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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Local Conditions, Not Regional Gradients, Drive Demographic Variation Of Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida) And Common Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus) Across Northern U.S. Maize Belt, Sam E. Wortman, Adam S. Davis, Brian J. Schutte, John L. Lindquist, John Cardina, Joel Felix, Christy L. Sparague, Anita Dille, Analiza H.M. Ramirez, Graig Reicks, Sharon A. Clay
Local Conditions, Not Regional Gradients, Drive Demographic Variation Of Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida) And Common Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus) Across Northern U.S. Maize Belt, Sam E. Wortman, Adam S. Davis, Brian J. Schutte, John L. Lindquist, John Cardina, Joel Felix, Christy L. Sparague, Anita Dille, Analiza H.M. Ramirez, Graig Reicks, Sharon A. Clay
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
Knowledge of environmental factors influencing demography of weed species will improve understanding of current and future weed invasions. The objective of this study was to quantify regional-scale variation in vital rates of giant ragweed and common sunflower. To accomplish this objective, a common field experiment was conducted across seven sites between 2006 and 2008 throughout the north central U.S. maize belt. Demographic parameters of both weed species were measured in intra- and interspecific competitive environments, and environmental data were collected within site-years. Site was the strongest predictor of belowground vital rates (summer and winter seed survival and seedling recruitment), indicating …
Microarray And Growth Analyses Identify Differences And Similarities Of Early Corn Response To Weeds, Shade, And Nitrogen Stress, Janet Moriles, Stephanie Hansen, David P. Horvath, Graig Reicks, David E. Clay, Sharon A. Clay
Microarray And Growth Analyses Identify Differences And Similarities Of Early Corn Response To Weeds, Shade, And Nitrogen Stress, Janet Moriles, Stephanie Hansen, David P. Horvath, Graig Reicks, David E. Clay, Sharon A. Clay
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
Weed interference with crop growth is often attributed to water, nutrient, or light competition; however, specific physiological responses to these stresses are not well described. This study's objective was to compare growth, yield, and gene expression responses of corn to nitrogen (N), low light (40% shade), and weed stresses. Corn vegetative parameters from V2 to V12 stages, yield parameters, and gene expression using transcriptome (2008) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) (2008/09) analyses at V8 were compared among the stresses and with nonstressed corn. N stress did not affect vegetative parameters, although grain yield was reduced by 40% compared with …
Comparative Analysis Of Grapevine Whole-Genome Gene Predictions, Functional Annotation, Categorization And Integration Of The Predicted Gene Sequences, Jerome Grimplet, John Van Hemert, Pablo Carbonell-Bejerano, Jose Diaz-Riquelme, Julie Dickerson, Anne Fennell Dr, Mario Pezzotti, Jose M. Martinez-Zapater
Comparative Analysis Of Grapevine Whole-Genome Gene Predictions, Functional Annotation, Categorization And Integration Of The Predicted Gene Sequences, Jerome Grimplet, John Van Hemert, Pablo Carbonell-Bejerano, Jose Diaz-Riquelme, Julie Dickerson, Anne Fennell Dr, Mario Pezzotti, Jose M. Martinez-Zapater
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
Background: The first draft assembly and gene prediction of the grapevine genome (8X base coverage) was made available to the scientific community in 2007, and functional annotation was developed on this gene prediction. Since then additional Sanger sequences were added to the 8X sequences pool and a new version of the genomic sequence with superior base coverage (12X) was produced.
Results: In order to more efficiently annotate the function of the genes predicted in the new assembly, it is important to build on as much of the previous work as possible, by transferring 8X annotation of the genome to the …
The Influence Of Strata On The Nutrient Recycling Within A Tropical Certified Organic Coffee Production System, F. Mamani-Pati, D. E. Clay, S. A. Clay, H. Smeltkop, M. A. Callata
The Influence Of Strata On The Nutrient Recycling Within A Tropical Certified Organic Coffee Production System, F. Mamani-Pati, D. E. Clay, S. A. Clay, H. Smeltkop, M. A. Callata
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
In tropical Bolivia coffee plantations, the plant community can be separated into high (trees), middle (coffee), and low (weed) strata. Understanding the importance of each stratum is critical for improving the sustainability of the system. The objective of this study was to determine the importance of strata on nutrient recycling. Litter falls from the upper and middle strata were collected monthly using cone-shaped traps and divided by species into leaves, branches, flowers, and fruits. Dry biomass additions to the soil from high and middle strata totaled 12,655 kg (ha yr)−1 annually. About 76% of the biomass was provided by …
The Influence Of Biochar Production On Herbicide Sorption Characteristics, Sharon A. Clay, Douglas D. Malo
The Influence Of Biochar Production On Herbicide Sorption Characteristics, Sharon A. Clay, Douglas D. Malo
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
Biochar is the by-product of a thermal process conducted under low oxygen or oxygen-free conditions (pyrolysis) to convert vegetative biomass to biofuel (Jha et al., 2010). There are a wide variety of end-products that can be manufactured depending on processing parameters and initial feedstocks (Bridgewater, 2003). The pyrolytic process parameters such as temperature, heating rate, and pressure can change the recovery amounts of each end-product, energy values of the bio-oils, and the physico-chemical properties of biochar (Yaman, 2004).
Great Plains Soils May Be C Sinks, David E. Clay, Gregg C. Carlson, Sharon A. Clay, James Stone, Kurtis Reitsma, Ronald Gelderman
Great Plains Soils May Be C Sinks, David E. Clay, Gregg C. Carlson, Sharon A. Clay, James Stone, Kurtis Reitsma, Ronald Gelderman
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
Numerous studies with wide-ranging results have been conducted to resolve if Great Plains soils are a C source or sink. The authors addressed the source/sink question by examining the results from producer soil samples and production surveys that were analyzed and archived by the South Dakota Soil Testing Laboratory. Results showed that between 1985 and 2010, soil organic C content increased at a rate of 326 lb C/A/year, for a total increase of 24%. The increase was attributed to planting better adapted varieties and using better management practices that on average increased corn grain yields 2.29 bu/A/year. Higher soil organic …