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1992

Cattlemen's Day

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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Record-Keeping Systems For Beef Safety And Feedlot Health (1992), C.D. Cranwell, D.D. Simms Jan 1992

Record-Keeping Systems For Beef Safety And Feedlot Health (1992), C.D. Cranwell, D.D. Simms

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three hundred nine feedlots were mailed questionnaires to ascertain the types of recordkeeping systems currently being used to monitor health programs and FDA-specified treatment withdrawal times. Microcomputer systems were of special interest. Approximately one third of the feedlots responded. A majority with a one-time feeding capacity of more than 10,000 head were using a microcomputer record-keeping system, whereas most of those with fewer than 10,000 head used a manual, paper-based system. Those feedlots using computerized record-keeping systems had purchased their software package from one of five companies. Managers felt these software packages were adequate for billing customers, monitoring pharmaceutical inventory …


Losses From Top Spoilage In Corn And Forage Sorghum Silages In Horizontal Silos (1992), J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, C. Lin Jan 1992

Losses From Top Spoilage In Corn And Forage Sorghum Silages In Horizontal Silos (1992), J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, C. Lin

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Corn and forage sorghum silages were stored in small (simulated), farm-scale, bunker silos for 180 days, and dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) losses; fermentation characteristics; and temperatures were measured at 10, 20, and 30 inches from the original silage surface. Sealing the exposed surface significantly increased DM and OM recoveries in both crops, regardless of depth. Immediate sealing preserved more DM and OM than delayed sealing, particularly at the 10-in. depth. The unsealed silages from both crops maintained dramatically higher temperatures within the top 3 ft. than sealed silages. As expected, the unsealed silages deteriorated completely at 10- …


Effects Of Estradiol Or An Estradiol-Trenbolone Acetate Reimplant Scheme And Time On Feed On Performance And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Michael E. Dikeman, Sally L. Stroda Jan 1992

Effects Of Estradiol Or An Estradiol-Trenbolone Acetate Reimplant Scheme And Time On Feed On Performance And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Michael E. Dikeman, Sally L. Stroda

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred eighty-eight predominantly British and British crossbred steers (702 lb) were used in a 2x3 factorially arranged experiment. Main effect factors were reimplant scheme [estradiol (E2) vs estradiol plus trenbolone acetate (E2 + TBA)] and time on feed (111, 125 or 139 days). The initial slaughter occurred when 65 to 70% of all steers were estimated to grade low Choice. No interactions occurred for any variable measured. Reimplanting 57 days after the initial implant with E2 + TBA increased overall daily gain 6.9% (P<.003) and feed efficiency 4.9% (P<.005). Feeding steers for an additional 14 or 28 days resulted in linear decreases in overall daily gain (P<.005) and feed efficiency (P<.0004). Reimplanting with E2 + TBA increased (P<.001) carcass weight but did not reduce marbling score or percent Choice carcasses. Feeding steers for an additional 14 or 28 days resulted in linear increases (P<.0001) in hot carcass weight, ribeye area, adjusted backfat (P<.004), and skeletal maturity (P<.0005). Additional days on feed increased dressing percentage (P<.002) and marbling score (P<.05) curvilinearly and tended (P=.25) to increase the percentage of carcasses grading Choice and Prime. Incidence of dark cutters was higher (P<.05) for E2 + TBA carcasses, and was very high at the first slaughter date (54 days after reimplantation). Although feeding for an additional 14 or 28 days can result in heavier live and carcass weights, higher dressing percentage, and increased marbling, poor efficiency of gain may create negative feeding margins.


Short-Run Impact Of Captive Supplies On Fed Cattle Prices (1992), J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1992

Short-Run Impact Of Captive Supplies On Fed Cattle Prices (1992), J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Factors affecting western Kansas fed cattle prices during May through November 1990 were investigated. In particular, the impact of changes in captive cattle supplies on cash prices was examined. The term captive cattle supplies refers to cattle procured by a packer well in advance of slaughter. Captive supplies take one of three forms: 1) packer-owned cattle, 2) cattle procured on forward contracts, and 3) cattle procured under formula price (or marketing) agreements. Captive supplies were defined as cattle procured under forward contracts or formula price agreements, because data on packer-owned cattle were unavailable. Over the May through November 1990 period …


Comparison Of Feedlot And Carcass Characteristics Of Angus, Hereford, Brahman, Charolais, And Gelbvieh Crossbred Steers (1992), D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1992

Comparison Of Feedlot And Carcass Characteristics Of Angus, Hereford, Brahman, Charolais, And Gelbvieh Crossbred Steers (1992), D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feedlot performance of 207 steers with various percentages of Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Brahman, and Gelbvieh breeding were compared at a constant 1) days fed, 2) adjusted carcass backfat, and 3) slaughter weight. As the percentage of Angus, Hereford, or Brahman increased, growth rate decreased, whereas increasing the percentage of Charolais increased growth rate. Increasing the percentage of Gelbvieh increased weaning weight but had little effect on post-weaning gains. Increasing percentage of Charolais increased feed conversion efficiency, whereas the other breeds were similar, except that at a constant slaughter weight, greater percentage of Hereford improved feed conversion efficiency. Increasing the percentage …


Evaluation Of Inoculant And Npn Silage Additives: A Summary Of 26 Trials And 65 Farm-Scale Silages (1992), K.K. Bolsen, R.N. Sonon, B. Dalke, Ronald V. Pope, Jack G. Riley, A. Laytimi Jan 1992

Evaluation Of Inoculant And Npn Silage Additives: A Summary Of 26 Trials And 65 Farm-Scale Silages (1992), K.K. Bolsen, R.N. Sonon, B. Dalke, Ronald V. Pope, Jack G. Riley, A. Laytimi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Results from 26 trials comparing fermentation, dry matter (DM) recovery, and effects on cattle performance of inoculated or nonprotein nitrogen (NPN)-treated silages vs. controls were summarized using paired t-test analysis. Inoculants consistently improved fermentation efficiency, DM recovery, feed conversion, and gain per ton of crop ensiled in both corn and forage sorghum silages. The use of NPN, particularly urea or anhydrous ammonia, adversely affected fermentation efficiency, DM recovery, avg daily gain, and gain per ton of crop ensiled, particularly for the higher moisture forage sorghums.


Effects Of Source And Level Of Energy Or Protein Supplementation On Nitrate Toxicity In Cattle (1992), M.W. Smith, M.R. Blanding, L.R. Corah, Dale A. Blasi Jan 1992

Effects Of Source And Level Of Energy Or Protein Supplementation On Nitrate Toxicity In Cattle (1992), M.W. Smith, M.R. Blanding, L.R. Corah, Dale A. Blasi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to investigate whether level or source of energy and protein supplementation would reduce the incidence or severity of clinical toxicity in cattle fed forages high in nitrate (NO3). Heavily fertilized sudan hay with 40,000 to 50,000 ppm NO3 was fed in both experiments. The percentage of total blood hemoglobin converted to methemoglobin by nitrate was used to compare treatment effectiveness. Energy supplementation at levels tested in Exp. 1 had no effect on methemoglobin concentration. In Exp. 2, all protein sources (wheat midds, urea, soybean meal) reduced the maximum methemoglobin levels and increased the rate of reconversion …


Comparison Of Feeding Calves Vs. Yearlings (1992), D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1992

Comparison Of Feeding Calves Vs. Yearlings (1992), D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Data from the 207 crossbred steers used in this study indicate that when calves are placed in the feedlot on a finishing ration at weaning, they will have better feed efficiencies, greater lifetime ADGs, lighter carcass weights, and equal carcass qualities compared to those placed as yearlings. In recent times, heavy carcass weights have been rather common in the industry. Every over-weight steer had a desirable weight at one time, and this study shows that they would have produced a desirable carcass if managed correctly.


Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations Of Ultrasound-Measured Ribeye Area With Other Performance Traits In Brangus Cattle (1992), M.Z. Johnson, R.R. Schalles, W. Olson, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1992

Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations Of Ultrasound-Measured Ribeye Area With Other Performance Traits In Brangus Cattle (1992), M.Z. Johnson, R.R. Schalles, W. Olson, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heritabilities and genetic correlations for ultrasound-measured ribeye area and fat thickness, as well as growth traits and scrotal circumference, were determined using performance records of 1613 Brangus calves born from 1987 to 1990. Moderate heritabilities of .39 for weaning and .40 for yearling ultrasound- measured ribeye area indicate that selection to change these traits should be effective. The positive, and generally large, genetic correlations between ultrasound-measured ribeye areas and growth traits indicate that genetic change of these traits can be made in tandem. The low heritability (.14) of fat thickness, the small amount of fat, and the lack of variation …


Influence Of Fat And Monensin Levels On Performance Of Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope Jan 1992

Influence Of Fat And Monensin Levels On Performance Of Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

To evaluate effects and potential interaction of supplemental fat (0 to 4% tallow) and monensin (0, 20, 40 g/ton) in a corn-based finishing diet, 96 Continental crossbred steers (860 lb) were used in a 2x3 factorially arranged randomized complete block design. Consumption by steers fed the 0% fat diet decreased linearly (P<.0001) with increased monensin level, whereas consumption by steers fed 4% fat diets decreased curvilinearly (P<.08), indicating that monensin depressed intake much less when the diet contained fat. Daily gain decreased linearly (P<.02) with increased monensin level for steers fed no supplemental fat, but remained constant in steers fed 4% fat. Feed efficiency was improved (P<.025) by 4% fat across levels of monensin. This study provides further evidence of interactions between monensin and supplemental fat in effects on animal performance.


Effect Of Deworming With Ivomec® On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers (1992), Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, R.C. Cochran Jan 1992

Effect Of Deworming With Ivomec® On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers (1992), Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, R.C. Cochran

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

To determine the effect of deworming fallborn yearling heifers on reproductive parameters, 78 heifers were allotted to a either Ivomec® or control treatments. The heifers were dewormed in June and October when they were approximately 7 and 11 months old, respectively. Ivomec effectively lowered fecal egg counts from treated heifers compared to controls. In these heifers that were maintained on a marginal plane of nutrition, deworming not only improved weight gains but also hastened onset of puberty and improved conception rate during a 60-day breeding season. The positive effect of Ivomec on these reproductive characteristics could not be explained by …


Effect Of Physical Form And Level Of Alfalfa In Corn-Based Diets For Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope Jan 1992

Effect Of Physical Form And Level Of Alfalfa In Corn-Based Diets For Finishing Steers (1992), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred-eighty British crossbred steers (760 lb) were used in a 3x2 factorially arranged experiment to evaluate the main effects of alfalfa form (chopped hay, dehydrated pellets, or a 50:50 mixture of hay:dehy) and level (5 or 10% of diet DM) on finishing steer performance. Alfalfa (third-cutting, 23.9% CP) was harvested in alternate rows from a common field. No interactions between alfalfa form and level were detected. Steers fed chopped hay or the 50:50 mixture gained faster (P<.05), consumed more feed (P<.05), and had heavier final and carcass weights (P<.05) than steers fed dehy pellets. Steers fed 10% alfalfa gained faster (P<.05), consumed more feed (P<.0003), and had heavier carcass weights (P<.02) vs those fed 5% alfalfa. Feed efficiency was unaffected by alfalfa form or level. Lower feed intakes and numerically higher incidences of liver abscesses indicated less ruminal tactile stimulation and more subacute acidosis for dehy pellets vs hay or the 50:50 mixture and for 5 vs 10% alfalfa, respectively. Positive associative responses of 5.1% (P = .07) on daily gain and 2.9% (P = .11) on dry matter intake suggested that the 50:50 mixture provided enough long particles for adequate rumen function at the alfalfa levels studied. Our results suggests more dehy pellets than chopped hay must be fed to provide similar roughage value.


The Effects Of Slow-Release Copper Boluses On Cow Reproductive Performance And Calf Growth (1992), J.D. Arthington, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah Jan 1992

The Effects Of Slow-Release Copper Boluses On Cow Reproductive Performance And Calf Growth (1992), J.D. Arthington, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two Kansas cow/calf herds known to be copper deficient were utilized to examine the effect of slow-release copper boluses. In herd I, 34 spring-calving cows and calves were divided into a treated and control group at 3-4 months following calving. In herd II, 1106 fall-calving cows and 172 calves were divided into a treated and control group at 3-4 months following calving. In both herds, cow liver and serum samples were collected and assayed for copper and iron. Cows in herd II were also examined for various reproductive parameters. Calf ADG was monitored over a 42-day treatment period in herd …


Effects Of Interactions Between Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (Amaferm) And Antimicrobial Compounds On The Growth Of Ruminal Bacteria (1992), A.A. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1992

Effects Of Interactions Between Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (Amaferm) And Antimicrobial Compounds On The Growth Of Ruminal Bacteria (1992), A.A. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of Amaferm, with or without antimicrobial compounds, was determined on the growth rate of pure cultures of predominant ruminal bacteria. Adding Amaferm to media containing chlortetracyline or neomycin tended to diminish the negative effects of those compounds on the growth rate of some ruminal bacteria, even when they had shown no positive response to Amaferm alone. However, adding Amaferm to media containing tylosin decreased the growth rate of Selenomonas ruminantium D. These results indicate that Amaferm interacts both positively and negatively with certain antimicrobial compounds.


Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin System: I. Effect On Inducement Of Puberty And Conception Rates (1992), L.R. Corah, J.R. Yaeger, J.C. Whittier, J.C. Meiske, D.J. Patterson, K. C. Olson Jan 1992

Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin System: I. Effect On Inducement Of Puberty And Conception Rates (1992), L.R. Corah, J.R. Yaeger, J.C. Whittier, J.C. Meiske, D.J. Patterson, K. C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the estrous response and fertility of yearling beef heifers after treatment with melengestrol acetate (MGA) and prostaglandin F2" (PG). The 304 heifers, at three locations, were allotted to two treatments: nonsynchronized controls and those receiving .5 mg MGA per head daily for 14 days followed by a 25 mg PG injection 17 days after the end of MGA feeding (MGA/PG). Heifers in the control and MGA/PG groups were artificially inseminated 12 hours after observed estrus for 21 days or 6 days after PG, respectively. Conception rate at first service and overall pregnancy rate did not differ (P>.10) …


Performance Of Rat-Tail Calves (1992), R.R. Schalles, Douglas A. Powell, L.V. Cundiff, J.B. Glaze Jan 1992

Performance Of Rat-Tail Calves (1992), R.R. Schalles, Douglas A. Powell, L.V. Cundiff, J.B. Glaze

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The rat-tail syndrome occurs in a small percentage of calves produced by crossing Continental breeds of cattle with Angus or Holstein. These calves are characterized by short, curly, malformed, sometimes sparse body hair and an abnormal tail switch. The performance of 43 rat-tail calves was compared to that of 570 normal calves of the same breeding and contemporary groups. All rat-tail calves were sired by Simmental bulls and were from cows with various percentages of Angus breeding. As the percentage of Angus increased, the frequency of rat-tail calves increased. The rat-tail condition had no effect on birth weight, weaning weight, …


Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Cull Beef Cows Implanted With Growth Promotants And Fed A High Concentrate Ration (1992), C.D. Cranwell, D.D. Simms, J.R. Brethour, John A. Unruh Jan 1992

Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Cull Beef Cows Implanted With Growth Promotants And Fed A High Concentrate Ration (1992), C.D. Cranwell, D.D. Simms, J.R. Brethour, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Open, cull beef cows fed a high concentrate ration for 28 or 56 days and implanted with Finaplix-H®, Synovex-H®, or both had improved gain and feed efficiency compared to controls (nonimplanted cows). Changes in ultrasound-measured backfat (12th rib) of implanted cows and controls were similar in both feeding periods. Marbling, fat color, and tenderness, as measured by Warner-Bratzler shear force, were not improved by feeding cows for 56 days compared to 28 days. However, lean color, dressing percent, and ribeye area were improved by feeding for 56 days. Numerical yield grade was lower (P<.05) in 28-day fed cows. Implanting with Synovex-H or Finaplix-H resulted in leaner carcasses with lower yield grades compared to controls. Ribeye area was increased by using Synovex-H compared to controls and Finaplix- H. These data indicate that the benefits in gain, feed efficiency, and carcass traits from implanting cull cows can be obtained by using either Synovex-H or Finaplix-H alone.


Evaluation Of 20 Corn Hybrids For Silage Agronomic Characteristics (1992), R.N. Sonon, B.S. Dalke, R. Suazo, L. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen Jan 1992

Evaluation Of 20 Corn Hybrids For Silage Agronomic Characteristics (1992), R.N. Sonon, B.S. Dalke, R. Suazo, L. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty corn hybrids were grown under irrigation and harvested at 90 % of the kernel milk line. Hybrid had a significant effect on plant height, whole-plant dry matter (DM) and DM yield, grain yield, stover yield, and plant part proportions. The highest whole-plant DM (45.9%) was for Cargill 7997, whereas the lowest was for Cargill 4327 (30.1%). Cargill 8427 and Pioneer 3245 had the highest wholeplant DM and grain yields, whereas Cargill 4327 was lowest. Grain yield and the percentage of grain in the whole-plant DM increased as the plant height increased.


Beef Empire Carcass Merit Days Index System (1992), T.H. Powell, S.D. Laudert, R.W. Lee, G. Seibert, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1992

Beef Empire Carcass Merit Days Index System (1992), T.H. Powell, S.D. Laudert, R.W. Lee, G. Seibert, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Kansas State University, in cooperation with the Beef Empire Days committee, developed a new beef carcass index system for 1991, incorporating yield and quality traits as indicators of carcass merit. Development of the system considered current industry and consumer demands in a critical evaluation of final carcass ranking. The index starts from 100 points and applies positive and negative adjustments for hot carcass weight; ribeye area; adjusted 12th rib fat thickness; percent kidney, pelvic, and heart fat; and quality grade. The index was first used in 1991.


Interrelationship Between Copper And Bovine Health (1992), Robert L. Larson, J.D. Arthington, L.R. Corah Jan 1992

Interrelationship Between Copper And Bovine Health (1992), Robert L. Larson, J.D. Arthington, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Trace mineral nutrition is important to production efficiency and animal health. Trace mineral imbalances may be the roots of many diagnosed or undiagnosed problems in a herd. The low cost of a complete mineral analysis when compared to production losses encourages its use in the evaluation of any bovine herd in which trace mineral imbalances are suspected. A systematic gathering of information on mineral intake, antagonist intake, and serum and tissue values is necessary in order to make a diagnosis and a rational treatment decision. It is important to understand the complex interactions between minerals so that supplementation with one …


Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Melengestrol Acetate®/Prostaglandin F2a System: Ii. Timed Insemination (1992), Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, S.V. Viker Jan 1992

Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Melengestrol Acetate®/Prostaglandin F2a System: Ii. Timed Insemination (1992), Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, S.V. Viker

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Inseminating heifers 72 hr after the PG injection in the melengestrol acetate/ prostaglandin F (MGA®/PG) estrous synchronization system, without regard to behavioral estrus, tended to improve (P=.2) the percent of heifers pregnant to artificial insemination (AI) when compared to synchronized heifers bred 12 h after they were first detected in estrus. In the timed inseminated treatment, heifers exhibiting behavioral estrus 48 to 72 h after PG tended to have a higher (P<.12) conception rate to AI than heifers showing estrus within 48 h after PG. For situations in which the number of heifers conceiving to AI is more economically important than first service conception rate, or when labor restrictions make estrous detection impossible, timed insemination at 72 h after PG in the MGA/PG system shows promise as a management option.


Production And Marketing Factors Influencing Fed Cattle Prices (1992), J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1992

Production And Marketing Factors Influencing Fed Cattle Prices (1992), J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An analysis of more than 1400 pens of cattle marketed during 1990 examined the influence of several cattle traits and marketing factors on fed cattle prices. Cattle quality grade had an important impact on packer bids and feedyard asking prices. However, both feedyard asking and packer purchase prices reflected less than 25%, on average, of estimated wholesale value differentials. Other factors, including estimated dressing percentage, finish uniformity, cattle weight, number of head purchased, presence of heiferettes, and cattle type had significant price impacts. Feedyards generally received what they asked for cattle; 65% of the pens sold for their asking prices. …


Effect Of Presponse® On The Gain And Health Of Long-Hauled, Newly Arrived Calves (1992), F.K. Brazle Jan 1992

Effect Of Presponse® On The Gain And Health Of Long-Hauled, Newly Arrived Calves (1992), F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Five hundred mixed-breed steer and bull calves (246 lbs) were divided into two treatment groups, with one group receiving a new Pasteurella haemolytica vaccine (Presponse®) at arrival. There was no difference between groups in terms of gain, mortality, or morbidity during the 32-day receiving study. The Presponse group required fewer (P<.09) medication days per animal purchased, resulting in $1.68 less drug cost per head than the control group.


Effect Of Castration Method On Stocker Health And Gain (1992), F.K. Brazle Jan 1992

Effect Of Castration Method On Stocker Health And Gain (1992), F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two field trials were conducted to compare two different band-castration techniques with surgical castration of calves and yearlings. In Trial I, the bull calves were surgically castrated or banded with Elastrator® rubber rings and compared with calves purchased as steers. Purchased steers gained faster (P<.05) during the 33-day receiving trial than bulls castrated by either method, but no difference was observed in percentage of sick calves. In Trial II, yearling bulls were surgically castrated or banded with the EZE® Bloodless Castrator device. Yearlings purchased as steers gained faster (P<.05) than EZE-castrated bulls during the 110-day trial. Bulls castrated by either method required more medications (P<.07) than steers. In both trials, there was no advantage to banding compared with surgical castration of bulls in terms of gain or health.


Effect Of 1174® Silage Inoculant On The Fermentation Of Corn Silages (1992), K.K. Bolsen, C. Lin, B.E. Brent, J.E. Bradford, A.M. Feyerherm Jan 1992

Effect Of 1174® Silage Inoculant On The Fermentation Of Corn Silages (1992), K.K. Bolsen, C. Lin, B.E. Brent, J.E. Bradford, A.M. Feyerherm

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of 1174® Silage Inoculant on the ensiling process was studied using three Pioneer corn hybrids. All hybrids fermented rapidly, and 1174 did not significantly influence any of the fermentation characteristics during the 120 days. The epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts on the chopped corn plants were high; 14 times greater than the numbers of LAB provided by the inoculant. Although during fermentation, statistically significant differences occurred among the hybrids for fermentation end-products, no observed trends suggested that hybrid effects were real.


Losses From Top Spoilage In Horizontal Silos In Western Kansas (1992), J.T. Dickerson, G. Ashbell, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, L. Pfaff, Y. Niwa Jan 1992

Losses From Top Spoilage In Horizontal Silos In Western Kansas (1992), J.T. Dickerson, G. Ashbell, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, L. Pfaff, Y. Niwa

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The top 3 ft. of silage from each of 30 horizontal silos in western Kansas was sampled at three locations across the width of the silo for 2 consecutive years (1990 and 1991). Ninety-five percent of the silages were either corn or forage sorghum, and only 22 percent of the silos were sealed with polyethylene sheeting. Losses of organic matter (OM) from spoilage were estimated by using ash content as an internal marker. Sealing silos dramatically reduced the estimated spoilage losses in the top 3 ft. All silages had greater estimated spoilage losses in the top 18 in. in 1991 …


Variation In The Quality Of Forage Grazed By Pregnant/Lactating Beef Cows At Key Periods In The Year (1992), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Stanley Jan 1992

Variation In The Quality Of Forage Grazed By Pregnant/Lactating Beef Cows At Key Periods In The Year (1992), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Stanley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seven ruminal and esophageally fistulated crossbred beef cows were used to monitor changes in chemical composition of tallgrass-prairie forage selected during November of 1989 and January, March, June, and August of 1990. Quality of forage selected by beef cows was lowest during the period just before calving (cows calved in early February) but had begun to improve by the March sampling (postpartum period) and reached its peak during June sampling period (breeding season). Observed variability in the fiber and protein components of grazed forage highlights the dynamic nature of forage quality and emphasizes the importance of using such information when …


Influence Of Level Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Bluestem Range (1992), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran Jan 1992

Influence Of Level Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Bluestem Range (1992), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred thirteen pregnant Hereford x Angus cows were used to study the effect of increasing levels of supplemental alfalfa hay on performance when grazing winter bluestem range. Although no differences were observed in reproductive performance, increasing the amount supplemental alfalfa from approximately .5% up to 1.0% of body weight resulted in increased weight gain and reduced condition loss in cows and increased weaning weight in calves. However, time spent grazing was significantly decreased in those groups receiving larger amounts of supplemental alfalfa.


Influence Of Limited Creep Feeding On Pre- And Post-Weaning Performance Of Spring Born Calves (1992), F.K. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, C.E. Binns, K.O. Zoellner, L.R. Corah, R.R. Schalles Jan 1992

Influence Of Limited Creep Feeding On Pre- And Post-Weaning Performance Of Spring Born Calves (1992), F.K. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, C.E. Binns, K.O. Zoellner, L.R. Corah, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Spring-born suckling beef calves were offered salt-limited creep feeds containing either high protein, high energy, or energy plus Bovatec® from August 15 to October 15 in a 3- year study. Creep feeding improved (P<.01) daily gain over controls, but no differences were attributable to creep composition. Daily creep feed consumption was somewhat less for the protein fed group, resulting in improved feed conversion compared to the energy-based supplement, with the energy plus Bovatec creep feed intermediate in efficiency. Creep feeding improved 53-day postweaning gains (P<.01). Overall, limited creep feeding boosted both pre- and postweaning performance, with no difference in gain among the three types of creep rations studied.


Causes Of Diarrhea, Pneumonia, And Abortion In 1991 Cattle Submissions To The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (1992), R.K. Frank, M.W. Vorhies, M. M. Chengappa Jan 1992

Causes Of Diarrhea, Pneumonia, And Abortion In 1991 Cattle Submissions To The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (1992), R.K. Frank, M.W. Vorhies, M. M. Chengappa

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Causes of diarrhea, pneumonia, and abortion in Kansas cattle submissions to the Kansas State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory during 1991 were summarized. Antimicrobial susceptibility results for Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Hemophilus somnus, and Salmonella spp., the common causes of pneumonia and/or diarrhea in cattle with increasing antibiotic resistance patterns, were also summarized. The most commonly diagnosed causes of diarrhea in young calves (under 1 month of age) were coronavirus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. The three most common causes of diarrhea in 1 to 18 month-old cattle were BVD virus, coccidia, and Salmonella. Most respiratory submissions were 7- to 18-month-old cattle. …