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Articles 1 - 30 of 59
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Virus Discovery In All Three Major Lineages Of Terrestrial Arthropods Highlights The Diversity Of Single-Stranded Dna Viruses Associated With Invertebrates, Karyna Rosario, Kaitlin Mettel, Bayleigh Benner, Ryan Johnson, Catherine Scott, Sohath Yusseff-Vanegas, Christopher Baker, Deby Cassill, Caroline Storer, Arvind Varsani, Mya Breitbart
Virus Discovery In All Three Major Lineages Of Terrestrial Arthropods Highlights The Diversity Of Single-Stranded Dna Viruses Associated With Invertebrates, Karyna Rosario, Kaitlin Mettel, Bayleigh Benner, Ryan Johnson, Catherine Scott, Sohath Yusseff-Vanegas, Christopher Baker, Deby Cassill, Caroline Storer, Arvind Varsani, Mya Breitbart
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Viruses encoding a replication-associated protein (Rep) within a covalently closed, single-stranded (ss)DNA genome are among the smallest viruses known to infect eukaryotic organisms, including economically valuable agricultural crops and livestock. Although circular Rep-encoding ssDNA (CRESS DNA) viruses are a widespread group for which our knowledge is rapidly expanding, biased sampling toward vertebrates and land plants has limited our understanding of their diversity and evolution. Here, we screened terrestrial arthropods for CRESS DNA viruses and report the identification of 44 viral genomes and replicons associated with specimens representing all three major terrestrial arthropod lineages, namely Euchelicerata (spiders), Hexapoda (insects), and Myriapoda …
Automated Classification Of Dolphin Echolocation Click Types From The Gulf Of Mexico, Kaitlin E. Fraiser, Marie A. Roch, Melissa S. Soldevilla, Lance P. Garrison, John A. Hildebrand
Automated Classification Of Dolphin Echolocation Click Types From The Gulf Of Mexico, Kaitlin E. Fraiser, Marie A. Roch, Melissa S. Soldevilla, Lance P. Garrison, John A. Hildebrand
C-IMAGE Publications
Delphinids produce large numbers of short duration, broadband echolocation clicks which may be useful for species classification in passive acoustic monitoring efforts. A challenge in echolocation click classification is to overcome the many sources of variability to recognize underlying patterns across many detections. An automated unsupervised network-based classification method was developed to simulate the approach a human analyst uses when categorizing click types: Clusters of similar clicks were identified by incorporating multiple click characteristics (spectral shape and inter-click interval distributions) to distinguish within-type from between-type variation, and identify distinct, persistent click types. Once click types were established, an algorithm for …
Species-Specific Metabolism Of Naphthalene And Phenanthrene In 3 Species Of Marine Teleosts Exposed To Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil, Erin Pulster, Kevan Main, Dana Wetzel, Steven Murawski
Species-Specific Metabolism Of Naphthalene And Phenanthrene In 3 Species Of Marine Teleosts Exposed To Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil, Erin Pulster, Kevan Main, Dana Wetzel, Steven Murawski
C-IMAGE Publications
The 2 most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) measured in Deepwater Horizon crude oil, naphthalene and phenanthrene, and their associated homologs have both been shown to be acutely toxic in fish. Although fish have a relatively high metabolic capacity for PAHs, hydroxylated PAH (OH-PAH) derivatives formed during the initial metabolic response can negatively impact the health of fish. Species-specific metabolism of naphthalene and phenanthrene was evaluated in 3 marine teleosts, red drum (Scianops ocellatus), Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus), and southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma). Fish were exposed to Deepwater Horizon crude oil by intraperitoneal injections at time 0 and 48 h, …
Editorial: Organic Ligands – A Key Control On Trace Metal Biogeochemistry In The Ocean, Kristen N. Buck, Maeve Lohan, Sylvia Sander, Christel Hassler, Ivanka Pižeta
Editorial: Organic Ligands – A Key Control On Trace Metal Biogeochemistry In The Ocean, Kristen N. Buck, Maeve Lohan, Sylvia Sander, Christel Hassler, Ivanka Pižeta
Marine Science Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Predicting The Consequence Of Natural And Chemical Dispersion For Oil Slick Size Over Time, Marieke Zeinstra-Helfrich, Wierd Koops, Albertinka Murk
Predicting The Consequence Of Natural And Chemical Dispersion For Oil Slick Size Over Time, Marieke Zeinstra-Helfrich, Wierd Koops, Albertinka Murk
C-IMAGE Publications
Application of dispersants aims to enhance the natural dispersion process in order to reduce the size of the slick and the amount of oil at the surface. This study presents an approach for modeling the development of the surface oil slick as a function of the wind speed, oil viscosity, and dispersant application. We modeled the oil slick mass distribution across a transect through the slick over time taking into account the continuous entrainment of oil, resurfacing process of the different oil droplet size classes and horizontal transport. Outcomes show distinctively different oil slick features, depending on how favorable conditions …
Reef Calcifiers Are Adapted To Episodic Heat Stress But Vulnerable To Sustained Warming, Marleen Stuhr, Claire E. Reymond, Vera Rieder, Pamela Hallock, Jörg Rahnenführer, Hildegard Westphal, Michal Kucera
Reef Calcifiers Are Adapted To Episodic Heat Stress But Vulnerable To Sustained Warming, Marleen Stuhr, Claire E. Reymond, Vera Rieder, Pamela Hallock, Jörg Rahnenführer, Hildegard Westphal, Michal Kucera
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Shallow marine ecosystems naturally experience fluctuating physicochemical conditions across spatial and temporal scales. Widespread coral-bleaching events, induced by prolonged heat stress, highlight the importance of how the duration and frequency of thermal stress influence the adaptive physiology of photosymbiotic calcifiers. Large benthic foraminifera harboring algal endosymbionts are major tropical carbonate producers and bioindicators of ecosystem health. Like corals, they are sensitive to thermal stress and bleach at temperatures temporarily occurring in their natural habitat and projected to happen more frequently. However, their thermal tolerance has been studied so far only by chronic exposure, so how they respond under more realistic …
Large-Scale Deposition Of Weathered Oil In The Gulf Of Mexico Following A Deep-Water Oil Spill, Isabel Romero, Gerardo Toro-Farmer, Arne R. Diercks, Patrick Schwing, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Steven Murawski, David Hollander
Large-Scale Deposition Of Weathered Oil In The Gulf Of Mexico Following A Deep-Water Oil Spill, Isabel Romero, Gerardo Toro-Farmer, Arne R. Diercks, Patrick Schwing, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Steven Murawski, David Hollander
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The blowout of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) drilling rig in 2010 released an unprecedented amount of oil at depth (1,500 m) into the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Sedimentary geochemical data from an extensive area (∼194,000 km2) was used to characterize the amount, chemical signature, distribution, and extent of the DWH oil deposited on the seafloor in 2010–2011 from coastal to deep-sea areas in the GoM. The analysis of numerous hydrocarbon compounds (N = 158) and sediment cores (N = 2,613) suggests that, 1.9 ± 0.9 × 104 metric tons of hydrocarbons (>C9 saturated and aromatic fractions) were deposited in …
Optical Backscattering Measured By Airborne Lidar And Underwater Glider, James H. Churnside, Richard D. Marchbanks, Chad Lembke, Jordon Beckler
Optical Backscattering Measured By Airborne Lidar And Underwater Glider, James H. Churnside, Richard D. Marchbanks, Chad Lembke, Jordon Beckler
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The optical backscattering from particles in the ocean is an important quantity that has been measured by remote sensing techniques and in situ instruments. In this paper, we compare estimates of this quantity from airborne lidar with those from an in situ instrument on an underwater glider. Both of these technologies allow much denser sampling of backscatter profiles than traditional ship surveys. We found a moderate correlation (R = 0.28, p < 10−5), with differences that are partially explained by spatial and temporal sampling mismatches, variability in particle composition, and lidar retrieval errors. The data suggest that there are two …
Linkage Mapping And Comparative Genomics Of Red Drum (Sciaenops Ocellatus) Using Next-Generation Sequencing, Christopher M. Hollenbeck, David S. Portnoy, Dana Wetzel, Tracy A. Sherwood, Paul B. Samollow, John R. Gold
Linkage Mapping And Comparative Genomics Of Red Drum (Sciaenops Ocellatus) Using Next-Generation Sequencing, Christopher M. Hollenbeck, David S. Portnoy, Dana Wetzel, Tracy A. Sherwood, Paul B. Samollow, John R. Gold
C-IMAGE Publications
Developments in next-generation sequencing allow genotyping of thousands of genetic markers across hundreds of individuals in a cost-effective manner. Because of this, it is now possible to rapidly produce dense genetic linkage maps for nonmodel species. Here, we report a dense genetic linkage map for red drum, a marine fish species of considerable economic importance in the southeastern United States and elsewhere. We used a prior microsatellite-based linkage map as a framework and incorporated 1794 haplotyped contigs derived from high-throughput, reduced representation DNA sequencing to produce a linkage map containing 1794 haplotyped restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) contigs, 437 anonymous microsatellites, …
The Experimental Flow To The Colorado River Delta: Effects On Carbon Mobilization In A Dry Watercourse, Thomas S. Bianchi, David Butman, Peter A. Raymond, Nicholas D. Ward, Rory J. Kates, Karl W. Flessa, Hector Zamora, Ana Arellano, Jorge Ramirez, Eliana Rodriguez
The Experimental Flow To The Colorado River Delta: Effects On Carbon Mobilization In A Dry Watercourse, Thomas S. Bianchi, David Butman, Peter A. Raymond, Nicholas D. Ward, Rory J. Kates, Karl W. Flessa, Hector Zamora, Ana Arellano, Jorge Ramirez, Eliana Rodriguez
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Here we report on the effects of an experimental flood on the carbon cycling dynamics in the dry watercourse of the Colorado River in Mexico. We observed post-flood differences in the degree of decay, age, and concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), as well as dissolved CH4 and CO2 concentrations throughout the study site. Our results indicate that this flooded waterway was a limited source of CH4 and CO2 to the atmosphere during the event and that DOC age increased with time of flooding. Based on our findings, we suggest that the interplay between storage and …
Krillbase: A Circumpolar Database Of Antarctic Krill And Salp Numerical Densities, 1926–2016, Angus Atkinson, Siemon L. Hill, Evgeny A. Pakhomov, Volker Siegel, Ricardo Anadon, Sanae Chiba, Kendra L. Daly, Rod Downie, Sophie Fielding
Krillbase: A Circumpolar Database Of Antarctic Krill And Salp Numerical Densities, 1926–2016, Angus Atkinson, Siemon L. Hill, Evgeny A. Pakhomov, Volker Siegel, Ricardo Anadon, Sanae Chiba, Kendra L. Daly, Rod Downie, Sophie Fielding
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and salps are major macroplankton contributors to Southern Ocean food webs and krill are also fished commercially. Managing this fishery sustainably, against a backdrop of rapid regional climate change, requires information on distribution and time trends. Many data on the abundance of both taxa have been obtained from net sampling surveys since 1926, but much of this is stored in national archives, sometimes only in notebooks. In order to make these important data accessible we have collated available abundance data (numerical density, no. m−2 ) of postlarval E. superba and salp individual (multiple …
Towards The Complete Proteinaceous Regulome Of Acinetobacter Baumannii, Leila G. Casella, Andy Weiss, Ernesto Pérez-Rueda, J Antonio Ibarra, Lindsey N. Shaw
Towards The Complete Proteinaceous Regulome Of Acinetobacter Baumannii, Leila G. Casella, Andy Weiss, Ernesto Pérez-Rueda, J Antonio Ibarra, Lindsey N. Shaw
Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications
The emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii strains, with broad multidrug-resistance phenotypes and novel virulence factors unique to hypervirulent strains, presents a major threat to human health worldwide. Although a number of studies have described virulence-affecting entities for this organism, very few have identified regulatory elements controlling their expression. Previously, our group has documented the global identification and curation of regulatory RNAs in A. baumannii. As such, in the present study, we detail an extension of this work, the performance of an extensive bioinformatic analysis to identify regulatory proteins in the recently annotated genome of the highly virulent AB5075 strain. In so …
Genome Sequence Of Euphorbia Mosaic Virus From Passionfruit And Euphorbia Heterophylla In Florida, J. E. Polston, M. A. Londoño, A. L. Cohen, M. Padilla-Rodriguez, K. Rosario, Mya Breitbart
Genome Sequence Of Euphorbia Mosaic Virus From Passionfruit And Euphorbia Heterophylla In Florida, J. E. Polston, M. A. Londoño, A. L. Cohen, M. Padilla-Rodriguez, K. Rosario, Mya Breitbart
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Euphorbia mosaic virus (EuMV) was found in a symptomatic passionfruit (Passiflora edulis) plant from Homestead, Florida, USA, as well as in the symptomatic weed Euphorbia heterophylla. This is the first identification of EuMV in Florida and the United States and the first report of a natural infection of passionfruit by EuMV.
An Ice Sheet Model Validation Framework For The Greenland Ice Sheet, Stephen F. Price, Matthew J. Hoffman, Jennifer A. Bonin, Ian M. Howat, Thomas Neumann, Jack Saba, Irina Tezaur, Jeffrey Guerber, Don P. Chambers, Katherine J. Evans, Joseph H. Kennedy, Jan Lenaerts, William H. Lipscomb, Mauro Perego, Andrew G. Salinger, Raymond S. Tuminaro, Michiel R. Van Den Broeke, Sophie M. Nowicki
An Ice Sheet Model Validation Framework For The Greenland Ice Sheet, Stephen F. Price, Matthew J. Hoffman, Jennifer A. Bonin, Ian M. Howat, Thomas Neumann, Jack Saba, Irina Tezaur, Jeffrey Guerber, Don P. Chambers, Katherine J. Evans, Joseph H. Kennedy, Jan Lenaerts, William H. Lipscomb, Mauro Perego, Andrew G. Salinger, Raymond S. Tuminaro, Michiel R. Van Den Broeke, Sophie M. Nowicki
Marine Science Faculty Publications
We propose a new ice sheet model validation framework – the Cryospheric Model Comparison Tool (CmCt) – that takes advantage of ice sheet altimetry and gravimetry observations collected over the past several decades and is applied here to modeling of the Greenland ice sheet. We use realistic simulations performed with the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM) along with two idealized, non-dynamic models to demonstrate the framework and its use. Dynamic simulations with CISM are forced from 1991 to 2013, using combinations of reanalysis-based surface mass balance and observations of outlet glacier flux change. We propose and demonstrate qualitative and quantitative …
Accuracy Of Climate-Based Forecasts Of Pathogen Spread, Annakate M. Schatz, Andrew M. Kramer, John M. Drake
Accuracy Of Climate-Based Forecasts Of Pathogen Spread, Annakate M. Schatz, Andrew M. Kramer, John M. Drake
Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications
Species distribution models (SDMs) are a tool for predicting the eventual geographical range of an emerging pathogen. Most SDMs, however, rely on an assumption of equilibrium with the environment, which an emerging pathogen, by definition, has not reached. To determine if some SDM approaches work better than others for modelling the spread of emerging, non-equilibrium pathogens, we studied time-sensitive predictive performance of SDMs for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a devastating infectious fungus of amphibians, using multiple methods trained on time-incremented subsets of the available data. We split our data into timeline-based training and testing sets, and evaluated models on each set …
Genetic And Epigenetic Variation In Spartina Alterniflora Following The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Marta Robertson, Aaron Schrey, Ashley Shayter, Christina J. Moss, Christina Richards
Genetic And Epigenetic Variation In Spartina Alterniflora Following The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Marta Robertson, Aaron Schrey, Ashley Shayter, Christina J. Moss, Christina Richards
Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications
Catastrophic events offer unique opportunities to study rapid population response to stress in natural settings. In concert with genetic variation, epigenetic mechanisms may allow populations to persist through severe environmental challenges. In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill devastated large portions of the coastline along the Gulf of Mexico. However, the foundational salt marsh grass, Spartina alterniflora, showed high resilience to this strong environmental disturbance. Following the spill, we simultaneously examined the genetic and epigenetic structure of recovering populations of S. alterniflora to oil exposure. We quantified genetic and DNA methylation variation using amplified fragment length polymorphism and methylation …
Suitability Of Laurentian Great Lakes For Invasive Species Based On Global Species Distribution Models And Local Habitat, Andrew M. Kramer, Gust Annis, Marion E. Wittmann, William L. Chadderton, Edward S. Rutherford, David M. Lodge, Lacey Mason, Dmitry Beletsky, Catherine Riseng, John M. Drake
Suitability Of Laurentian Great Lakes For Invasive Species Based On Global Species Distribution Models And Local Habitat, Andrew M. Kramer, Gust Annis, Marion E. Wittmann, William L. Chadderton, Edward S. Rutherford, David M. Lodge, Lacey Mason, Dmitry Beletsky, Catherine Riseng, John M. Drake
Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications
Efficient management and prevention of species invasions requires accurate prediction of where species of concern can arrive and persist. Species distribution models provide one way to identify potentially suitable habitat by developing the relationship between climate variables and species occurrence data. However, these models when applied to freshwater invasions are complicated by two factors. The first is that the range expansions that typically occur as part of the invasion process violate standard species distribution model assumptions of data stationarity. Second, predicting potential range of freshwater aquatic species is complicated by the reliance on terrestrial climate measurements to develop occurrence relationships …
Changing Measurements Or Changing Movements? Sampling Scale And Movement Model Identifiability Across Generations Of Biologging Technology, Leah R. Johnson, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Richard A. Phillips, Sadie J. Ryan
Changing Measurements Or Changing Movements? Sampling Scale And Movement Model Identifiability Across Generations Of Biologging Technology, Leah R. Johnson, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Richard A. Phillips, Sadie J. Ryan
Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications
Animal movement patterns contribute to our understanding of variation in breeding success and survival of individuals, and the implications for population dynamics. Over time, sensor technology for measuring movement patterns has improved. Although older technologies may be rendered obsolete, the existing data are still valuable, especially if new and old data can be compared to test whether a behavior has changed over time. We used simulated data to assess the ability to quantify and correctly identify patterns of seabird flight lengths under observational regimes used in successive generations of wet/dry logging technology. Care must be taken when comparing data collected …
Microbe Biogeography Tracks Water Masses In A Dynamic Oceanic Frontal System, Anni Djurhuus, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Svein-Ole Mikalse, Alex D. Rogers
Microbe Biogeography Tracks Water Masses In A Dynamic Oceanic Frontal System, Anni Djurhuus, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Svein-Ole Mikalse, Alex D. Rogers
Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications
Dispersal limitation, not just environmental selection, plays an important role in microbial biogeography. The distance–decay relationship is thought to be weak in habitats where dispersal is high, such as in the pelagic environment, where ocean currents facilitate microbial dispersal. Most studies of microbial community composition to date have observed little geographical heterogeneity on a regional scale (100 km). We present a study of microbial communities across a dynamic frontal zone in the southwest Indian Ocean and investigate the spatial structure of the microbes with respect to the different water masses separated by these fronts. We collected 153 samples of free-living …
A Family Of Genus-Specific Rnas In Tandem With Dna-Binding Proteins Control Expression Of The Bada Major Virulence Factor Gene In Bartonella Henselae, Nhan Tu, Ronan K. Carroll, Andy Weiss, Lindsey N. Shaw, Gael Nicolas, Sarah Thomas, Amorce Lima, Udoka Okaro, Burt Anderson
A Family Of Genus-Specific Rnas In Tandem With Dna-Binding Proteins Control Expression Of The Bada Major Virulence Factor Gene In Bartonella Henselae, Nhan Tu, Ronan K. Carroll, Andy Weiss, Lindsey N. Shaw, Gael Nicolas, Sarah Thomas, Amorce Lima, Udoka Okaro, Burt Anderson
Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications
Bartonella henselae is a gram-negative zoonotic bacterium that causes infections in humans including endocarditis and bacillary angiomatosis. B. henselae has been shown to grow as large aggregates and form biofilms in vitro. The aggregative growth and the angiogenic host response requires the trimeric autotransporter adhesin BadA. We examined the transcriptome of the Houston-1 strain of B. henselae using RNA-seq revealing nine novel, highly-expressed intergenic transcripts (Bartonella regulatory transcript, Brt1-9). The Brt family of RNAs is unique to the genus Bartonella and ranges from 194 to 203 nucleotides with high homology and stable predicted secondary structures. Immediately downstream of each …
Remote Estimation Of Biomass Of Ulva Prolifera Macroalgae In The Yellow Sea, Lianbo Hu, Chuanmin Hu, He Ming-Xia
Remote Estimation Of Biomass Of Ulva Prolifera Macroalgae In The Yellow Sea, Lianbo Hu, Chuanmin Hu, He Ming-Xia
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Since 2008, macroalgal blooms of Ulva prolifera (also called green tides) occurred every summer in the Yellow Sea (YS), causing environmental and economic problems. A number of studies have used satellite observations to estimate the severity of the blooms through estimating the bloom size and duration. However, a critical bloom parameter, namely biomass, has never been objectively determined due to lack of measurements. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to measure U. prolifera biomass (wet weight) per unit area and the corresponding spectral reflectance, through which a robust relationship has been established to link biomass per area to …
Land Adjacency Effects On Modis Aqua Top-Of-Atmosphere Radiance In The Shortwave Infrared: Statistical Assessment And Correction, Lian Feng, Chuanmin Hu
Land Adjacency Effects On Modis Aqua Top-Of-Atmosphere Radiance In The Shortwave Infrared: Statistical Assessment And Correction, Lian Feng, Chuanmin Hu
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Satellite measurements of coastal or inland waters near land/water interfaces suffer from land adjacency effects (LAEs), particularly in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavelengths. Here a statistical method was developed to quantify the LAEs as the ratio of top-of-atmosphere (TOA) total radiance (Lt, W m−2 µm−1 sr−1) between near-shore pixels and LAE-free offshore pixels (>12 pixels away from land). The calculations were conducted using MODIS Aqua images between 2003 and 2012 over the Madagascar Island, with results showing the dependency of LAEs on different environmental and observational factors. The LAEs decrease dramatically with increasing …
Remote-Sensing Estimation Of Phytoplankton Size Classes From Goci Satellite Measurements In Bohai Sea And Yellow Sea, Deyong Sun, Yu Huan, Zhongfeng Qiu, Chuanmin Hu, Shengqiang Wang, Yijun He
Remote-Sensing Estimation Of Phytoplankton Size Classes From Goci Satellite Measurements In Bohai Sea And Yellow Sea, Deyong Sun, Yu Huan, Zhongfeng Qiu, Chuanmin Hu, Shengqiang Wang, Yijun He
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Phytoplankton size class (PSC), a measure of different phytoplankton functional and structural groups, is a key parameter to the understanding of many marine ecological and biogeochemical processes. In turbid waters where optical properties may be influenced by terrigenous discharge and nonphytoplankton water constituents, remote estimation of PSC is still a challenging task. Here based on measurements of phytoplankton diagnostic pigments, total chlorophyll a, and spectral reflectance in turbid waters of Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea during summer 2015, a customized model is developed and validated to estimate PSC in the two semienclosed seas. Five diagnostic pigments determined through high-performance …
Cloud And Sun-Glint Statistics Derived From Goes And Modis Observations Over The Intra-Americas Sea For Geo-Cape Mission Planning, Lian Feng, Chuanmin Hu, Brian B. Barnes, Antonio Mannino, Andrew K. Heidinger, Kathleen Strabala, Laura T. Iraci
Cloud And Sun-Glint Statistics Derived From Goes And Modis Observations Over The Intra-Americas Sea For Geo-Cape Mission Planning, Lian Feng, Chuanmin Hu, Brian B. Barnes, Antonio Mannino, Andrew K. Heidinger, Kathleen Strabala, Laura T. Iraci
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Knowledge of cloud cover, frequency, and duration is not only important to study cloud dynamics, but also critical in determining when and where to take ocean measurements from geostationary orbits such as the Geostationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO-CAPE) mission due to the challenges in achieving complete hemispheric coverage of coastal oceans, estuaries, and inland waters at hourly frequency. Using GOES hourly measurements at 4 km nadir resolution between 2006 and 2011, the number of cloud-free hourly observations per day (Ncf) for solar zenith angle θo < 80° was estimated for each 0.1° location of the Intra-Americas Sea. The number of Sun-glint-affected hourly observations per day (Nsg) was also calculated based on the …
Requirement Of Minimal Signal-To-Noise Ratios Of Ocean Color Sensors And Uncertainties Of Ocean Color Products, Lin Qi, Zhongping Lee, Chuanmin Hu, Menghua Wang
Requirement Of Minimal Signal-To-Noise Ratios Of Ocean Color Sensors And Uncertainties Of Ocean Color Products, Lin Qi, Zhongping Lee, Chuanmin Hu, Menghua Wang
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Using simulations, error propagation theory, and measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), we determined the minimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) required for ocean color measurements and product uncertainties at different spatial and temporal scales. First, based on typical top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance over the ocean, we evaluate the uncertainties in satellite-derived Rrs in the visible wavelengths (ΔRrs(vis)) due to sensor noise in both the near-infrared (NIR) and the visible bands. While the former induces noise in Rrs(vis) through atmospheric correction, the latter has a direct impact on Rrs(vis). Such estimated uncertainties are …
Satellite Observation Of Particulate Organic Carbon Dynamics On The Louisiana Continental Shelf, Chengfeng Le, John C. Lehrter, Chuanmin Hu, Hugh Macintyre, Marcus W. Beck
Satellite Observation Of Particulate Organic Carbon Dynamics On The Louisiana Continental Shelf, Chengfeng Le, John C. Lehrter, Chuanmin Hu, Hugh Macintyre, Marcus W. Beck
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Particulate organic carbon (POC) plays an important role in coastal carbon cycling and the formation of hypoxia. Yet, coastal POC dynamics are often poorly understood due to a lack of long-term POC observations and the complexity of coastal hydrodynamic and biogeochemical processes that influence POC sources and sinks. Using field observations and satellite ocean color products, we developed a new multiple regression algorithm to estimate POC on the Louisiana Continental Shelf (LCS) from satellite observations. The algorithm had reliable performance with mean relative error (MRE) of ∼40% and root mean square error (RMSE) of ∼50% for MODIS and SeaWiFS images …
Limited Grounding-Line Advance Onto The West Antarctic Continental Shelf In The Easternmost Amundsen Sea Embayment During The Last Glacial Period, Johann P. Klages, Gerhard Kuhn, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James A. Smith, Alastair G. C. Graham, Frank O. Nitsche, Thomas Frederichs, Patrycja E. Jernas, Karsten Gohl, Lukas Wacker
Limited Grounding-Line Advance Onto The West Antarctic Continental Shelf In The Easternmost Amundsen Sea Embayment During The Last Glacial Period, Johann P. Klages, Gerhard Kuhn, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James A. Smith, Alastair G. C. Graham, Frank O. Nitsche, Thomas Frederichs, Patrycja E. Jernas, Karsten Gohl, Lukas Wacker
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Precise knowledge about the extent of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; c. 26.5–19 cal. ka BP) is important in order to 1) improve paleo-ice sheet reconstructions, 2) provide a robust empirical framework for calibrating paleo-ice sheet models, and 3) locate potential shelf refugia for Antarctic benthos during the last glacial period. However, reliable reconstructions are still lacking for many WAIS sectors, particularly for key areas on the outer continental shelf, where the LGM-ice sheet is assumed to have terminated. In many areas of the outer continental shelf around Antarctica, direct geological data for …
Diverse Landscapes Beneath Pine Island Glacier Influence Ice Flow, Robert G. Bingham, David G. Vaughan, Edward C. King, Damon Davies, Stephen L. Cornford, Andrew M. Smith, Robert J. Arthern, Alex M. Brisbourne, Rydt, Jan De Rydt, Alastair G. C. Graham, Matteo Spagnolo, Oliver J. Marsh, David E. Shean
Diverse Landscapes Beneath Pine Island Glacier Influence Ice Flow, Robert G. Bingham, David G. Vaughan, Edward C. King, Damon Davies, Stephen L. Cornford, Andrew M. Smith, Robert J. Arthern, Alex M. Brisbourne, Rydt, Jan De Rydt, Alastair G. C. Graham, Matteo Spagnolo, Oliver J. Marsh, David E. Shean
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The retreating Pine Island Glacier (PIG), West Antarctica, presently contributes ~5–10% of global sea-level rise. PIG’s retreat rate has increased in recent decades with associated thinning migrating upstream into tributaries feeding the main glacier trunk. To project future change requires modelling that includes robust parameterisation of basal traction, the resistance to ice flow at the bed. However, most ice-sheet models estimate basal traction from satellite-derived surface velocity, without a priori knowledge of the key processes from which it is derived, namely friction at the ice-bed interface and form drag, and the resistance to ice flow that arises as ice deforms …
Major Advance Of South Georgia Glaciers During The Antarctic Cold Reversal Following Extensive Sub-Antarctic Glaciation, Alastair G. C. Graham, Gerhard Kuhn, Ove Meisel, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Dominic A. Hodgson, Werner Ehrmann, Lukas Wacker, Paul Wintersteller, Santos Ferreira, Dos Santos Ferreira, Miriam Römer, Duanne White, Gerhard Bohrmann
Major Advance Of South Georgia Glaciers During The Antarctic Cold Reversal Following Extensive Sub-Antarctic Glaciation, Alastair G. C. Graham, Gerhard Kuhn, Ove Meisel, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Dominic A. Hodgson, Werner Ehrmann, Lukas Wacker, Paul Wintersteller, Santos Ferreira, Dos Santos Ferreira, Miriam Römer, Duanne White, Gerhard Bohrmann
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The history of glaciations on Southern Hemisphere sub-polar islands is unclear. Debate surrounds the extent and timing of the last glacial advance and termination on sub-Antarctic South Georgia in particular. Here, using sea-floor geophysical data and marine sediment cores, we resolve the record of glaciation offshore of South Georgia through the transition from the Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene. We show a sea-bed landform imprint of a shelf-wide last glacial advance and progressive deglaciation. Renewed glacier resurgence in the fjords between c. 15,170 and 13,340 yr ago coincided with a period of cooler, wetter climate known as the Antarctic Cold …
Recommendations On The Use Of Ecosystem Modeling For Informing Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management And Restoration Outcomes In The Gulf Of Mexico, Arnaud Grüss, Kenneth A. Rose, James Simons, Cameron H. Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. Babcock, David D. Chagaris, Kim De Mutsert, John Froeschke, Peter Himchak, Isaac C. Kaplan, Halie O’Farrell, Manuel J. Zetina Rejon
Recommendations On The Use Of Ecosystem Modeling For Informing Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management And Restoration Outcomes In The Gulf Of Mexico, Arnaud Grüss, Kenneth A. Rose, James Simons, Cameron H. Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. Babcock, David D. Chagaris, Kim De Mutsert, John Froeschke, Peter Himchak, Isaac C. Kaplan, Halie O’Farrell, Manuel J. Zetina Rejon
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) and ecosystem restoration are gaining momentum worldwide, including in U.S. waters of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Ecosystem models are valuable tools for informing EBFM and restoration activities. In this paper, we provide guidance and a roadmap for ecosystem modeling in the GOM region, with an emphasis on model development and use of model products to inform EBFM and the increasing investments in restoration. We propose eight “best practices” for ecosystem modeling efforts, including (1) identification of priority management questions, (2) scenarios as simulation experiments, (3) calibration and validation needs, (4) sensitivity and uncertainty analyses, (5) …