Life Sciences Commons^™

Forage News [2010-12], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Register Now for Grazing Conference
• Forage Spokesman Contest and KFGC Award Nominations
• PFGC Celebrates 50th Anniversary
• Forage Variety Test Reports
• Feed Costs and Meat Production
• Corn Nitrogen Fertilizer Replacement Value of Alfalfa in Northern Illinois
• Comparison of Seeding Rates and Coating on Seedling Count, Root Length, Root Weight and Shoot Weight of Crimson Clover
• Effect of Macronutrient Deficiency on the Antioxidant Capacity of Lespedeza Cuneata (cv. Au Grazer) and Lotus Corniculatus (cv. Pardee)

Substrates Of The Arabidopsis Thaliana Protein Isoaspartyl Methyltransferase 1 Identified Using Phage Display And Biopanning, Tingsu Chen, Nihar Nayak, Susmita Maitra Majee, Jonathan Lowenson, Kim R. Schäfermeyer, Alyssa C. Eliopoulos, Taylor D. Lloyd, Randy Dinkins, Sharyn E. Perry, Nancy R. Forsthoefel, Steven G. Clarke, Daniel M. Vernon, Zhaohui Sunny Zhou, Tomas Rejtar, A. Bruce Downie

Horticulture Faculty Publications

The role of protein isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) in repairing a wide assortment of damaged proteins in a host of organisms has been inferred from the affinity of the enzyme for isoaspartyl residues in a plethora of amino acid contexts. The identification of PIMT target proteins in plant seeds, where the enzyme is highly active and proteome long-lived, has been hindered by large amounts of isoaspartate-containing storage proteins. Mature seed phage display libraries circumvented this problem. Inclusion of the PIMT co-substrate, S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), during panning permitted PIMT to retain aged phage in greater numbers than controls lacking co-substrate or when …

Making Of Viral Replication Organelles By Remodeling Interior Membranes, Zsuzsanna Sasvari, Peter D. Nagy

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Positive-stranded RNA (+RNA) viruses exploit host cell machinery by subverting host proteins and membranes and altering cellular pathways during infection. To achieve robust replication, some +RNA viruses, such as poliovirus (PV), build special intracellular compartments, called viral replication organelles. A recent work from the Altan-Bonnett laboratory [1] gave new insights into the formation of poliovirus replication organelles, which are unique subcellular structures containing many individual replication complexes as a result of dynamic cellular membrane remodeling.

Translation Elongation Factor 1a Facilitates The Assembly Of The Tombusvirus Replicase And Stimulates Minus-Strand Synthesis, Zhenghe Li, Judit Pogany, Steven Tupman, Anthony M. Esposito, Terri Goss Kinzy, Peter D. Nagy

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Replication of plus-strand RNA viruses depends on host factors that are recruited into viral replicase complexes. Previous studies showed that eukaryotic translation elongation factor (eEF1A) is one of the resident host proteins in the highly purified tombusvirus replicase complex. Using a random library of eEF1A mutants, we identified one mutant that decreased and three mutants that increased Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) replication in a yeast model host. Additional in vitro assays with whole cell extracts prepared from yeast strains expressing the eEF1A mutants demonstrated several functions for eEF1A in TBSV replication: facilitating the recruitment of the viral RNA template …

Forage News [2010-11], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Dr. Norman Taylor 1926-2010
• Registration Now Open for Grazing Conference
• Forage Spokesman Contest and KFGC Award Nominations - Deadline Dec. 3
• Effects of Ergot-Endophyte-Infected Fescue Seed on Physiological Parameters in Mature Female Meat Goats
• Chaparral® Herbicide Application for Suppression of Seedhead Emergence in Tall Fescue Pastures and Possible Alleviation of Fescue Toxicosis
• Science Shows Beef Production is Earth Friendly
• Use of Novel Endophyte Fescue for Cows
• Evaluation of Annual Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum) in Two Fall Grazing Systems on Forage Quality and Stock Calf Performance in Northern Minnesota
• Using Mature Hay for Bedding: Potential for Tall Fescue Toxicity

Plant Phenolics: Extraction, Analysis And Their Antioxidant And Anticancer Properties, Jin Dai, Russell J. Mumper

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Phenolics are broadly distributed in the plant kingdom and are the most abundant secondary metabolites of plants. Plant polyphenols have drawn increasing attention due to their potent antioxidant properties and their marked effects in the prevention of various oxidative stress associated diseases such as cancer. In the last few years, the identification and development of phenolic compounds or extracts from different plants has become a major area of health- and medical-related research. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview on phenolic extraction, purification, analysis and quantification as well as their antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the anticancer effects of phenolics in-vitro …

The Combined Effect Of Environmental And Host Factors On The Emergence Of Viral Rna Recombinants, Hannah M. Jaag, Peter D. Nagy

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Viruses are masters of evolution due to high frequency mutations and genetic recombination. In spite of the significance of viral RNA recombination that promotes the emergence of drug-resistant virus strains, the role of host and environmental factors in RNA recombination is poorly understood. Here we report that the host Met22p/Hal2p bisphosphate-3'-nucleotidase regulates the frequency of viral RNA recombination and the efficiency of viral replication. Based on Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) and yeast as a model host, we demonstrate that deletion of MET22 in yeast or knockdown of AHL, SAL1 and FRY1 nucleotidases/phosphatases in plants leads to increased TBSV recombination …

Horticulture, Timothy A. Woods

Agricultural Economics Presentations

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2010-10], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Grazing Conference Returning to Kentucky
• KFGC Update
• Pennsylvania to Celebrate Forage Anniversary
• A Novel Endophyte Tall Fescue has been Developed by the University of Kentucky for the Upper Fescue Belt
• Benefits of Rotational Grazing
• Cultivar Preference of Lambs Grazing Forage Chicory in Ohio
• Effects of a Freeze on Forages
• Nitrate Poisoning: A Concern with Dry Weather

Forage News [2010-09], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Lexington Welcomes National Hay Association
• Barren County to Host State Forage Field Day
• Know Your Hay Quality
• Mob Grazing or Ultra High Density Stocking
• New Items on Forage Website
• Grazing Graduates
• Who says "Cats" can't Attend U.K. Grazing School
• It's not too late for N on Grasses
• Choose the Best Forage Variety for Fall Planting
• Potential for High Nitrates

Forage News [2010-08], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC Field Day
• Beef Bash 2010
• Grazing Sudangrass, Pearl Millet, and Sorghum Hybrids
• Intake and Digestibility of Improved Selections of Tall Fescue and Orchardgrass Hays
• Ag Groups Applaud Supreme Court Ruling on Biotech Alfalfa
• The Potential of Biofuels in Kentucky
• Calibrating your Forage Seeder Can Save Big Money when Summer Seeding

Method For Reducing Nitrosamines In Tobacco, Terry Thomas, John Brandon, William A. Bailey, Thomas A. Losty

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Patents

Nitrosamines are reduces in tobacco by treating a whole tobacco lead with ferulic acid. Treatment is conducted by applying an aqueous solution of ferulic acid to the whole tobacco lead immediately before, at, or after harvesting, or fire curing the whole tobacco lead with wood smoke containing the ferulic acid.

Forage News [2010-07], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Wins Awards at Recent American Forage & Grassland Council Annual Meeting
• Kentucky Host International Meeting
• Dr. Smith Becomes Professor Smith
• Tom Keene Re-elected to Forage Foundation Executive Committee
• Getting through the Summer Slump
• National Hay Association Convention
• Heart of America Grazing Conference Coming to Kentucky
• Clover Coming up in Alfalfa Fields
• Selecting Summer Annual Forage Grasses
• Abundance of Clover in 2010
• Heat Damage to Moist Hay
• The Economics of Grazing, Organic, and Confinement Dairy Farms

Inhibitors Of Plant Peptide Deformylase For Use As Broad-Spectrum Herbicides And Methods For Identifying The Same, Robert L. Houtz, Lynnette M. A. Dirk, Mark Alan Wiliams

Horticulture Faculty Patents

The invention relates to a method of identifying herbicides and to the use of inhibitors of plant peptide deformylase as broad spectrum herbicides.

Methods For Screening For Genes And Small Molecules That Activate Mammalian Receptor Proteins, Deane L. Falcone, John M. Littleton

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Patents

Methods for screening mutations that affect the synthesis of plant small molecules or compounds capable of activating a mammalian nuclear receptor protein and systems for rapidly assigning functionality to genes that regulate plant secondary metabolism are provided.

Forage News [2010-06], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC Update
• U.S. Supreme Court Reviews Ban on Roundup Ready® Alfalfa
• Increase Pasture Profits Using Cross Fences
• Plant Growth Regulator to Increase Pasture Growth
• Alfalfa Cutting Height to Maximize Forage Yield and Quality
• Traditional Ecosystem Services of Forage and Grazing Lands
• Performance and Profitability of Stocker Cattle Grazing KY 31, Jesup MaxQ & Winter Annual Pastures
• Forage Quality of Jesup MaxQ Tall Fescue

Forage News [2010-05], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Grazing School
• Barren County to Host KFGC Field Day
• National and International Meeting Coming to Kentucky
• Forage Quality, Ethanol Production Studied
• Teff Grass
• Pennsylvania Forage and Grassland Council Celebrating 50th Birthday
• Spontaneous Combustion in Hay
• Change in Yield and Quality of Alfalfa
• Hay Inoculants and Preservatives

Forage News [2010-04], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 31st Kentucky Alfalfa Conference Date Set
• 30th Alfalfa Conference Proceedings and Photos
• Warm Season Grass Variety Reports
• WEG Forage Supplies
• Kentucky Grazing School April 14-15
• Windrow Spacing and Conditioners Aid in Curing Process
• Preseason Hay Equipment Maintenance
• Overview of BMR Sudangrasses and Sorghums
• Switchgrass Moved by Barge to Power Plan

Distinct Evolutionary Histories Of The Dna-A And Dna-B Components Of Bipartite Begomoviruses, Rob W. Briddon, Basavaprabhu L. Patil, Basavaraj Bagewadi, Muhammad Shah Nawaz-Ul-Rehman, Claude M. Fauquet

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Viruses of the genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) have genomes consisting of either one or two genomic components. The component of bipartite begomoviruses known as DNA-A is homologous to the genomes of all geminiviruses and encodes proteins required for replication, control of gene expression, overcoming host defenses, encapsidation and insect transmission. The second component, referred to as DNA-B, encodes two proteins with functions in intra- and intercellular movement in host plants. The origin of the DNA-B component remains unclear. The study described here was initiated to investigate the relationship between the DNA-A and DNA-B components of bipartite begomoviruses with a …

Forage News [2010-03], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Alfalfa Conference Reflections After 30 Years
• Kentucky Alfalfa Awards
• Hay Winners
• UK Grazing Alfalfa DVD on YouTube
• Kentucky Grazing School April 14-15
• USDA Issues Final Rule on Organic Access to Pasture
• UK Forage Variety Test Available
• Points to Ponder

Systematic Overrepresentation Of Dna Termini And Underrepresentation Of Subterminal Regions Among Sequencing Templates Prepared From Hydrodynamically Sheared Linear Dna Molecules, Sherri L. Schwartz, Mark L. Farman

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Analysis of fungal genome sequence assemblies reveals that telomeres are poorly represented even though telomeric reads tend to be superabundant. We surmised that the problem might lie in the DNA shearing conditions used to create clone libraries for genome sequencing.

RESULTS: A shotgun strategy was used to sequence and assemble circular and linear cosmid DNAs sheared using conditions typical for a genome project. The DNA sheared in circular form assembled into a single sequence contig. However, the linearized cosmid produced an incomplete assembly because the two DNA termini, though greatly overrepresented in the clone library used for sequencing, were …

Forage News [2010-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Roundup Ready Alfalfa: Comment Period Deadline February 16, 2010
• 30th Anniversary Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• Plan Now to Attend AGA Annual Conference, Feb. 4-7, Lexington
• Does Amount of "Hard" Alfalfa Seed Really Matter?
• What's Eating your Orchardgrass
• Forages at KCA
• Heart of America Grazing Conference
• Hay and Horses
• Grazing 101: Enroll in 2010 Kentucky Grazing School
• Clovers in Kentucky
• Commercial Hay Dryer Made in Kentucky

Laboratory Performance Of A Mass Flow Sensor For Dry Edible Bean Harvesters, Rodrigo S. Zandonadi, Timothy S. Stombaugh, Scott A. Shearer, Daniel M. Queiroz, Michael P. Sama

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Due to the importance of yield monitoring, researchers have been developing systems for crops such as tomatoes, forage, sugar cane, citrus, and coffee. A yield monitoring system for pull type dry edible beans harvester has not yet been developed. The goal of this project was to design and test a drive torque measurement device on a clean grain bucket elevator of a dry bean harvester, and evaluate its potential to be used as a mass flow sensor. Tests were conducted in the Yield Monitor Test Facility (YMTF) of University of Kentucky following the recommendation of ASABE Standard S578 (2007) The …

Soil Organic Matter Fractions And Aggregate Distribution In Response To Tall Fescue Stands, I. P. Handayani, Mark S. Coyne, R. S. Tokosh

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

The study was conducted to evaluate the influences of tall fescue management on soil organic matter fractions and macro- and microaggregate distribution. Soil samples were collected from four paired adjacent fields consisting of five years of tall fescue mono and poly stands in Western Kentucky. Soil samples from 0 to 15 cm and 15 to 30 cm soil depths were analyzed for soil organic C and N, particulate organic matter C (POM-C) and N (POM-N), macro- and micro aggregate distribution and C-associated with macro- and micro- aggregates. Significant effects were observed between stands for all the properties, except total C, …

Copy Number Variation Shapes Genome Diversity In Arabidopsis Over Immediate Family Generational Scales, Seth Debolt

Horticulture Faculty Publications

Arabidopsis thaliana is the model plant and is grown worldwide by plant biologists seeking to dissect the molecular underpinning of plant growth and development. Gene copy number variation (CNV) is a common form of genome natural diversity that is currently poorly studied in plants and may have broad implications for model organism research, evolutionary biology, and crop science. Herein, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to identify and interrogate regions of gene CNV across the A. thaliana genome. A common temperature condition used for growth of A. thaliana in our laboratory and many around the globe is 22 degrees C. …

Forage News [2010-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forages at KCA
• Heart of America Grazing Conference
• 30th Anniversary Alfalfa Conference
• Tall Fescue for the Twenty-First Century
• Grazing Conference Photos
• Hay Testing
• Growing Alfalfa in the South
• New Forage Variety Test Reports
• American Grassfed Association Coming Back to Lexington
• Consider Joining KFGC in 2010
• Comment Period on RR Alfalfa - December 18, 2009 - February 16, 2010