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Articles 1 - 30 of 97
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Development Of A Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (Nirs) Platform For Rapid Wheat Quality Analysis, Lily Schimke
Development Of A Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (Nirs) Platform For Rapid Wheat Quality Analysis, Lily Schimke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Wheat is a valuable cereal grain in terms of its growability, versatility, and multifunctional nutritional components. Research into the genetic characteristics and growing conditions of the grain is advantageous to wheat breeders, farmers, food scientists, food processors, and consumers. Optimizing the quality of the wheat grain is important to yielding a crop with the most desirable traits. Analytically obtaining data on the quality attributes of wheat is a lengthy and resource intensive process. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technology is rapid, cost-effective, and a powerful analytical tool that can be harnessed to create predictive calibrations for estimations of wheat parameters. …
Characterization Of Bacterial Endophytes Isolated From Brassica Carinata And Their Potential Use To Decrease Nutrient Requirements In Crops, Alex Soupir
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bacterial endophytes have the capability to enhance plant growth by producing plant growth hormones, solubilizing phosphates, suppressing pathogenic fungi, and reducing plant stress hormones. These capabilities make them desirable limiting the amount of nutrients and pesticides that are applied to crops. Through these assays and isolations, it is possible to identify novel bacterial species. In-vitro testing had shown 9 of the 20 isolates possess the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) with Pantoea agglomerans BC09 producing a concentration of 30.2 ng/μl over 4 days. BC09, Bacillus subilis BC10, and Pantoea sp. BC12 were able to solubilize calcium phosphate, 7 endophytes …
In Situ Analysis Of Line-1 Promoter Activity Using Lacz Transgenic Mice, Partha Sarathi Saha
In Situ Analysis Of Line-1 Promoter Activity Using Lacz Transgenic Mice, Partha Sarathi Saha
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Apart from an evolutionary role, transposable elements have been implicated in animal development and also in pathophysiology. Non-LTR retrotransposons– LINE-1, Alu and SVA - are responsible for over 120 cases of human genetic diseases as heritable insertions, and are emerging as an important etiological factor for cancer and neurological disorders as somatic mutations. It is estimated that among the total number of 500,000 LINE-1s presents in the human genome, 80-100 LINE-1s remain competent for retrotransposition. Retrotransposition is only possible when LINE-1 is expressed. Because LINE-1 transcription is regulated by its 5’UTR promoter, it is essential to understand the spatiotemporal control …
The Role And Molecular Mechanisms Of Wss1 In Preserving Genomic Stability, Daniel Kwesi Sam
The Role And Molecular Mechanisms Of Wss1 In Preserving Genomic Stability, Daniel Kwesi Sam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cells are constantly under threat from both exogenous and endogenous sources of DNA damage. Eukaryotic organisms, however, possess conserved mechanisms that accurately and faithfully respond to DNA damage. The inability to effectively remove DNA lesions can lead to an accumulation of mutations which can compromise cellular viability. The DNA damage response is conserved from bacteria to eukaryotic organisms and have been well characterized, however, how covalently crosslinked proteins are removed from DNA remains enigmatic This thesis provides genetic and biochemical evidence implicating Wss1, a yeast metalloprotease in genome maintenance. We have identified SUMOylation to be an important signal that mediates …
Fishes Of The Dakotas, Kathryn Schlafke
Fishes Of The Dakotas, Kathryn Schlafke
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Biological reference materials play a critical role in studies of species biodiversity, biology, distribution, and historic diversity. Since the publications Fishes of North Dakota (Hankinson, 1929) and Fishes of South Dakota (Bailey and Allum, 1962), no new books have attempted to update the knowledge gained from the past decades of fish surveys and incorporate georeferenced collections at the state level. The last published book with the most complete accounts of fishes from North Dakota and South Dakota is the Distribution of Fishes in North and South Dakota Basins affected by the Garrison Diversion Unit (Owen et al. 1981) which includes …
Optimization Of Conditions For Heat Pretreatment And Enzymatic Predigestion Of Ddgs For Pigs, Kevin Jerez-Bogota
Optimization Of Conditions For Heat Pretreatment And Enzymatic Predigestion Of Ddgs For Pigs, Kevin Jerez-Bogota
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The high fiber content of corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS) can limit its utilization in swine diets. Pretreatment with heat and enzymatic predigestion of whole stillage (WS; slurry material that is dried into DDGS) can alleviate negative effects of dietary fiber and can improve digestive and fermentation characteristics of the feedstuff. However, optimal time and temperature of the heat pretreatment of WS, and best enzymes for predigestion of WS have not been identified. Experiments were conducted to identify optimal conditions for heat pretreatment and multienzyme predigestion of WS for pigs. First experiment was conducted to identify optimal temperature …
Crop Rotations And Cover Crops Influences On Soil Biochemical Properties, Root Characteristics And Economic Performance, Hanxiao Feng
Crop Rotations And Cover Crops Influences On Soil Biochemical Properties, Root Characteristics And Economic Performance, Hanxiao Feng
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Introducing cover crops (CC) and increasing crop diversity in agricultural systems are beneficial in improving the soil health and crop production. However, limited research has been conducted that focuses the influence of CC and crop rotation on soil ecosystem, root growth and development, crop production, and economic returns. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the impacts of CC management on soil enzyme activities and soil microbial community structure changes, (ii) evaluate the crop rotation management on crop root growth and development, nutrient storage in crop grain and biomass, and crop yield, and (iii) investigate the crop rotation …
Evaluation Of Fall-Seeded Cover Crops For Grassland Nesting Waterfowl In Eastern South Dakota, Charles W. Gallman Iii
Evaluation Of Fall-Seeded Cover Crops For Grassland Nesting Waterfowl In Eastern South Dakota, Charles W. Gallman Iii
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Prairie Pothole Region is the primary breeding ground for many species of North American waterfowl. This landscape was historically dominated by mixed and tallgrass prairies interspersed with wetlands, but >70% of native grassland area has been lost due to widespread conversion to croplands, which may threaten waterfowl production. Cover cropping is a re-emerging farming technique that may provide suitable nesting cover for grassland nesting waterfowl on active farmlands. My research objectives were to evaluate the utility of fall-seeded cover crops to breeding waterfowl compared to perennial cover, determine if cover crops in rotation with row crops can successfully support …
Predicting Farinograph Stability Of Wheat Flour With Mixograph And Glutomatic Tests, Brooke Shumate
Predicting Farinograph Stability Of Wheat Flour With Mixograph And Glutomatic Tests, Brooke Shumate
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; HRSW) flour is typically used to produce wheat-based foods where dough strength is a key quality component. Maintaining acceptable levels of dough strength is an important goal in the development of new HRSW cultivars. In a commercial setting, dough strength is often measured as Farinograph stability, though due to various resource constraints, stability is often predicted in breeding programs via other methods like the Mixograph. The objective of this research was to combine Glutomatic with Mixograph data to determine whether Farinograph stability predictions might be improved over the use of Mixograph data …
Bedding Application And Increasing Dosage Of Trenbolone Acetate And Estradiol In Implants For Beef Steers: Influence On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Circulating Metabolite Responses, Dathan T. Smerchek
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Three randomized complete block design feedlot experiments were conducted over the course of two years. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of bedding use in confined beef steers. The third experiment evaluated the effects of implants containing increasing doses of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol benzoate (EB) in confined beef steers. Experiment 1 used Simmental × Angus steers (n = 240; initial body weight (BW) = 365 ± 22.5 kg). Experiment 2 used newly weaned Charolais × Red Angus steers (n = 162; initial BW = 278 ± 13.4 kg). Steers were allotted to 1 of 2 treatments: …
Crispr/Cas9 Whole Genome Screens Reveal Novel Regulators Of Endocytic Processes In Macrophages, Jared Wollman
Crispr/Cas9 Whole Genome Screens Reveal Novel Regulators Of Endocytic Processes In Macrophages, Jared Wollman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Macrophages maintain tissue homeostasis by identifying and eliminating threats within their tissue microenvironment. Pattern recognition receptors allow macrophages to recognize and internalize specific ligands while macropinocytosis allows the internalization of all extracellular solutes from their environment. Without pattern recognition receptors, pathogens may grow unchecked if they cannot be detected, and without macropinocytosis, macrophages struggle to detect and move around their environment. This thesis presents the results of CRISPR/Cas9 whole-genome screens used to identify the regulators of both endocytosis (Chapter 2) and macropinocytosis (Chapter 3). In Chapter 2, we report genes regulating dextran uptake in primary murine macrophages and reveal Mrc1-mediated …
Use Of Unmanned Aerial System (Uas) For High Throughput Evaluation Of Forage Yield In Oat Breeding Nurseries, Prakriti Sharma
Use Of Unmanned Aerial System (Uas) For High Throughput Evaluation Of Forage Yield In Oat Breeding Nurseries, Prakriti Sharma
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Current strategies for phenotyping (for traits like biomass) numerous breeding lines under field conditions demand significant investment in both time and labor. Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) can be used to collect vegetation indexes (VI) with high throughput and could provide an efficient way to predict forage yield in breeding nurseries with accuracy. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the use of VIs derived from UAV collected images for estimating crop biomass. For this study, forage trials consisting of 35 oat genotypes were carried out at three locations in 2018 and four locations in 2019. Unmanned aerial vehicles …
Effects Of Particle Size Of Distillers Dried Grains And Increased Levels Of Flour Enrichment - A Study Of Nutritional Composition, Rheology, And Quality Of Fiber And Protein Enriched Bread, Patra Nwamaka Akaya
Effects Of Particle Size Of Distillers Dried Grains And Increased Levels Of Flour Enrichment - A Study Of Nutritional Composition, Rheology, And Quality Of Fiber And Protein Enriched Bread, Patra Nwamaka Akaya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Physiological Responses To Feeding A Yeast Culture Supplement To Transition Dairy Cows, Nathaly Ana Carpinelli
Physiological Responses To Feeding A Yeast Culture Supplement To Transition Dairy Cows, Nathaly Ana Carpinelli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The transition period is the dynamic stage in the lactation cycle, where the most metabolic changes can occur. The use of nutritional strategies, such as yeast culture, can help cows during the transition from pregnancy to early lactation, improving health and decreasing the incidence of metabolic disorders. The first objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of a commercial yeast culture product (YC; Cellerate Culture Classic HD, Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ) on performance, blood biomarkers, and rumen fermentation and bacterial population in dairy cows during the transition period through 50 days in milk (DIM). Overall, the results …
Single Droplet Drying Technology For The Optimization Of The Dairy Ingredients With Best Quality And Functionality, Hiral Narendrabhai Vora
Single Droplet Drying Technology For The Optimization Of The Dairy Ingredients With Best Quality And Functionality, Hiral Narendrabhai Vora
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As a result of their extended shelf-life, dried dairy ingredients constitute a significant category produced for global markets. During the development of dairy ingredients, several drying trials are typically conducted to determine optimum drying conditions. The results of these trials can be critical in determining optimum dryer design. However, these trials can be expensive and time-consuming. An alternative that has recently been developed using a new technique called single droplet drying (SDD). The SDD technique involves a single droplet suspended on the tip of a glass filament, where changes in droplet diameter, mass, and temperature are measured during drying. SDD …
Biodegradable Cellulose Films As Alternatives To Plastics, Cecilia Wambui Wanjuu
Biodegradable Cellulose Films As Alternatives To Plastics, Cecilia Wambui Wanjuu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Plastics are versatile and have desirable packaging characteristics such as flexibility, durability, and affordability. The production of plastics has increased over the years resulting in concerns about their single-usage and disposal. Since plastics are nonbiodegradable, they have been associated with detrimental health impacts due to the leaching chemicals from the landfills and their accumulation in the natural and marine environment. Cellulose obtained from agricultural residues is a viable substitute because of its low density, biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and a strong and stiff structure. However, the extraction of cellulose has been less exploited because of its insolubility in water and …
Determining The Effects Of Plant Extracts And Saltro Nematicide On Hatching, Mortality And Reproduction Of The Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera Glycines), Bishnu Prasad Dhital
Determining The Effects Of Plant Extracts And Saltro Nematicide On Hatching, Mortality And Reproduction Of The Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera Glycines), Bishnu Prasad Dhital
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is a microscopic worm that infects and feeds from the soybean roots, hence robbing the plant of nutrients, and entry wounds may facilitate other pathogens to infect the roots. Current SCN management practices include cultural, chemical, and biological methods. Cultural practices such as, crop rotation with non-host and different tillage practices are not efficient due to the persistent nature of SCN in the soil. Chemical nematicides, though effective, can be expensive, and some are not environmentally sound. SCN resistant soybean varieties are mainly derived from one source, PI 88788 and SCN population have already evolved to …
Enhanced Beta (Β) Glucan Beverages – Evaluation Of Satiety, Nutrition, And Shelf Stability, Beatrice Serwaa Manu
Enhanced Beta (Β) Glucan Beverages – Evaluation Of Satiety, Nutrition, And Shelf Stability, Beatrice Serwaa Manu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Oats and barley are unique cereals owing to their nutritional and health benefits. Soluble dietary fiber components, especially β-glucan found in both grains, have been associated with the reduction of cholesterol, normalization of blood sugar levels and suppression of hunger. These nutritional and therapeutic attributes are ideal for production of novel and more diversified food products from these cereals. β-glucan, however, imparts high viscosity in food systems particularly in high moisture foods, thus impairing their sensory characteristics. Reduced viscosity oat-barley beverages, using partial enzyme and acid hydrolysis, may fill a void in the market segment and yet serve as effective …
Profiling Transcription And Retrotransposition Of Mouse L1 Subfamilies, Lingqi Kong
Profiling Transcription And Retrotransposition Of Mouse L1 Subfamilies, Lingqi Kong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Transposable elements, also called jumping genes, comprise almost 45% of the human genome. In contrast, only 1% of the human genome is protein-coding sequences. The function and advantages of maintaining such massive copies of transposable elements in the human genome are still unclear. Long interspersed element 1 (L1), the most substantial group and the only active autonomous transposable element in the human genome, has revealed its unique roles in many diseases. The insertional mutagenesis induced by L1 retrotransposition events could threaten human genomic stability and generate unexpected mutations. L1 overexpression has been documented in both somatic and germline cells and, …
Identification And Genomic Characterization Of Candidate Starch And Lactate Utilizing Bacteria From The Rumen Of Beef Cattle, Venkata Bandarupalli
Identification And Genomic Characterization Of Candidate Starch And Lactate Utilizing Bacteria From The Rumen Of Beef Cattle, Venkata Bandarupalli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The rumen functions as an anaerobic fermentation chamber where microbial communities ferment feedstuffs into SCFAs. These SCFAs are critical to the ruminant host since they fulfill 70% of its energy requirements. In intensive management systems, ruminants are fed with grain-rich diets, which contain high levels of starch that help meet the energy demands of high producing animals. When grain-based diets are fed to ruminants, ruminal amylolytic and lactate metabolizing bacteria predominate. Grain overload can cause rapid production and accumulation of lactate, resulting in proliferation of amylolytic bacteria and death of lactate metabolizing bacteria. Consequently, high lactate levels result in a …
The Parmesan Cheese Model System: Alleviation Of Browning Defect In Parmesan Cheese, Megan Huegli Aubrey
The Parmesan Cheese Model System: Alleviation Of Browning Defect In Parmesan Cheese, Megan Huegli Aubrey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In cold temperature storage, Parmesan cheese can develop an undesirable browning defect. Certain pyrazine compounds converted from methylglyoxal have been identified and associated with the brown pigmentations in Parmesan cheese samples. This study focused on creating a cheese model system to study variables that caused browning and variables that helped reduce or alleviate browning. The cheese making steps for the cheese model system were monitored by measuring pH and TA and the final composition for % fat, % moisture, % salt and pH. Additionally, the cooling curve was studied to ensure all wheels of cheese made were cooled similarly. Cheese …
Developing Microbial Based Process To Produce High Value Natural Antimicrobial (Glyceollin) In Soybeans And Pullulan From Sucrose, Andrea Zavadil
Developing Microbial Based Process To Produce High Value Natural Antimicrobial (Glyceollin) In Soybeans And Pullulan From Sucrose, Andrea Zavadil
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Glyceollin is a secondary metabolite produced under stress conditions by soybean to act as a plant defender to pathogen attack. The antimicrobial nature of glyceollin makes it a promising natural alternative to antibiotics if incorporated into livestock feed. However, production of glyceollin is highly variable, dependent on soybean variety, and fungal elicitor used as inoculum. Our study compares two fungal spore elicitors, Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus sojae on soybeans of diverse maturity level, and fungal susceptibility to determine highest glyceollin titer. Spore inoculation with T. reesei elicited highest glyceollin titers of 2.42±0.20 mg/g at 120 h, while A. sojae elicited …
Phytoremediation Of Saline-Sodic Soils In East Central South Dakota Utilizing Perennial Grass Mixtures, Douglas J. Fiedler
Phytoremediation Of Saline-Sodic Soils In East Central South Dakota Utilizing Perennial Grass Mixtures, Douglas J. Fiedler
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Several decades of above average precipitation in South Dakota has increased the area of saline and sodic soils, which reduce crop yields and inhibit sensitive plant growth. Saline and sodic soils are difficult to remediate using traditional agricultural crops. Establishing salt tolerant perennial species may restore productivity to salt affected areas. Two perennial grass mixtures (mix 1: slender wheatgrass, beardless wildrye; mix 2: slender wheatgrass, western wheatgrass, green wheatgrass, creeping meadow foxtail) were dormant frost seeded along a topographic gradient in Clark Co., SD. Soils were Forman-Cresbard loam and a Cresbard-Cavour loam with surface electrical conductivity (EC1:1) that …
Crop Rotations, Tillage And Cover Crops Influences On Soil Health, Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Farm Profitability, Jasdeep Singh
Crop Rotations, Tillage And Cover Crops Influences On Soil Health, Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Farm Profitability, Jasdeep Singh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study assessed the effects of three levels of crop rotation: [2-yr; corn (Zea mays L.)- soybean (Glycine max L.), 3-yr; corn-soybean-oat (Avena sativa L.) or 4-yr; cornsoybean- oat-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)], two tillage [conventional-till (CT) and no-till (NT)], and two winter cover cropping systems [cover crop (CC) or fallow control (NC)] on soil biochemical and physical properties, greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), microbial community composition, crop yield and farm profitability under silty clay loam soil of south eastern South Dakota. Experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a split-split plot treatment arrangement with four replications. Rotations, tillage …
Analysis Of Coevolving Residues Of Xcdxcdx-Phd, A Distinct Type Of Phd-Finger, Shraddha Basu
Analysis Of Coevolving Residues Of Xcdxcdx-Phd, A Distinct Type Of Phd-Finger, Shraddha Basu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Plant homeodomain (PHD), a Zinc-finger scaffold, is a conserved protein module in eukaryotes that typically recognizes unstructured histone tails, and thus, PHDs play a crucial role in chromatin signaling. The sequences of Zinc-fingers, in general, diversify during the course of evolution often giving rise to subtypes (e.g., RBR-RING (Dove 2017) or zf-CxxC subtypes (Long 2013) who typically contain specific sequence signatures. We recently discovered that PHD fingers also contain a distinct subtype, namely the xCDxCDx-PHD. xCDxCDx-PHD has a distinct composition of specific amino acids that coevolved (coevolving residues) in the course of evolution, and xCDxCDx-PHD also shows a unique mechanism …
Factors Influencing Adoption And Adoption Intensity Of Precision Agriculture Technologies In South Dakota, Md Mahi Uddin
Factors Influencing Adoption And Adoption Intensity Of Precision Agriculture Technologies In South Dakota, Md Mahi Uddin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Precision agriculture can play an important role in preserving the environment and improving the economic conditions of agricultural producers. This thesis analyzes the determinants of adoption and adoption intensity of precision agriculture technologies in South Dakota. This analysis uses survey data collected from 199 farms distributed over 28 different counties in South Dakota, accounting for approximately 500,000 acres of tillable agricultural land, to (1) discover the factors impacting precision technology adoption; (2) compare and contrast several characteristics among adopters and non-adopters; and (3) develop probit, count, and negative binomial models to determine the significance of explanatory variables impacting precision technology …
Partitioning Variation In Measurements Of Beef Carcass Traits Made Using Ultrasound, Bradie M. Schmidt
Partitioning Variation In Measurements Of Beef Carcass Traits Made Using Ultrasound, Bradie M. Schmidt
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Ultrasound technology provides cattle breeders a relatively quick, non-invasive, and economical way to gather carcass data on live animals. Ultrasound provides the means to accurately predict body composition and develop estimated breeding values; however, national cattle genetic evaluations assume homogenous additive genetic and residual variances. These assumptions may be violated when estimating genetic merit for carcass traits by ultrasound because of differences in variance due to scanning technician and image interpretation laboratory. The objective of this study was to partition the phenotypic variance of measurements of carcass traits that were made using ultrasound into components attributable to additive genetic effects, …
Understanding The Effect Of Single- And Twin-Screw Extrusion Processing Parameters On Physical And Physico-Chemical Properties Of Sprouted Quinoa And Sprouted Proso Millets, Gabriela John Swamy
Understanding The Effect Of Single- And Twin-Screw Extrusion Processing Parameters On Physical And Physico-Chemical Properties Of Sprouted Quinoa And Sprouted Proso Millets, Gabriela John Swamy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
According to Mordor Intelligence Research, the new compositional research and moisture content extrusion process are helping the growth of the plant protein market. The demand for plant proteins is growing at a fast rate, owing to change in lifestyle, lack of balanced dietary intake, and improved research and development in order to develop new kinds of plant-protein enriched products. It is necessary to identify the right plant protein sources and choose the right processing methodology to create highly digestible foods which can be consumed by infants and elderly as well. In addition, it is important to support local farmers and …
Impact Of Postweaning Management Strategies On Beef Carcass Characteristics And Meat Quality, Christina Elaine Bakker
Impact Of Postweaning Management Strategies On Beef Carcass Characteristics And Meat Quality, Christina Elaine Bakker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The overall objective of this dissertation was to determine the impact of selected post weaning management strategies on beef carcass characteristics and meat quality. The specific objectives were 1) determine the effect of a rumen-protected long chain fatty acids fed during finishing on live performance, serum fatty acid profile, carcass traits, and predicted carcass composition, and 2) determine effects of feeding brassica-based cover crops to cattle during backgrounding on live animal performance, carcass characteristics, tenderness, juiciness, and flavor of strip steaks, and case life of ground beef and strip steaks. Results from both objectives indicate post weaning management strategies do …
Small Rnas: Big Roles In White Mold Infecting Crop Plants, Achal Neupane
Small Rnas: Big Roles In White Mold Infecting Crop Plants, Achal Neupane
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In eukaryotes, small RNAs (sRNAs) are key regulators of RNA silencing which is also known as RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi is an essential mechanism known in plants, animals and fungi that regulates various biological activities, including defense against foreign nucleic acids and viruses. Fungal pathogens, such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, severely limit crop production in all parts of the world. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum cause white mold infection, affecting all dicotyledonous plants including many economically important field crops, vegetables, and floriculture. There does not exist known host resistance, and only limited chemical control can be achieved. Given the growing cost and environmental impacts …