn On A Tiled And Untiled Soil, Lloyd W. Murdock, John Kavanaugh, Harold F. Miller, Grant Thomas, Monroe Rasnake

Agronomy Notes

Excessive water is one of the largest contributors to the inefficient use of nitrogen in Kentucky. Because of this, nitrogen is often lost by both leaching and,denitrification. The amount, of these losses can be great depending on soil type and weather. Well-drained soils in Kentucky have been shown to lose less nitrogen than poorly drained soils. The nitrogen lost from well drained soils is usually due, to leaching. The nitrogen in the soil, even soon after applying non-nitrate forms of fertilizer N, is mostly in the water soluble nitrate form. When more water falls onto a well-drained soil than the …

Tomato Wilt Problems, William C. Nesmith, John Hartman

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Verticillium albo-atrum are two fungi that cause similar wilt diseases in tomato. Fusarium is more common in replant fields and gardens while Verticillium has been destructive on greenhouse tomatoes and in commerical stake tomatoes. Verticillium wilt is more of a problem at cooler temperatures while Fusarium wilt is considered a warm temperature disease. Both are favored by wet conditions.

Some Variations In Distribution Of Fishes In Large Mainstream Reservoirs Associated With Artificial Cover, Donald W. Johnson, Elizabeth M. Choinski

KWRRI Research Reports

The influence of artificial cover (brush piles) on fish populations in Kentucky Lake and Lake Barkley was studied. Mature and larval fishes were collected from deep and shallow sites with and without cover in a bay of each lake. Highest densities of mature crappie, bass, and sauger were found adjacent to deep attractors, while larval crappie and minnows were most concentrated at shallow brush piles. Shad (both adult and larvae) were not congregated at attractor sites. Information gathered supports the continuation of artificial cover installation and water level management procedures which will provide high and stable levels through spring spawning …

Silk Clipping Insects On Corn, Lee H. Townsend, Morris J. Bitzer

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Silk clipping insects like the corn rootworm beetle and the Japanese beetle feed on the green silks of corn plants and are most active during the plant's flowering stage. Damage from these insects can cause reduced kernel set and yield if significant silk clipping occurs during the critical pollination period. This publication has been prepared to help you evaluate corn fields during this period and to help you determine whether insecticide application is necessary to protect the corn silks from these beetle populations during pollination.

Response Of Soybean Cultivars To Postemergence Herbicides, James R. Martin, W. W. Witt

Agronomy Notes

The acreage of soybeans treated with postemergence herbicides for broadleaf weed control has increased over the past few years. This trend has occurred because of inconsistent control of cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr), giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.), and morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. and Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth) with soil applied herbicides.

Sucker Control Chemicals For Use On Burley Tobacco, W. O. Atkinson, Jones H. Smiley, Allen Wallace

Agronomy Notes

Maleic hydrazide (MH) formulations containing 3 pounds per gallon of active ingredient can no longer be manufactured for sale in the United States. However, all 3-pound MH formulations that were manufactured before October, 1981 can be sold until the supply of that formulation is exhausted. MH formulations containing 1.5 or 2.25 pounds of active ingredient (Potassium salt of MH) can still be manufactured and sold in the U.S. for controlling suckers on tobacco.

Method For Improving The Metabolic Stability And Survival Of Newborn Pigs, Tim S. Stahly

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Patents

The disclosed invention concerns improving the metabolic stability of newborn pigs and increasing their survival rate by administering to a pregnant sow during its late stages of gestation an effective amount of a material selected from the group consisting of a dihydroxy alkanol having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a triglyceride of glycerol and fatty acids containing 8 to 12 carbon atoms and the mono-and diol esters of said alkanols and said fatty acids.

Bean Diseases, William C. Nesmith, John Hartman

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Viruses can cause serious damage to Kentucky bean plantings. More than one virus is often involved but bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) seems to be most frequently observed.

Comparative Effectiveness Of Urea, Ammonium Nitrate, And Urea Ammonium Polyphosphate On Fescue Production, Lloyd W. Murdock

Agronomy Notes

In the past, nitrogen (N) fertilizers used on grass pastures in Kentucky have largely been ammoniated phosphates in mixed fertilizers and ammonium nitrate. Due to the economic advantage of producing solid urea as opposed to ammonium nitrate, availability of urea is becoming greater and, in some areas, is the only source of solid nitrogen. If urea is not incorporated into the soil immediately after application, some of the nitrogen may be lost as ammonia gas. The loss is called volatilization. The amount of loss depends on a number of conditions. High soil and air temperatures and a moist soil which …

Eastern Black Nightshade, L. G. Rodrigue, W. W. Witt, Charles H. Slack, J. R. Martin

Agronomy Notes

The nightshade species of North America consist of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.), American black nightshade (Solanum americanum Mill.), hairy nightshade (Solanum surrachoides Sendt.) and eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum Dun.). Eastern black nightshade is a problem weed in many soybean producing areas and is the predominant problem nightshade in Kentucky. In addition to field crops, the nightshades are also problem weeds in canning peas (Pisum sativum L.), field beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) and tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Previously, most nightshades in Kentucky have been referred to as black nightshade. It is now known that black …

The Aquatic Toxicity Of Organic Compounds To Embryo-Larval Stages Of Fish And Amphibians, Jeffrey A. Black, Wesley J. Birge, Willaim E. Mcdonnell, Albert G. Westerman, Barbara A. Ramey, Donald M. Bruser

KWRRI Research Reports

Aquatic toxicity tests were conducted on 11 organic compounds considered hazardous to water resources. The toxicity of each compound was evaluated using embryo-larval stages of two to eight fish and amphibian species. Exposure was initiated at fertilization and maintained through 4 days posthatching. The animal test species exhibited varying degrees of sensitivity to the selected toxicants. Combined frequencies for mortality and teratogenesis at 4 days posthatching gave LC₅₀ ranges of 3.66 to 8.25 mg/L for benzene, 1.16 to 22.42 mg/L for carbon tetrachloride, 0.11 to 1.20 mg/L for chlorobenzene, 2.03 to > 68 mg/L for chloroform, 3.01 to 5.56 mg/L …

Sunlight Induced Movement Of Planktonic Organisms And Their Relationships To Water Movements, John Calkins, Ed Colley, Jay Wallingford, Carol Hulsey, Kathy Lohr, Marc Bolling

KWRRI Research Reports

Previous studies have shown the planktonic organisms of various natural water bodies to be quite sensitive to the levels of solar ultraviolet radiation incident at the water surface in summer. It has been assumed that the majority of the phytoplankton are simply carried about in the mass of the water which they inhabit with little control of their position or sunlight exposure. Photosynthetic microorganisms must strike a delicate balance with regard to solar radiation; they must obtain enough visible light for adequate photosynthesis while avoiding an excessive exposure to the injurious solar UV-B radiation.

It is proposed that the circulation …

Alfalfa, White Clover, And Red Clover Variety Trials, Roy E. Sigafus, Norman L. Taylor, Garry D. Lacefield, J. Kenneth Evans

Agronomy Notes

This note is a brief summary of results obtained in 1981 from one white clover, five alfalfa, and three red clover trials. Yields in the seeding year, and from the first full year of production thereafter, are not the best estimate of the full potential of most forage legumes. The third season stand and yield are a good measure of persistency with red clover and white clover. At times it may be the fourth or fifth season with alfalfa before stands begin to thin.

To supply information on the best varieties available there is a continuous monitoring of new varieties …

Effect Of Herbicides On Performance Of Aerobic Dairy Lagoons, John D. Bottom, Joseph L. Taraba

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The herbicides glyphosate, bromacil, and dalapon were assessed for their affect on the oxygen uptake of microorganisms from an aerated dairy lagoon at 20 °C. The maximum recommended addition of herbicide active ingerdient to a lagoon is: glyphosate (isopropyl amino salt)—0.42 mg/L; bromacil—3.70 mg/L; and dalapon (85.8 percent Na salt and 14.2 percent Mg salt)—1.95 mg/L. In addition, microorganism isolates from the aerobic dairy lagoon were incubated under aerobic and anerobic conditions at room temperature to assess the effects of the herbicides. Under aerobic incubation, it was found that neither herbicide type nor herbicide concentration affected isolate growth. Under anaerobic …

Vertical Wall Loads In A Model Grain Bin, S. A. Thompson, I. J. Ross, John N. Walker, Larry G. Wells

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Simulation Of Burley Tobacco Harvesting-Housing Systems, Ronald L. Bingner, Larry G. Wells, Thomas C. Bridges, George A. Duncan

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A computer model has been developed using systems analysis techniques to simulate the labor and equipment aspects of harvesting burley tobacco. By varying the parameters of the model the user can determine a harvesting and housing strategy based on labor and equipment availability.

Temperature And Humidity Prediction In A Burley Curing Facility, Thomas C. Bridges, Linus R. Walton, Larry G. Wells, I. J. Ross

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.