Life Sciences Commons^™

A Framework For Characterising And Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Environmental Modelling, Serena H. Hamilton, Baihua Fu, Joseph H.A. Guillaume, Jennifer Badham, Sondoss Elsawah, Patricia Gober, Randall J. Hunt, Takuya Iwanaga, Anthony J. Jakeman, Daniel P. Ames, Allan Curtis, Mary C. Hill, Suzanne A. Pierce, Fateme Zare

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Environmental modelling is transitioning from the traditional paradigm that focuses on the model and its quantitative performance to a more holistic paradigm that recognises successful model-based outcomes are closely tied to undertaking modelling as a social process, not just as a technical procedure. This paper redefines evaluation as a multi-dimensional and multi-perspective concept, and proposes a more complete framework for identifying and measuring the effectiveness of modelling that serves the new paradigm. Under this framework, evaluation considers a broader set of success criteria, and emphasises the importance of contextual factors in determining the relevance and outcome of the criteria. These …

Environmental Foundations Of Typhoid Fever In The Fijian Residential Setting, Aaron P. Jenkins, Stacy D. Jupiter, Adam Jenney, Alanieta Naucukidi, Namrata Prasad, Gandercillar Vosaki, Kim Mulholland, Richard Strugnell, Mike Kama, John A. Crump, Pierre Horwitz

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Proximal characteristics and conditions in the residential setting deserve greater attention for their potential to influence typhoid transmission. Using a case-control design in Central Division, Republic of Fiji, we examined bacterial (coliform and Escherichia coli) contamination and chemical composition of water and soil as potential vehicles of exposure to Salmonella Typhi, combining observational analysis of residential living conditions, geospatial analysis of household locations, and factor analysis to explore multivariate associations with the risk of developing typhoid fever. Factors positively associated with typhoid infection related to drainage [phosphate (OR 4.235, p = 0.042) and E. coli concentrations (OR 2.248, p = …

Coral Microbiome Database: Integration Of Sequences Reveals High Diversity And Relatedness Of Coral-Associated Microbes, Megan J. Huggett, Amy Apprill

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Coral-associated microorganisms are thought to play a fundamental role in the health and ecology of corals, but understanding of specific coral-microbial interactions are lacking. In order to create a framework to examine coral-microbial specificity, we integrated and phylogenetically compared 21,100 SSU rRNA gene Sanger-produced sequences from bacteria and archaea associated with corals from previous studies, and accompanying host, location and publication metadata, to produce the Coral Microbiome Database. From this database, we identified 39 described and candidate phyla of Bacteria and two Archaea phyla associated with corals, demonstrating that corals are one of the most phylogenetically diverse animal microbiomes. Secondly, …

Cross Faculty Collaboration In The Development Of An Integrated Mathematics And Science Initial Teacher Education Program, Sharon P. Fraser, Kim Beswick, Margaret Penson, Andrew Seen, Robert Whannell

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

This paper describes a collaborative project involving mathematicians, scientists and educators at an Australian university where an innovative initial teacher education (ITE) degree in mathematics/science was developed. The theoretical frameworks of identity theory and academic brokerage and their use in understanding the challenges associated with the early stages of collaborative projects is described. Data from reflections and interviews of the participants after involvement in the project from one to three years are presented to illustrate these challenges. The paper concludes with a description of the importance of the academic broker in overcoming identity challenges and facilitating cultural change for academics …

Hordein Accumulation In Developing Barley Grains, Gregory J. Tanner, Michelle L. Colgrave, Malcolm J. Blundell, Crispin A. Howitt, Antony Bacic

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The temporal pattern of accumulation of hordein storage proteins in developing barley grains was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Hordein accumulation was compared to the pattern seen for two abundant control proteins, serpin Z4 (an early accumulator) and lipid transferase protein (LTP1, a late accumulator). Hordeins were detected from 6 days post-anthesis (DPA) and peaked at 30 DPA. Changes in fresh weight indicate that desiccation begins at 20 DPA and by 37 DPA fresh weight had decreased by 35%. ELISA analysis of hordein content, expressed on a protein basis, increased …

Production And Ecosystem Structure In Cold‐Core Vs. Warm‐Core Eddies: Implications For The Zooplankton Isoscape And Rock Lobster Larvae, Anya M. Waite, Eric Raes, Lynnath E. Beckley, Peter A. Thompson, David Griffin, Megan Saunders, Christin Sawstrom, Richard O'Rorke, Miao Wang, Jason P. Landrum, Andrew Jeffs

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Anticyclonic (warm-core) mesoscale eddies (WCEs) in the Eastern Indian Ocean carry higher surface chlorophyll signatures than cyclonic (cold-core) eddies (CCEs). Paradoxically, WCEs host rock lobster larvae (phyllosomas) with lower lipid stores and protein reserves than phyllosomas in CCEs, suggesting a poorer nutritional status. We assess primary productivity and zooplankton isotopic data from eight eddies across four research voyages (2003–2011) to determine how this contradiction might occur. We find that WCEs and CCEs are equally productive per unit chlorophyll a, but depth-integrated primary production (PP) is greater in eddies with shallower mixed layers (MLs), especially in CCEs. MLs tend to be …

Preparation And Characterization Of Avenin-Enriched Oat Protein By Chill Precipitation For Feeding Trials In Celiac Disease, Greg Tanner, Angéla Juhász, Christakis George Florides, Mitchell Nye-Wood, Frank Békés, Michelle L. Colgrave, Amy K. Russell, Melinda Y. Hardy, Jason A. Tye-Din

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The safety of oats for people with celiac disease remains unresolved. While oats have attractive nutritional properties that can improve the quality and palatability of the restrictive, low fiber gluten-free diet, rigorous feeding studies to address their safety in celiac disease are needed. Assessing the oat prolamin proteins (avenins) in isolation and controlling for gluten contamination and other oat components such as fiber that can cause non-specific effects and symptoms is crucial. Further, the avenin should contain all reported immunogenic T cell epitopes, and be deliverable at a dose that enables biological responses to be correlated with clinical effects. To …

Author Correction: The Future Of Blue Carbon Science, Peter I. Macreadie, Andrea Anton, John A. Raven, Nicola Beaumont, Rod M. Connolly, Daniel A. Friess, Jeffery J. Kelleway, Hilary Kennedy, Tomohiro Kuwae, Paul S. Lavery, Catherine E. Lovelock, Dan A. Smale, Eugenia T. Apostolaki, Trisha B. Atwood, Jeff Baldock, Thomas S. Bianchi, Gail. L. Chmura, Bradley D. Eyre, James W. Fourdurean, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Mark Huxham, Iris E. Hendriks, Dorte Frause-Jensen, Dan Laffoley, Tiziana Luisetti, Nuria Marba, Pere Masque´, Karen J. Mcglathery, J. Patrick Megonigal, Daniel Murdiyarso, Bayden D. Russell, Rui Santos, Oscar Serrano, Brian R. Silliman, Kenta Watanabe, Carlos M. Duarte

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The original version of this Article contained an error in the author affiliations. Affiliation 24 incorrectly read ‘School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, UK’ This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

High-Rise Apartments And Urban Mental Health—Historical And Contemporary Views, Danica-Lea Larcombe, Eddie Van Etten, Alan Logan, Susan L. Prescott, Pierre Horwitz

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

High-rise apartment buildings have long been associated with the poor mental health of their residents. The aims of this paper are to examine whether this connection is necessarily so, by reviewing the evidence relating to the relationships between high-rise living and social wellbeing, occupant’s stress levels, and the influence they have on mental health. From selected literature, psychological stress and poor mental health outcomes of the populations that live in high-rise apartments are indeed apparent, and this is particularly so for apartments in poor neighbourhoods. Yet many apartments in developed cities are in affluent areas (particularly those with views of …

The Effects Of Germination And Roasting On Nutraceutical And Antioxidant Properties Of Jirani Variety Of Millet, Oluwatoyin Oluwole, Binosha W. M. A. D. Fernando, Keiron Audain, Olufemi Fasanmade, Oluwatosin Ijabaadeniyi, Kolawole Falade, Adjei M. Yaakwaah, Vijay Jayasena

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of processing variables (germination time, roasting temperature and time) on the phytonutrients and antioxidants activity of millet. The germination time employed in this study ranged from 24 - 72 h, roasting temperature ranged from 112.5 -120.0°C and the roasting time ranged from 15-21 min based on an earlier preliminary study. All samples exhibited antioxidant properties and these properties were dose dependent. Positive correlations were obtained between the antioxidant activity of the samples and the content of the phytochemicals. Both germination and roasting time had an effect on the total antioxidant …

Elucidating The Surface Geometric Design Of Hydrophobic Australian Eucalyptus Leaves: Experimental And Modeling Studies, Hua Guo, Zonghan Xie, Jeremy Shaw, Kingsley Dixon, Zhong-Tao Jiang, Chun-Yang Yin, Xuemei Liu

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Three Australian native Eucalyptus species, i.e., Eucalyptus woodwardii, Eucalyptus pachyphylla and Eucalyptus dolorosa, were investigated, for the first time, with respect to the hydrophobicity of their leaves. It is well established that these leaves exhibit exceptionally high water repellency, in addition to an extraordinary ability to retain water, albeit their specific wetting mechanisms are still poorly understood. To identify the critical factors underlying this phenomenon, the surface topography of these leaves was subjected to micro-examination (SEM). Micro- and nanometer scale surface roughness was revealed, resembling that of the quintessential “lotus effect”. Surface free energy analysis was performed on two models …

A Major Root Architecture Qtl Responding To Water Limitation In Durum Wheat, Samir Alahmad, Khaoula El Hassouni, Filippo M. Bassi, Eric Dinglasan, Chvan Youssef, Georgia Quarry, Alpaslan Aksoy, Elisabetta Mazzucotelli, Angéla Juhász, Jason A. Able, Jack Christopher, Kai P. Voss-Fels, Lee T. Hickey

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The optimal root system architecture (RSA) of a crop is context dependent and critical for efficient resource capture in the soil. Narrow root growth angle promoting deeper root growth is often associated with improved access to water and nutrients in deep soils during terminal drought. RSA, therefore is a drought-adaptive trait that could minimize yield losses in regions with limited rainfall. Here, GWAS for seminal root angle (SRA) identified seven marker-trait associations clustered on chromosome 6A, representing a major quantitative trait locus (qSRA-6A) which also displayed high levels of pairwise LD (r² = 0.67). Subsequent haplotype …

Fingerprinting Blue Carbon: Rationale And Tools To Determine The Source Of Organic Carbon In Marine Depositional Environments, Nathan R. Geraldi, Alejandra Ortega, Oscar Serrano, Peter I. Macreadie, Catherine E. Lovelock, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Hilary Kennedy, Paul S. Lavery, Michael L. Pace, Joeri Kaal, Carlos M. Duarte

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Blue carbon is the organic carbon in oceanic and coastal ecosystems that is captured on centennial to millennial timescales. Maintaining and increasing blue carbon is an integral component of strategies to mitigate global warming. Marine vegetated ecosystems (especially seagrass meadows, mangrove forests, and tidal marshes) are blue carbon hotspots and their degradation and loss worldwide have reduced organic carbon stocks and increased CO₂ emissions. Carbon markets, and conservation and restoration schemes aimed at enhancing blue carbon sequestration and avoiding greenhouse gas emissions, will be aided by knowing the provenance and fate of blue carbon. We review and critique current …

Variation In Sexual Dimorphism In A Wind-Pollinated Plant: The Influence Of Geographical Context And Life-Cycle Dynamics, Gemma Puixeu, Melinda Pickup, David L. Field, Spencer C. H. Barrett

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Understanding the mechanisms causing phenotypic differences between females and males has long fascinated evolutionary biologists. An extensive literature exists on animal sexual dimorphism but less information is known about sex differences in plants, particularly the extent of geographical variation in sexual dimorphism and its life‐cycle dynamics.

Here, we investigated patterns of genetically based sexual dimorphism in vegetative and reproductive traits of a wind‐pollinated dioecious plant, Rumex hastatulus, across three life‐cycle stages using open‐pollinated families from 30 populations spanning the geographic range and chromosomal variation (XY and XY₁Y₂) of the species.

The direction and degree of sexual …

Mixing Genetically And Morphologically Distinct Populations In Translocations: Asymmetrical Introgression In A Newly Established Population Of The Boodie (Bettongia Lesueur), Rujiporn Thavornkanlapachai, Harriet R. Mills, Kym Ottewell, Judy Dunlop, Colleen Sims, Keith Morris, Felicity Donaldson, W. Jason Kennington

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The use of multiple source populations provides a way to maximise genetic variation and reduce the impacts of inbreeding depression in newly established translocated populations. However, there is a risk that individuals from different source populations will not interbreed, leading to population structure and smaller effective population sizes than expected. Here, we investigate the genetic consequences of mixing two isolated, morphologically distinct island populations of boodies (Bettongia lesueur) in a translocation to mainland Australia over three generations. Using 18 microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial D-loop region, we monitored the released animals and their offspring between 2010 and 2013. Despite high …

Oil Yields For Allanblackia Parviflora (Tallow Tree) In Ghana: The Effects Of Oil Extraction Methods, Tree Morphology And Environmental Characteristics, Wilfred Sefah, Pierre Horwitz, Mary C. Boyce, Lydia Sefah

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study provided understanding of the oil yields from Allanblackia parviflora fruits in Ghana. The study sought patterns of variations in oil yield between 157 trees, 16 communities and 3 ecological zones. Ecological zone and soil properties were considered as surrogates for growing conditions associated with tree and fruit morphology. Kernel and seed oil yields were determined using the manual screw press ranged from 31.3 to 61.8% and 0.2 to 36.8%, respectively. Large variations were observed between individual trees, and significant oil yield differences were observed between the 16 communities. There were no relationships between oil yields and soil properties, …

Global Trends In Marine Plankton Diversity Across Kingdoms Of Life, Federico M. Ibarbalz, Nicolas Henry, Manoela C. Brandão, Severine Martini, Greta Busseni, Hannah Byrne, Luis Pedro Coelho, Hisashi Endo, Josep Gasol, Ann C. Gregory, FréDéRic Mahe ́, Janaina Rigonato, Marta Royo-Llonch, Guillem Salazar, Isabel Sanz-SáEz, Eleonora Scalco, Dodji Soviadan, Ahmed A. Zayed, Adriana Zingone, Karine Labadie, Joannie Ferland, Claudie Marec, Stefanie Kandels, Marc Picheral, Celine Dimier, Julie Poulain, Sergey Pisarev, Margaux Carmichael, Stephane Pesant, Marcel Babin, Emmanuel Boss, Daniele Iudicone, Olivier Jaillon, Silvia G. Acinas, Hiroyuki Ogata, Eric Pelletier, Lars Stemmann, Matthew B. Sullivan, Shinichi Sunagawa, Laurent Bopp, Colomban De Vargas, Lee Karp-Boss, Patrick Wincker, Fabien Lombard, Chris Bowler, Lucie Zinger

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The ocean is home to myriad small planktonic organisms that underpin the functioning of marine ecosystems. However, their spatial patterns of diversity and the underlying drivers remain poorly known, precluding projections of their responses to global changes. Here we investigate the latitudinal gradients and global predictors of plankton diversity across archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes, and major virus clades using both molecular and imaging data from Tara Oceans. We show a decline of diversity for most planktonic groups toward the poles, mainly driven by decreasing ocean temperatures. Projections into the future suggest that severe warming of the surface ocean by the end …

Cationic Biaryl 1,2,3-Triazolyl Peptidomimetic Amphiphiles: Synthesis, Antibacterial Evaluation And Preliminary Mechanism Of Action Studies, Andrew J. Tague, Papanin Putsathit, Katherine A. Hammer, Steven M. Wales, Daniel R. Knight, Thomas V. Riley, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Synthetic small molecular antimicrobial peptidomimetics represent a promising new class of potential antibiotics due to their membrane-disrupting ability and their decreased propensity for bacterial resistance. A library of 43 mono- and di-cationic biaryl 1,2,3-triazolyl peptidomimetics was designed and synthesized based upon previously established lead biarylpeptidomimetics and a known pharmacophore. A reliable, facile and modular synthetic pathway allowed for the efficient synthesis of multiple unique scaffolds which were subjected to divergent derivatization to furnish the amphiphilic compounds. In vitro testing revealed enhanced antibacterial efficacy against a range of pathogenic bacteria, including bacterial isolates with methicillin, vancomycin, daptomycin, or multi-drug resistance. Preliminary …

Food-Insecure Household’S Self-Reported Perceptions Of Food Labels, Product Attributes And Consumption Behaviours, Lucy M. Butcher, Maria M. Ryan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Dietary compromises related to food insecurity profoundly undermine health and constitute a serious public health issue, even in developed nations. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of food labelling and product attributes on the purchasing choices of food-insecure households in Australia. An online survey containing 19 food choice and 28 purchasing behaviours questions was completed by 1056 adults responsible for household grocery shopping. The short form of the US Household Food Security Survey Module was used as the food security indicator. Multinomial logistic regression modelling was employed to analyse the survey data. Respondents were classified as …

No Causal Effect Of Telomere Length On Ischemic Stroke And Its Subtypes: A Mendelian Randomization Study, Weijie Cao, Xingang Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jie Zhang, Qi Sun, Xizhu Xu, Ming Sun, Qiuyue Tian, Qihuan Li, Hao Wang, Jiaonan Liu, Xiaoni Meng, Lijuan Wu, Manshu Song, Haifeng Hou, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Epidemiological studies observing inconsistent associations of telomere length (TL) with ischemic stroke (IS) are susceptible to bias according to reverse causation and residual confounding. We aimed to assess the causal association between TL, IS, and the subtypes of IS, including large artery stroke (LAS), small vessel stroke (SVS), and cardioembolic stroke (CES) by performing a series of two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches. Methods: Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were involved as candidate instrumental variables (IVs), summarized from a genome-wide meta-analysis including 37,684 participants of European descent. We analyzed the largest ever genome-wide association studies of stroke in Europe from …

Does Exercise Impact Gut Microbiota Composition In Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy For Prostate Cancer? A Single-Blinded, Two-Armed, Randomised Controlled Trial, Robert U. Newton, Claus T. Christophersen, Ciaran M. Fairman, Nicolas H. Hart, Dennis R. Taaffe, David Broadhurst, Amanda Devine, Raphael Chee, Colin I. Tang, Nigel Spry, Daniel A. Galvão

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction: A potential link exists between prostate cancer (PCa) disease and treatment and increased inflammatory levels from gut dysbiosis. This study aims to examine if exercise favourably alters gut microbiota in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for PCa. Specifically, this study will explore whether: (1) exercise improves the composition of gut microbiota and increases the abundance of bacteria associated with health promotion and (2) whether gut health correlates with favourable inflammatory status, bowel function, continence and nausea among patients participating in the exercise intervention.

Methods and analysis: A single-blinded, two-armed, randomised controlled trial will explore the influence of a …

Seagrass Sedimentary Deposits As Security Vaults And Time Capsules Of The Human Past, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Oscar Serrano, Eugenia T. Apostolaki, David J. Gregory, Carlos M. Duarte

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Seagrass meadows form valuable ecosystems, but are considered to have low cultural value due to limited research efforts in this field. We provide evidence that seagrass deposits play a hitherto unrealized central role in preserving valuable submerged archaeological and historical heritage across the world, while also providing an historical archive of human cultural development over time. We highlight three case studies showing the significance of seagrass in protecting underwater cultural heritage in Denmark, the Mediterranean and Australia. Moreover, we present an overview of additional evidence compiled from the literature. We emphasize that this important role of seagrasses is linked to …

A Systematic Review Of How Multiple Stressors From An Extreme Event Drove Ecosystem-Wide Loss Of Resilience In An Iconic Seagrass Community, Gary A. Kendrick, Robert J. Nowicki, Ylva S. Olsen, Simone Strydom, Matthew W. Fraser, Elizabeth A. Sinclair, John Statton, Renae K. Hovey, Jordan A. Thomson, Derek A. Burkholder, Kathryn M. Mcmahon, Kieryn Kilminster, Yasha Hetzel, James W. Fourqurean, Michael R. Heithaus, Robert J. Orth

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

A central question in contemporary ecology is how climate change will alter ecosystem structure and function across scales of space and time. Climate change has been shown to alter ecological patterns from individuals to ecosystems, often with negative implications for ecosystem functions and services. Furthermore, as climate change fuels more frequent and severe extreme climate events (ECEs) like marine heatwaves (MHWs), such acute events become increasingly important drivers of rapid ecosystem change. However, our understanding of ECE impacts is hampered by limited collection of broad scale in situ data where such events occur. In 2011, a MHW known as the …

Cetacean Sightings Within The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, Susan E. Gibbs, Chandra P. Salgado Kent, Boyan Slat, Damien Morales, Leila Fouda, Julia Reisser

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Here, we report cetacean sightings made within a major oceanic accumulation zone for plastics, often referred to as the ‘Great Pacific Garbage Patch’ (GPGP). These cetacean records occurred in October 2016 and were made by sensors and trained observers aboard a Hercules C-130 aircraft surveying the GPGP at 400 m height and 140 knots speed. Four sperm whales (including a mother and calf pair), three beaked whales, two baleen whales, and at least five other cetaceans were observed. Many surface drifting plastics were also detected, including fishing nets, ropes, floats and fragmented debris. Some of these objects were close to …

Isolation, Characterization, And Cross‐Amplification Of 20 Microsatellite Markers For Conospermum Undulatum (Proteaceae), Nicola Delnevo, Andrea Piotti, Eddie J. Van Etten, William D. Stock, Margaret Byrne

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

PREMISE: Recent habitat fragmentation is posing a risk to the wavy‐leaved smokebush, Conospermum undulatum (Proteaceae), a rare plant species endemic to southwestern Western Australia. Microsatellite markers are required to characterize the genetic diversity and structure of the species for conservation purposes and to facilitate ecological studies.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Illumina MiSeq high‐throughput sequencing was used to develop 20 novel microsatellite markers for C. undulatum. Polymorphism at each locus was assessed using 72 individuals from three natural populations. Nineteen markers were polymorphic, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from two to 21, and observed and expected heterozygosity ranging from …

The Role Of Allopatric Speciation And Ancient Origins Of Bathynellidae (Crustacea) In The Pilbara (Western Australia): Two New Genera From The De Grey River Catchment, Giulia Perina, Ana I. Camacho, Joel Huey, Pierre Horwitz, Annette Koenders

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The stygofaunal family of Bathynellidae, is an excellent group to study the processes that shape diversity and distribution, since they have unknown surface or marine relatives, high level of endemism, and limited dispersal abilities. Recent research on Bathynellidae in Western Australia (Pilbara) has uncovered new taxa with unexpected distributions and phylogenetic relationships, but the biogeographical processes that drive their diversification on the continent are still unclear. By exploring the diversity, distribution, and divergence time of Bathynellidae in a setting such as the perched and isolated aquifers of the Cleaverville Formation in the north of the De Grey River catchment (Pilbara), …

Toward Collaborative Open Data Science In Metabolomics Using Jupyter Notebooks And Cloud Computing, Kevin M. Mendez, Leighton Pritchard, Stacey N. Reinke, David I. Broadhurst

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background

A lack of transparency and reporting standards in the scientific community has led to increasing and widespread concerns relating to reproduction and integrity of results. As an omics science, which generates vast amounts of data and relies heavily on data science for deriving biological meaning, metabolomics is highly vulnerable to irreproducibility. The metabolomics community has made substantial efforts to align with FAIR data standards by promoting open data formats, data repositories, online spectral libraries, and metabolite databases. Open data analysis platforms also exist; however, they tend to be inflexible and rely on the user to adequately report their methods …

Australian Vegetated Coastal Ecosystems As Global Hotspots For Climate Change Mitigation, Oscar Serrano, Catherine E. Lovelock, Trisha B. Atwood, Peter I. Macreadie, Robert Canto, Stuart Phinn, Ariane Arias-Ortiz, Le Bai, Jeff Baldock, Camila Bedulli, Paul Carnell, Rod M. Connolly, Paul Donaldson, Alba Esteban, Carolyn J. Ewers Lewis, Bradley D. Eyre, Matthew A. Hayes, Pierre Horwitz, Lindsay B. Hutley, Christopher R. J. Kavazos, Jeffrey J. Kelleway, Gary A. Kendrick, Kieryn Kilminster, Anna Lafratta, Shing Lee, Paul S. Lavery, Damien T. Maher, Núria Marbà, Pere Masque, Miguel A. Mateo, Richard Mount, Peter J. Ralph, Chris Roelfsema, Mohammad Rozaimi, Radhiyah Ruhon, Cristian Salinas, Jimena Samper-Villarreal, Jonathan Sanderman, Christian J. Sanders, Isaac Santos, Chris Sharples, Andrew D. L. Steven, Toni Cannard, Stacey M. Trevathan-Tackett, Carlos M. Duarte

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Policies aiming to preserve vegetated coastal ecosystems (VCE; tidal marshes, mangroves and seagrasses) to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions require national assessments of blue carbon resources. Here, we present organic carbon (C) storage in VCE across Australian climate regions and estimate potential annual CO₂ emission benefits of VCE conservation and restoration. Australia contributes 5–11% of the C stored in VCE globally (70–185 Tg C in aboveground biomass, and 1,055–1,540 Tg C in the upper 1 m of soils). Potential CO₂ emissions from current VCE losses are estimated at 2.1–3.1 Tg CO₂-e yr^-1, increasing annual CO …

Assessing The Utility Of Multiplexed Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry For Gluten Detection In Australian Breakfast Food Products, Haili Li, Utpal Bose, Sally Stockwell, Crispin A. Howitt, Michelle Colgrave

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Coeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten that is associated with gastrointestinal issues, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, and malabsorption. Gluten is a general name for a class of cereal storage proteins of wheat, barley, and rye that are notably resistant to gastrointestinal digestion. After ingestion, immunogenic peptides are subsequently recognized by T cells in the gastrointestinal tract. The only treatment for CD is a life-long gluten-free diet. As such, it is critical to detect gluten in diverse food types, including those where one would not expect to find gluten. The utility of liquid chromatography-mass …

Characterization And Relative Quantitation Of Wheat, Rye, And Barley Gluten Protein Types By Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Barbara Lexhaller, Michelle L. Colgrave, Katharina A. Scherf

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The consumption of wheat, rye, and barley may cause adverse reactions to wheat such as celiac disease, non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity, or wheat allergy. The storage proteins (gluten) are known as major triggers, but also other functional protein groups such as α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors or enzymes are possibly harmful for people suffering of adverse reactions to wheat. Gluten is widely used as a collective term for the complex protein mixture of wheat, rye or barley and can be subdivided into the following gluten protein types (GPTs): α-gliadins, γ-gliadins, ω5-gliadins, ω1,2-gliadins, high- and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits of wheat, ω-secalins, high-molecular-weight secalins, γ-75k-secalins and γ-40k-secalins …