Life Sciences Commons^™

Sub-Typing Of Prrsv Isolates By Means Of Measurement Of Cross-Neutralization Reactions, Fernando A. Osorio

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The degree of similitude or closeness between two different isolates or strains of PRRSV is very important for deciding which strains should be used for immunization, by either vaccinating with commercial vaccines or attempting to stabilize a herd with planned wt PRRSV infection. As previously known for certain important viral diseases, such as in Foot and Mouth Disease, the reciprocal (cross-) neutralization titers between two strains may be of utmost importance to establish the degree of similarity or difference between these. There is currently a void of methods that would allow distinguishing or grouping strains of PRRSV in a manner …

Identificación Parasitaria De Monos Tití Cabeciblanco Saguinus Oedipus Del Proyecto Tití, Santa Catalina, Bolívar, Diana Marcela Barrera Pinillos

Medicina Veterinaria

Los parásitos de los Saguinus oedipus como los de los primates del nuevo mundo en general, han sido estudiados en primates en cautiverio, pero en vida silvestre son muy poco conocidos, particularmente los que son endémicos de primates en peligro; se presentan algunas limitaciones a la hora de tomar y preservar las muestras las cuales finalmente definen la calidad y confiabilidad de los resultados. Entre estas encontramos, los pequeños volúmenes de las deposiciones en muchas especies, la dificultad de colección dentro del bosque debido a los hábitos arbóreos de los micos, las variaciones de humedad y temperatura en el trópico, …

Detection Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1) In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (Fish), Caiwen Li, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small, Kimberly S. Reece, Carmony L. Hartwig, Roland A. Cooper, Robert E. Ratzlaff

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Panulirus argus Virus 1 (PaV1) is the first virus known to be pathogenic to a wild lobster. It infects the Caribbean spiny lobster P. argus from the Florida Keys, and has a predilection for juveniles. The monitoring of the virus in wild populations and study of its behavior in the laboratory require the development of reliable diagnostic tools. A sensitive and specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was developed for detection of PaV1. The lower detection limit using a 110 bp DNA probe in a dot-blot hybridization for PaV1 DNA was 10 pg of cloned template PaV1 DNA and …

An ∼140-Kb Deletion Associated With Feline Spinal Muscular Atrophy Implies An Essential Lix1 Function For Motor Neuron Survival, John C. Fyfe, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, Victor A. David, Lars Brichta, Alejandro A. Schaffer, R. Agarwala, William J. Murphy, William J. Wedemeyer, Brittany L. Gregory, Bethany G. Buzzell, Meghan C. Drummond, Brunhilde Wirth, Stephen J. O'Brien

Biology Faculty Articles

The leading genetic cause of infant mortality is spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. Previously we described a domestic cat model of autosomal recessive, juvenile-onset SMA similar to human SMA type III. Here we report results of a whole-genome scan for linkage in the feline SMA pedigree using recently developed species-specific and comparative mapping resources. We identified a novel SMA gene candidate, LIX1, in an ~140-kb deletion on feline chromosome A1q in a region of conserved synteny to human chromosome 5q15. Though LIX1 function is unknown, the predicted secondary structure is compatible with …

Sheep Updates 2006 - Contents, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Sheep Updates

No abstract provided.

Sheep Updates 2006 - Part 2, Darryl Smith, Kathryn Kemper, David Rutley, R. R. Woolaston, D. J. Brown, K. D. Atkins, A. E. Casey, A. J. Ball, David Hopkins, David Stanley, Leonie Martin, Arthur Gilmour, Remy Van De Ven, Geoff Duddy, Steve Semple, David Kessell, Andrew Thompson

Sheep Updates

This session covers six papers from different authors:

GENETICS

1. Novel selection traits - what are the possible side effects?, Darryl Smith, Kathryn Kemper, South Australian Research and Development Institute, David Rutley, University of Adelaide.

2. Genetic Changes in the Australian Merino since 1900, Sheep Genetics Australia Technical Committee, R.R. Woolaston Pullenvale, Queensland, D.J. Brown, Animal Genetics and Breeding Unit*, University of New England, K.D. Atkins, A.E. Casey, NSW Department of Primary Industries, A.J. Ball, Meat and Livestock Australia, University of New England

3. Influence of Sire Growth Estimated Breeding Value (EBV0 on Progeny Growth, David Hopkins, David Stanley, Leonie …

Sheep Updates 2006 -Part 1, David Sackett, Kevin Foster, Ron Yates, Phil Nichols, Graeme Martin, John Milton, Scott Williams, Garry Mcalister, Mark Suttie, Peter Fennessy, Jack Cocks

Sheep Updates

This session covers seven papers from different authors: PLENARY 1. Making Dollars from Merinos, David Sackett, Holmes Sackett & Associates Pty Limited, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2. A new variety of sulla (Hedysarun coronarium)for forage production in southern Australia, Kevin Foster, Ron Yates, Phil Nichols, Department of Agriculture and Food, WA and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, UWA 3. Mating - Short and fast is better, Graeme Martin, John Milton, Faculty of Natural & Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia 4. Breech strike protection in sheep post 2010, Scott Williams, Program Manager Animal Health and Welfare, Australian Wool Innovation …

Visualization Of Intracellular Transport Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Nucleocapsids In Living Cells, Subash C. Das, Debasis Nayak, You Zhou, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The phosphoprotein (P) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a subunit of the viral RNA polymerase. In previous studies, we demonstrated that insertion of 19 amino acids in the hinge region of the protein had no significant effect on P protein function. In the present study, we inserted full-length enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in frame into the hinge region of P and show that the fusion protein (PeGFP) is functional in viral genome transcription and replication, albeit with reduced activity. A recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus encoding PeGFP in place of the P protein (VSV-PeGFP), which possessed reduced growth kinetics …

Transcriptome Signature Of Virulent And Attenuated Pseudorabies Virus-Infected Rodent Brain, Christina Paulus, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, Lynn W. Enquist

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Mammalian alphaherpesviruses normally establish latent infections in ganglia of the peripheral nervous system in their natural hosts. Occasionally, however, these viruses spread to the central nervous system (CNS), where they cause damaging, often fatal, infections. Attenuated alphaherpesvirus derivatives have been used extensively as neuronal circuit tracers in a variety of animal models. Their circuit-specific spread provides a unique paradigm to study the local and global CNS response to infection. Thus, we systematically analyzed the host gene expression profile after acute pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection of the CNS using Affymetrix GeneChip technology. Rats were injected intraocularly with one of three selected …

Carotenoid, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, And Vitamin E Intake And Risk Of Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study, Stephanie A. Navarro Silvera, Meera Jain, Geoffrey R. Howe, Anthony B. Miller, Thomas E. Rohan

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

It is thought that oxidative stress resulting to repeated ovulation may increase the risk of ovarian cancer by inducing DNA damage (1). Consumption of antioxidants may, therefore, decrease ovarian cancer risk by counteracting oxidative stress and the resultant DNA damage (2, 3). Currently, the epidemiologic evidence regarding associations between antioxidants and risk of ovarian cancer is mixed (4-12). Of the two prospective studies, Kushi et al. (4) and Fairfield et al. (7) both reported no association between β-carotene and ovarian cancer risk. In addition, Fairfield et al. …

Volume 4, Number 1 (2006), Ut Institute Of Agriculture

Tennessee Land, Life and Science Magazine

Issue Highlights:

• A focus on agriculture and natural resources programs at the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture

Volume 4, Number 2 (2006), Ut Institute Of Agriculture

Tennessee Land, Life and Science Magazine

Issue Highlights:

• From Grow to Go for a New Bioeconomy

The Cattle Industry's Guidelines For The Care And Handling Of Cattle

Nebraska Beef Quality Assurance Program

Cattlemen have long recognized the need to properly care for livestock. Sound animal husbandry practices, based on decades of practical experience and research, are known to impact the wellbeing of cattle, individual animal health and herd productivity. Cattle are produced in very diverse environments and geographic locations in the United States. There is not one specific set of production practices that can be recommended for all cattle producers. Personal experience, training and professional judgment can serve as a valuable resource for providing proper animal care.

New Pelagic Gastropoda Species Encountered On The Turkish Coast Of The Levant Sea, Cem Çevi̇k, Ahmet Kideys, Beni̇n Toklu, Deni̇z Ergüden, Ercan Sarihan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this work, 9 species of pelagic gastropods were studied during bottom trawling and net sampling for zooplankton of Akkuyu in Erdemli and in İskenderun Bay (the northeastern Mediterranean). Among those, Pterotrachea hippocampus Phlippi, 1836, Cavolinia tridentate (Forsskal, 1775), Limacina (Munthea) trochiformis (D'Orbigny, 1836), and Corolla spectabilis (Dall, 1871) were first records for Turkish mollusk fauna, and the remaining, Atlanta peronii Lesuer, 1817, Firoloida desmarestia Lesuer, 1817, Clio pyramidata Linné, 1767, Creseis acicula Rang, 1828, and Creseis virgula Rang, 1828 were first records for the Mediterranean coast of Turkey.

Alterations Of Myostatin And Follistatin Gene Expression Profiles In Response To In Ovo Rhigf-1 During Quail (Coturnix Coturnix) Embryonic Development, Hakan Kocamiş, Nurhayat Gülmez, Şahi̇n Aslan, Mümtaz Nazli, Scott A. Gahr, Turgut Kirmizibayrak, Mustafa Saatci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Myostatin, along with its binding protein follistatin, have been demonstrated to inhibit skeletal muscle development during embryonic and postnatal development, whereas IGF-1 has been reported to stimulate skeletal muscle development and overall growth. The objectives of the current study were to determine the expression profiles of myostatin and follistatin genes, and to evaluate the impact of in ovo administration of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) on these gene expression patterns during quail embryogenesis, with an emphasis on skeletal muscle development. Quail eggs were injected once with 100 ng rhIGF-1 in 10 mM acetic acid, 0.1% BSA per embryo on …

By-Catch In A 40 Mm Pe Demersal Trawl Codend, Yeli̇z Doğanyilmaz Özbi̇lgi̇n, Zafer Tosunoğlu, Hüseyi̇n Özbi̇lgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Demersal trawling in Turkish waters yields a considerable amount of by-catch and discard. Data presented in this study were collected during a demersal trawl codend selectivity trial carried out on board the RV Egesüf (27 m, 500 HP) between August 9 and September 4, 2002, in İzmir Bay. In total, 52 species of fish and invertebrate from 40 mm nominal mesh size commercially used PE codend and 24 mm cover were identified, separately weighed, and classified as commercial and non-commercial. In addition, for red mullet (Mullus barbatus), hake (Merluccius merluccius), common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus), axillary sea bream (Pagellus acarne), annular …

The Effects Of Bacterial Inoculants On The Fermentation, Aerobic Stability And Rumen Degradability Characteristics Of Wheat Silages, Eki̇n Sucu, İsmai̇l Fi̇lya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants on the fermentation, aerobic stability and in situ rumen degradability characteristics of wheat silages. Wheat was harvested at the early dough stage. Inoculant-1188 (Pioneer^{®}, USA) and Sil-All (Alltech, UK) were used as LAB inoculants. Inoculants were applied to silages at 1.5 x 10^6 cfu/g levels. Wheat material was ensiled in 1.5-l special anaerobic jars, equipped with a lid enabling gas release only. Three jars from each group were sampled for chemical and microbiological analysis 2, 4, 8, 15 and 50 days after ensiling. At the …

The Effect Of Dietary Vitamin E On The Arginase Activity In The Females Of Freshwater Crayfish (Astacus Leptodactylus, Esch. 1823), Mi̇ne Eri̇şi̇r, Özden Barim, Mehtap Özçeli̇k, Muzaffer Mustafa Harlioğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of different levels of dietary vitamin E on the arginase activity of the hepatopancreas, gills and muscle of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) were investigated. The control diet contained approximately 37.41% crude protein on a dry-weight basis and 3.25 kcal g^{-1} gross energy. The diet ingredients contributed 65.83 mg kg^{-1} vitamin E to the control diet. Levels of 34.17 mg kg^{-1}, 84.17 mg kg^{-1} and 134.17 mg kg^{-1} vitamin E (DL-a-tocopherol acetate) were added to the control diet to supply 100 mg kg^{-1} in diet 1, 150 mg kg^{-1} in diet 2 and 200 mg kg^{-1} in diet 3, …

Detection Of Slime Factor Production And Antibiotic Resistance In Staphylococcus Strains Isolated From Various Animal Clinical Samples, Süheyla Türkyilmaz, Seza Eski̇i̇zmi̇rli̇ler

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the production of slime factor in 180 Staphylococcus spp. (90 coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) and 90 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS)) isolated from various animal clinical specimens was investigated with Congo Red Agar (CRA), Microplate (MP), and Standard Tube (ST) tests and the results were compared to each other. The rate of production of slime factor in all of the Staphylococcus spp. investigated with CRA, MP, and ST tests were 61.1%, 55.5%, and 50.5%, respectively. The existence of Staphylococcus spp. resistance against various antibiotics was also determined by the agar disk diffusion method. The percentage of resistance against penicillin, methicillin, …

The Effectiveness Of Cosynch Protocol In Dairy Heifers And Multiparous Cows, Orkun Demi̇ral, Mustafa Ün, Murat Abay, Tayfur Bekyürek, Ahmet Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Cosynch protocol on some reproductive parameters in Holstein multiparous cows (MC) (n = 54) and heifers (n = 53). Follicular development, presence of corpus luteum (CL) at different stages of Cosynch protocol, ovulation time and pregnancy rates were evaluated by ultrasonography in MCs and heifers. Pregnancy rates (PR) in MCs and heifers were found as 41% and 51% (P: 0.29, Z: -1.06). At the time of first Gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) (GnRH1), Prostaglandin F_{2a} (PGF_{2a}) and final GnRH (GnRH2) injections, PRs in heifers and MCs which had CL on …

Investigation Of The Coagulation Profile In Calves With Neonatal Diarrhoea, Gürbüz Gökçe, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Gökce, Hi̇dayet Meti̇n Erdoğan, Vehbi̇ Güneş, Mehmet Çi̇ti̇l

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, 20 neonatal diarrhoeic and 10 clinically healthy neonatal calves were used. Venous blood samples were collected from each animal to determine platelet numbers, pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO_{2}), partial pressure of oxygen (pO_{2}), saturated oxygen (O_{2}SAT), content of carbon dioxide (ctCO_{2}), actual bicarbonate (HCO_{3}act), standard bicarbonate (HCO_{3}std), and actual base excess (actBE) of plasma. Plasma samples were collected from each animal for the measurement of prothrombin time (PT), thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), and the concentrations of fibrinogen and cross-linked fibrinogen degradation products (D-dimer). Blood pH, HCO_{3}act, HCO_{3}std, actBE, ctCO_{2}, and O_{2}SAT values were …

Comparison Of Polymerase Chain Reaction And Conventional Methods For The Diagnosis Of Listeria Monocytogenes In Stuffed Mussels, Ergün Ö. Göksoy, Şükrü Kirkan, Osman Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of stuffed mussel as a source of Listeria monocytogenes. Polymerase chain reaction is a rapid procedure with both sensitivity and specificity for quick detection and identification of L. monocytogenes. A total of 50 mussel samples were investigated for L. monocytogenes. L. monocytogenes was not identified by the conventional method. However, PCR amplification products demonstrated that 5 out of 50 samples showed positive reactions with L. monocytogenes. The PCR positive samples showed specific amplification at approximately 343 bp for L. monocytogenes.

Effect Of The Hatching Month As An Environmental Factor On The Hatching Features Of Bronze Turkeys, Mahi̇ye Özçeli̇k, Harun Ceri̇t, Fi̇kri̇ye Ekmen, İsmet Doğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hatching month on the hatching features of Bronze turkeys, and to determine the suitable months for hatching. For this purpose, the hatching records of Bronze turkeys raised in the Bingöl Beekeeping and Turkey Production Station from 1998 to 2003 were used. Egg fertility and hatchability of both total eggs and of fertile eggs were investigated, and it was found that the effect of hatching month on all 3 variables was statistically significant. The results regarding all 3 variables were lower in June as compared to the other months investigated. …

Effects Of Feeding Acidified Milk Replacer On The Growth, Health And Behavioural Characteristics Of Holstein Friesian Calves, Mete Yanar, Olcay Güler, Bahri̇ Bayram, Jale Meti̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to compare the performances of calves fed acidified milk replacer (AMR) or sweet (regular) milk replacer (SMR) at 8% of birth weight. Twenty-one calves (10 males, 11 females) were offered replacers reconstituted to 12% of dry matter over 5 weeks. In the group fed AMR, daily body weight gains of calves at the different stages of growth were comparable to those for calves fed SMR. In the preweaning period, calves offered AMR had similar dry matter intakes from starter, milk replacer and dry hay as well as total intake as those fed SMR. In …

Plasma Lysozyme Levels And Secondary Stress Response In Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum) After Exposure To Leteux-Meyer Mixture, Hi̇jran Yavuzcan Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Leteux-Meyer mixture (LMM) contains formalin and malachite green and can be externally applied to fish as an antimicrobial agent. To determine the effects of prophylactic treatment with LMM on plasma lysozyme levels and the secondary stress indices, alterations in plasma glucose, chloride, sodium, potassium and hematocrit were monitored in healthy rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss W. Fish were i) exposed to 25 ppm Leteux-Meyer mixture for 60 min and ii) the same treatment followed by 60 min recovery in clean freshwater. Treatment with LMM resulted in a decrease in plasma lysozyme values. After a recovery period of 60 min plasma lysozyme …

In Vitro Effects Of Prostaglandin F_{2a} And Metamizol On The Motility Of Diluted Bull Semen, İzzet Karahan, Gaffari̇ Türk, Seyfetti̇n Gür

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of the present study was to investigate in vitro effects of prostaglandin F_2 alpha (PGF_{2a}) and metamizol on the motility of diluted bull semen during short-term storage at 4 ºC. In this study, 3 healthy adult Brown-Swiss bulls, each 3 years old, were used. Semen samples were collected with an artificial vagina. Samples were taken from each bull twice a week over the course of 3 weeks (6 samples per bull). One millilitre of semen was removed from each sample for the determination of semen volume, mass activity, initial motility, sperm concentration, and abnormal sperm rate. The remainder …

Serological Detection Of Listeriosis At A Farm, M. Kazim Börkü, Kerem Ural, Serkal Gazyağci, Yunusemre Özkanlar, Cahi̇t Babür, Selçuk Kiliç

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Sera of 50 goats, 3 horses, 1 dog, and 6 herdsmen were analyzed for the presence of antibodies against Listeria monocytogenes by the Osebold agglutination assay on a commercial farm in Akyurt, Ankara. Some of the goats exhibited clinical signs such as apathy, unilateral facial paralysis, incoordination, and abortion. Of the goat samples, 23 (46%) were seropositive and 10 (20%) were at the level of the suspected titer and 17 (34%) were below the cut-off titer in this assay. All horses, the dog and 5 herdsmen were seropositive. The analysis of cerebro-spinal fluid, taken from an agonic goat whose antibody …

Effect Of Refrigerated Storage On Fillet Lipid Quality Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss W.) Fed A Diet Containing Different Levels Of Dl A-Tocopherol Acetate, Mustafa Yildiz, Erdal Şener, Hüseyi̇n Gün

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effect of refrigerated storage at 1 ± 0.3 ºC on vitamin E level, fatty acid composition and lipid oxidation of fillets was studied in 3 groups of rainbow trout fed diets supplemented with increasing levels (100, 300 and 500 mg kg^{-1} diet, respectively) of \alpha-tocopherol acetate as antioxidant. Fish (initial mean weight 131 ± 1.0 g) were fed experimental diets for 58 days and reached a mean final weight of 299 ± 6.1 g, with growth differences among the 3 experimental groups being insignificant (P > 0.05). Fillet samples of fish were analyzed fresh (on day 0) or after storage …

Microbiological And Chemical Changes Throughout The Manufacture And Ripening Of Kashar: A Traditional Turkish Cheese, Fi̇gen Çeti̇nkaya, G. Ece Soyutemi̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was performed to investigate the microbiological and chemical characteristics of Kashar cheese produced from raw milk according to traditional techniques. The counts of total aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on MRS and M17 agar, psychrotroph organisms, yeast and molds, coliforms and the presence of Escherichia coli were determined during the manufacturing stages and ripening. The chemical properties determined were dry matter, fat in dry matter, pH and salt content. The stretching process, which appears to be the main method of destroying microorganisms, did not efficiently eliminate all the microorganisms but was sufficient to destroy E. coli that …

The Seroprevalence Of Bovine Herpes Virus Type 1 (Bhv-1) And Bovine Leukemia Virus (Blv) In Selected Dairy Cattle Herds In Aydın Province, Turkey, Mehmet Tolga Tan, Yakup Yildirim, Nural Erol, A. Burak Güngör

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The prevalence of BHV-1 and BLV antibodies was studied in 313 serum samples collected from 5 dairy cattle herds. Serum samples were collected from both apparently healthy animals and animals with respiratory symptoms. The samples were tested for the presence of antibodies against BHV-1 and BLV using virus neutralization and agar gel immunodiffusion test, respectively. The results indicated that the prevalence of BHV-1 and BLV infections was 19.5% and 0.3%, respectively.