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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Restricted Microbial Presence, Activity, And Community Structuring Within Dry Valley Soils Of Antarctica, Scott Fillerup George
Restricted Microbial Presence, Activity, And Community Structuring Within Dry Valley Soils Of Antarctica, Scott Fillerup George
Theses and Dissertations
The McMurdo Dry Valley region is the largest ice-free area of Antarctica. Harsh abiotic conditions of the polar desert ecosystem, including extreme cold, aridity, and limited nutrient availability select for unique taxa. The comparatively simple terrestrial ecosystem is well-suited for investigating edaphic influences on microbial presence, activity, and community structuring. The Dry Valleys are viewed as a useful analog for Mars astrobiology investigations. However, most biotic investigations have been focused on lower elevations, where an understanding of edaphic effects on microbial communities within its generally more favorable conditions has emerged. Transiently wetted Dry Valley water tracks may be analogous to …
Saprotrophy Among Endophytic Fungi, Emily Marissa Weatherhead
Saprotrophy Among Endophytic Fungi, Emily Marissa Weatherhead
Theses and Dissertations
Endophytic fungi have been found in every terrestrial plant investigated thus far. They can receive nutritional benefits from their host tissues. Two major modes of nutrition for endophytic fungi include biotrophy and saprotrophy. In chapter 1, I set out to determine whether endophytic fungi isolated from Quercus gambelii in Utah, USA were capable of saprotrophy and, if some were, how much variation in saprotrophic ability exists among them. Because saprotrophy requires moisture and, in Utah, moisture is largely unavailable outside winter and early spring, in chapter 2 I set out to determine if any of our isolated endophytic fungi were …
Structure Elucidation Of Bioactive Compounds Isolated From Endophytes Of Alstonia Scholaris And Acmena Graveolens, Nicholas James Hundley
Structure Elucidation Of Bioactive Compounds Isolated From Endophytes Of Alstonia Scholaris And Acmena Graveolens, Nicholas James Hundley
Theses and Dissertations
Alstonia scholaris is an evergreen tree native to Southeast Asia and Australia. It is commonly used as a medicinal plant throughout these regions. In the present study, an endophyte of the genus Xylaria was isolated from a stem of Alstonia scholaris, its mycelia and exudate extracted, and the extract assayed for growth inhibition of HeLa cancer cells in vitro. Several known compounds were isolated and identified based on NMR, infrared, and mass spectral data. The compounds identified are 19,20-epoxycytochalasin C; 19,20epoxycytochalasin D; and xylobovide. Two other compounds, fusaric acid and dehydrofusaric acid, were discovered in an endophyte of the Hypocreales …
Lipids Of Fungal Spores, Identification And Metabolism, Jim L. Bushnell
Lipids Of Fungal Spores, Identification And Metabolism, Jim L. Bushnell
Theses and Dissertations
The lipids of the spores of the Basidiomycetes: Ustilago bullata, Lycoperdon perlatum and Calvatia gigantea were investigated. The spores of U. bullata were found to have hydrocarbons ranging from C_9 to C_24, methyl esters of fatty acids ranging from C_14 to C_24, and free fatty acids from C_14 to C_24. The spores of L. perlatum were found to have few hydrocarbons (C_22 being the predominent one); no methyl esters were detected and the fatty acids were from C_15 to C_18. Long chain aldehydes (C_30) were also detected in low concentration. At the ultrastructural level the Lycoperdon spores were found to …
A Comparative Survey Of Soil Microfungi From Three Vegetation Types In Cedar Valley, Utah, Brent T. Wahlquist
A Comparative Survey Of Soil Microfungi From Three Vegetation Types In Cedar Valley, Utah, Brent T. Wahlquist
Theses and Dissertations
Microfungi were isolated from soil samples by the soil plate method. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-1", 1-4", and 4-8" both between and beneath the canopy of the dominant vegetation in stands of greasewood, sagebrush, and pinyon-juniper. Salinity, pH, and percent organic matter were measured for each soil sample. A total of 148 strains of fungi representing 141 species and 46 genera were isolated and identified from these alkaline soils, Few strains, including some Aspergilli, occurred only in the more saline greasewood soils, while many strains, including several Penicillia, occurred in both sagebrush and piny-on-juniper soils but were …
A Study Of The Fleshy Fungi Of Utah, Kent Howell Mcknight
A Study Of The Fleshy Fungi Of Utah, Kent Howell Mcknight
Theses and Dissertations
It is the purpose of this study to further the ends of Mycology by presenting the fleshy fungi which are known to grow in Utah. The term fleshy fungi as used here shall include those Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes which produce large or otherwise conspicuous sporocarps and their closely related forms. This includes portions of the sub-classes Pyrenomycetes and Discomycetes of the Ascomycetes; and portions of the Heterobasidiao and Eubasidiae of the Basidiomycetes (4). The sporocarps may be fleshy, woody, papery, leathery, carbonous or waxy in texture. This would exclude the Myxomycetes. However, since there have been no extensive studies of …