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Articles 1 - 30 of 54
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Environmental Ecology And Life History Variation Of Perkinsus Marinus, Lydia M. Bienlien
Environmental Ecology And Life History Variation Of Perkinsus Marinus, Lydia M. Bienlien
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Marine resources provide a growing world population with the opportunity to increase food security, particularly through aquaculture. Oysters are prominent aquacultured species, but marine diseases are a threat to the growth and sustainability of oyster culture. Perkinsus marinus is the most important oyster pathogen of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the U.S., where it causes substantial mortality. Despite being one of the most well-studied protozoan parasites of bivalve molluscs, much is still unknown about P. marinus. This research investigated multiple characteristics of P. marinus.In Chapter Two, the environmental ecology of P. marinus was explored through tidal sampling and year-long …
The Importance Of Long-Term Data Collection To Understand The Historical And Evolutionary Ecology Of Marine Diseases: The Eastern Oyster Disease System In The Usa, As A Case Study, Ryan Carnegie
VIMS Articles
The epizootics in eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, of haplosporidiosis or “MSX” disease caused by Haplosporidium nelsoni, and perkinsosis or “dermo” disease caused by Perkinsus marinus, were two of the most significant marine disease events of the last century. Haplosporidium nelsoni, a protozoan parasite
native to Asian populations of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, emerged in Delaware Bay in 1957 and Chesapeake Bay in 1959 (Andrews,1962; Haskin et al., 1966), and in the decades that followed caused major mortality events
from the Mid-Atlantic region of the USA to Atlantic Canada. Perkinsus marinus is a native pathogen, also a protozoan, that had …
Characterization Of Microsporidian Ameson Herrnkindi Sp. Nov. Infecting Caribbean Spiny Lobsters Panulirus Argus, Hamish J. Small, Gd Stentiford, Dc Behringer, Ma Freeman, Nam Atherley, Kimberly S. Reece, Jeffrey D. Shields
Characterization Of Microsporidian Ameson Herrnkindi Sp. Nov. Infecting Caribbean Spiny Lobsters Panulirus Argus, Hamish J. Small, Gd Stentiford, Dc Behringer, Ma Freeman, Nam Atherley, Kimberly S. Reece, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
The Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus supports a large and valuable fishery in the Caribbean Sea. In 2007-2008, a rare microsporidian parasite with spore characteristics typical of the Ameson genus was detected in 2 spiny lobsters from southeast Florida (FL). However, the parasite species was not confirmed by molecular analyses. To address this deficiency, reported here are structural and molecular data on single lobsters displaying comparable ‘cotton-like’ abdominal muscle containing ovoid microsporidian spores found at different locations in FL in 2014 and 2018 and in Saint Kitts and Nevis Islands in 2017. In the lobster from 2014, multiple life stages …
Parasitic Dinoflagellate Hematodinium Perezi Prevalence In Larval And Juvenile Blue Crabs Callinectes Sapidus From Coastal Bays Of Virginia, Hj Small, Jp Huchin-Mian, Ks Reece, Km Pagenkopp Lohan, Mj Butler Iv, Jd Shields
Parasitic Dinoflagellate Hematodinium Perezi Prevalence In Larval And Juvenile Blue Crabs Callinectes Sapidus From Coastal Bays Of Virginia, Hj Small, Jp Huchin-Mian, Ks Reece, Km Pagenkopp Lohan, Mj Butler Iv, Jd Shields
VIMS Articles
The parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium perezi infects the American blue crab Callinectes sapidus and other decapods along the Eastern seaboard and Gulf of Mexico coast of the USA. Large juvenile and adult blue crabs experience high mortality during seasonal outbreaks of H. perezi, but less is known about its presence in the early life history stages of this host. We determined the prevalence of H. perezi in megalopae and early benthic juvenile crabs from multiple locations along the Virginia portion of the Delmarva Peninsula. The DNA of H. perezi was not detected in any megalopae collected from several locations within the …
Laboratory Studies On The Effect Of Temperature On Epizootic Shell Disease In The American Lobster, Homarus Americanus, Britnee N. Barris, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small, Juan Pablo Huchin-Mian, Patricia O'Leary, Et Al
Laboratory Studies On The Effect Of Temperature On Epizootic Shell Disease In The American Lobster, Homarus Americanus, Britnee N. Barris, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small, Juan Pablo Huchin-Mian, Patricia O'Leary, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Epizootic shell disease (ESD) is a persistent threat to the population of American lobsters, Homarus americanus H. Milne-Edwards, 1837, in Long Island Sound and off southern New England, USA. ESD is caused by a bacterial dysbiosis that occurs in association with increased water temperature and exposure to anthropogenic stressors. Temperature is a leading factor driving the severity and incidence of ESD. Our objective was to quantify disease progression and dynamics in relation to host molting and mortality at three rigorously controlled temperatures (6, 12, and 18 °C) over a 5–6-mo period. Lobsters were photographed at various time points and image …
Reproductive Investment In Crassostrea Virginica As An Indicator Of A Tolerance Response To Perkinsus Marinus, Lauren Irene Huey
Reproductive Investment In Crassostrea Virginica As An Indicator Of A Tolerance Response To Perkinsus Marinus, Lauren Irene Huey
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The Chesapeake Bay region values oysters for the ecosystem services, lucrative fishery, and historical significance that the species embodies; however, over the last half century, oyster abundances have been reduced to historical lows. Two protozoan parasites, Perkinsus marinus and Haplosporidium nelsoni, have been major influences on oyster populations, especially in high-salinity regions. Today, the population is recovering; catches have increased and oysters have expanded spatially. to investigate the cause of the recovery, three measurements were made on slides of oysters from a histological archive collected during summer at Wreck Shoal in the James River from 1988–2017: oocyte diameter, oocyte density, …
The Development Of Fiddler Crabs (Uca Spp.) As A Comparative Model System For The Parasitic Dinoflagellate, Hematodinium Perezi And Its Natural Host The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus, Patricia Anne O'Leary
The Development Of Fiddler Crabs (Uca Spp.) As A Comparative Model System For The Parasitic Dinoflagellate, Hematodinium Perezi And Its Natural Host The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus, Patricia Anne O'Leary
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Herein, I have completed several experiments which encompass developing fiddler crabs as a model system, as well as sentinel and temperature studies to investigate biotic and abiotic factors in parasite transmission. My studies show which factors prevent, delay, or accelerate transmission and progression of H. perezi. The fiddler crab experiments by chapter are as follows: Chapter 1. I screened adult and juvenile fiddler crab populations for naturally occurring H. perezi infections at endemic and non-endemic sites. No natural infections were found in the adult or juvenile populations (Chapter 1 and 3). I completed inoculation trials with U. minax, U. pugnax, …
Bottom-Up Control Of Parasites, David S. Johnson, Richard Heard
Bottom-Up Control Of Parasites, David S. Johnson, Richard Heard
VIMS Articles
Parasitism is a fundamental ecological interaction. Yet we understand relatively little about the ecological role of parasites compared to the role of free-living organisms. Bottom-up theory predicts that resource enhancement will increase the abundance and biomass of free-living organisms. Similarly, parasite abundance and biomass should increase in an ecosystem with resource enhancement. We tested this hypothesis in a landscape-level experiment in which salt marshes (60,000 m2 each) received elevated nutrient concentrations via flooding tidal waters for 11 yr to mimic eutrophication. Nutrient enrichment elevated the densities of the talitrid amphipod, Orchestia grillus, and the density and biomass of its …
Impact Of The Parasitic Nematode Anguillicoloides Crassus On American Eels (Anguilla Rostrata) In Chesapeake Bay, Zoemma Taudel Warshafsky
Impact Of The Parasitic Nematode Anguillicoloides Crassus On American Eels (Anguilla Rostrata) In Chesapeake Bay, Zoemma Taudel Warshafsky
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
American eels are infected by the introduced parasitic nematode, Anguillicoloides crassus, which can cause significant damage to their swimbladders. Despite the high prevalence and severe damage caused by A. crassus, the population level effects on American eels are not well understood. The prevalence and swimbladder damage in young glass eels and elvers are relatively unstudied, despite the potential for this parasite to cause tissue damage. Additionally, the effects of environmental, temporal, and spatial variables have been debated in previous studies without consensus. Also, the potential for eels to recover from infection and tissue damage has been speculated but not definitively …
Impact Of Anguillicolides Crassus On American Eels (Anguilla Rostrata), Andrew Wargo, Rob Latour, Troy D. Tuckey, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein
Impact Of Anguillicolides Crassus On American Eels (Anguilla Rostrata), Andrew Wargo, Rob Latour, Troy D. Tuckey, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein
Presentations
American eels Anguilla rostrata are infected by an introduced parasitic nematode Anguillicoloides crassus, which can cause extreme necrosis of their swimbladders, yet effects on the eel population are currently unknown. We collected 3 eel life stages (glass, elver, and yellow) and the presence of A. crassus and swimbladder damage in each eel was quantified. The preliminary data show over 60% prevalence and an even higher prevalence of damaged swimbladders.
Molecular Genetic Studies Of Hematodinium Sp., A Parasitic Dinoflagellate Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus, Katrina M. Pagenkopp Lohan
Molecular Genetic Studies Of Hematodinium Sp., A Parasitic Dinoflagellate Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus, Katrina M. Pagenkopp Lohan
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Economically viable fisheries for the American blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, occur in the USA from Delaware Bay to the Gulf of Mexico. Unfortunately, a number of factors, including overexploitation, degraded habitats, and disease, have contributed to the decline of blue crab populations in the USA. In April 2008, the Secretary of Commerce declared the blue crab fishery in the Chesapeake Bay a "commercial fishery disaster." One factor potentially contributing to the decline of blue crab populations in high salinity waters is infection with Hematodinium sp., a parasitic dinoflagellate, which can cause significant mortalities in blue crab populations. Since the first …
Characterization Of A Rediscovered Haplosporidian Parasite From Cultured Penaeus Vannamei, Lm Nunam, Dv Lightner, Cr Pantoja, Na Stokes, Kimberly S. Reece
Characterization Of A Rediscovered Haplosporidian Parasite From Cultured Penaeus Vannamei, Lm Nunam, Dv Lightner, Cr Pantoja, Na Stokes, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
Mortalities of Penaeus vannamei, cultured in ponds in Belize, Central America, began during the last part of the grow-out cycle during the cold weather months from September 2004 through February 2005. Tissue squashes of infected hepatopancreata and histological examination of infected shrimp revealed that the mortalities might have been caused by an endoparasite. To confirm the diagnosis, DNA was extracted from ethanol preserved hepatopancreata and the small-subunit rRNA gene was sequenced. The 1838 by sequence was novel and phylogenetic analysis placed the P. vannamei parasite within the phylum Haplosporidia as a sister taxon to a clade that includes Bonamia and …
Mortality And Hematology Of Blue Crabs, Callinectes Sapidus, Experimentally Infected With The Parasitic Dinoflagellate Hematodinium Perezi, Jeffrey D. Shields, Christopher M. Squyars
Mortality And Hematology Of Blue Crabs, Callinectes Sapidus, Experimentally Infected With The Parasitic Dinoflagellate Hematodinium Perezi, Jeffrey D. Shields, Christopher M. Squyars
VIMS Articles
On the eastern seaboard of the United States, populations of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, experi-ence recurring outbreaks of a parasitic dinoflagellate, Hematodinium perezi. Epizootics fulminate in summer and autumn causing mortalities in high-salinity embayments and estuaries. In laboratory studies, we experimentally investigated host mortality due to the disease, assessed differential hemato-logical changes in infected crabs, and examined proliferation of the parasite.
Environmental Factors And The Infectious Disease Caused By The Protozoan Parasite, Perkinsus Marinus, In Eastern Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica), Fle Chu
VIMS Articles
Temperature and salinity are two important factors limiting the distribution and abundance of Perkinsus marinus, a protozoan parasite of Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica). Results of laboratory studies ale consistent with field observations and clearly demonstrate that P. marinus susceptibility and disease advancement are positively correlated with temperature, salinity and in situ number of infective cells. Laboratory findings also suggest that environmental degradation may enhance the epizootic, although disease caused by P. marinus in oysters is known to be predominantly exacerbated by elevated temperature and salinity. Oysters cellular defence mechanisms appear ineffective in defence against P. marinus. Also, pollutant esposure caused …
Potential Role Of Protease-Antiprotease Interactions In Perkinsus Marinus Infection In Crassostrea Spp., M Faisal, Jl Oliver, Sl Kaataari
Potential Role Of Protease-Antiprotease Interactions In Perkinsus Marinus Infection In Crassostrea Spp., M Faisal, Jl Oliver, Sl Kaataari
VIMS Articles
Perkinsus marinus causes devastating losses in populations of the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica). Our studies have demonstrated that P. marinus secretes extracellular serine proteases which enhance parasite propagation and compromise host defences. Crassostrea virginica. however, possesses several inhibitors of these proteases. The Pacific oyster (C. gigas) is resistant to P. marinus and possesses protease inhibitors with significantly higher specific activities than those in C. virginica. Interestingly, Crassostrea spp. themselves, elaborate metalloprotease activities which can be detected in their plasma, and are increased during P. marinus infections. Together our work suggests that there may be a broad spectrum of humoral host …
Histopathological Alterations Associated With Perkinsus Spp. Infection In The Softshell Clam Mya Arenaria, Sm Mclaughlin, M Faisal
Histopathological Alterations Associated With Perkinsus Spp. Infection In The Softshell Clam Mya Arenaria, Sm Mclaughlin, M Faisal
VIMS Articles
Softshell clams (Mya arenaria) collected from the Chester River in the upper Chesapeake Bay showed the presence of Perkinsus spp, in similar to 12 % (28/240) Of clams examined. The infection seems to run a mild course with the host prevailing in encapsulating invading parasites. The gills appear to be the major site of infection, however, the parasite was also found in the digestive gland, gonads, and kidneys and occasionally in the tissue and sinuses of adductor muscles. Typically, clusters of protozoal cells were embedded in on amorphous PAS-positive substrate and were surrounded by one or more layers of granulocytes. …
In Vitro Propagation Of Two Perkinsus Species From The Softshell Clam Mya Arenaria, Sm Mclaughlin, M Faisal
In Vitro Propagation Of Two Perkinsus Species From The Softshell Clam Mya Arenaria, Sm Mclaughlin, M Faisal
VIMS Articles
Two continuous, axenic cultures of Perkinsus spp. (H49 and G117)were obtained from the softshell clam Mya arenaria collected from Swan Point in the Chester River, Chesapeake Bay (Maryland).
Isolate H49 was obtained from the hemolymph of a heavily infected clam. Except for their larger size, H49 trophozoites and schizonts exhibited the characteristic morphology of Perkinsus marinus and divided by schizogony. Isolate G117 was obtained from a combined gill/palp sample of a moderately infected clam. Unlike H49, vegetative forms (trophozoites and schizonts) of G117 were present along with prezoosporulation stages in the same culture. In culture, G117 cells multiplied by both …
The Parasite Fauna Of The Wreckfish, Polyprion Americanus, In The North Atlantic Ocean: Application To Host Biology And Stock Identification, Colleen Jill Fennessy
The Parasite Fauna Of The Wreckfish, Polyprion Americanus, In The North Atlantic Ocean: Application To Host Biology And Stock Identification, Colleen Jill Fennessy
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Development Of A Protein-Free Chemically Defined Culture Medium For The Propagation Of The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus, Jf Lapeyre, M Faisal
Development Of A Protein-Free Chemically Defined Culture Medium For The Propagation Of The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus, Jf Lapeyre, M Faisal
VIMS Articles
In the present study we describe a protein-free, chemically defined culture medium, designated JL-ODRP-3, which supports the propagation of Perkinsus marinus, a parasite of the eastern oyster, Crassotrea virginica. P. marinus adapted rapidly to the defined medium and the growth rate of the protozoan increased significantly following a few subcultures. Two isolates of P. marinus, one from the Chesapeake Bay (Virginia) and the other from the Gulf of Mexico (Texas) were cultured for at least ten passes. The doubling times far the isolates from Virginia and Texas, in Jog phase, were 18 +/- 1.2 and 28.6 +/- 3.2 hours respectively, …
Parasitological Examination Of Wasting Disease In Black Abalone, Haliotis Cracherodii : Final Report, Jeffrey D. Shields, Frank O. Perkins
Parasitological Examination Of Wasting Disease In Black Abalone, Haliotis Cracherodii : Final Report, Jeffrey D. Shields, Frank O. Perkins
Reports
Black abalone in southern California are afflicted with chronic intestinal infections of a rickettsia-like organism that causes a debilitating and fatal withering syndrome. The hematology of withered animals indicated that cellular degradation and apoptosis occurred in tandem with the · decline and catabolism of abalone tissues. Two types of hemocytes were found in the hemolymph. Type I and Type II Hyalinocytes were distinguished by subtle differences in their cytoplasmic vesicles. Densities of both types of hemocytes declined in abundance, and small, presumptive stem cells increased in abundance with the progression of the disease. No circulating granulocytes were present in hemolymph; …
Optimal Culture Conditions For The Propagation Of The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus (Apicomplexa) In Protein Deficient Medium, Jf Lapeyre, M Faisal
Optimal Culture Conditions For The Propagation Of The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus (Apicomplexa) In Protein Deficient Medium, Jf Lapeyre, M Faisal
VIMS Articles
The protozoan, Perkinsus marinus, acclimated and proliferated in the culture medium JL-ODRP-1 without bovine serum albumin. The principal culture conditions for the optimal propagation of P. marinus in this protein deficient culture medium, were determined. The greatest growth rates of the parasite occurred at 28 degrees C, 661 mOsm/kg and pH 7.5. Decreasing seeding densities from 16 x 10(5) to 1 x 10(5) also increased growth rate. After several passages in the absence of 5% CO2 tension, the growth rate of P. marinus was similar to its original value in the presence of 5% CO2 tension. This protein deficient culture …
An Ultra Structural Study Of Sporogenesis, Vegatative Morphology, And Host-Parasite Interactions In Choreonema Thuretii (Corallinales, Rhodophyta), Elizabeth Anne Lapointe
An Ultra Structural Study Of Sporogenesis, Vegatative Morphology, And Host-Parasite Interactions In Choreonema Thuretii (Corallinales, Rhodophyta), Elizabeth Anne Lapointe
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Environmental Control Of Perkinsus Marinus And Elucidation Of Over Wintering Infections : Final Report, Eugene M. Burreson, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo
Environmental Control Of Perkinsus Marinus And Elucidation Of Over Wintering Infections : Final Report, Eugene M. Burreson, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo
Reports
The role of low temperature and low salinity in controlling P. marinus was investigated under laboratory conditions which simulated typical and extreme winter and spring environmental conditions.
Uncertainties And Speculations About The Life Cycle Of The Eastern Oyster Pathogen Haplosporidium Nelsoni (Msx), Harold H. Haskins, Jay D. Andrews
Uncertainties And Speculations About The Life Cycle Of The Eastern Oyster Pathogen Haplosporidium Nelsoni (Msx), Harold H. Haskins, Jay D. Andrews
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
For 30 years, the pathogen Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) has been causing serious mortalities of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica in the Delaware and Chesapeake bays of the eastern USA. Its life cycle is largely unknown, and methods for control are wanting. Breeding of resistant eastern oyster strains, at this time, offers the best hope for some degree of control of the disease. Although haplosporidians are known by their spores, controlled transmission, with one possible exception, has not been achieved in any of the 30 recognized species. Haplosporidium nelsoni rarely sporulates in eastern oysters, and this and other observations led to early …
Structure Of Protistan Parasites Found In Bivalve Molluscs, Frank O. Perkins
Structure Of Protistan Parasites Found In Bivalve Molluscs, Frank O. Perkins
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
The literature on the structure of protists parasitizing bivalve molluscs is reviewed, and previously unpublished observations of species of class Perkinsea , phylum Haplosporidia, and class Paramyxea are presented. Descriptions are given of the flagellar apparatus of Perkinsus marinus zoospores, the ultrastructure of Perkinsus sp. from the Baltic macoma Macoma balthica, and the development of haplosporosome-like bodies in Haplosporidium nelsoni. The possible origin of stem cells of Marrteilia sydneyi from the inner two sporoplasms is discussed. New research efforts are suggested which could help elucidate the phylogenetic interrelationships and taxonomic positions of the various taxa and help in efforts to …
Epizootiology Of The Disease Caused By The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus And Its Effects On The Oyster Industry, Jay D. Andrews
Epizootiology Of The Disease Caused By The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus And Its Effects On The Oyster Industry, Jay D. Andrews
VIMS Books and Book Chapters
Perkinsus marinus is a protozoan parasite that causes a major disease of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica from Chesapeake Bay south along the Atlantic coast of the USA and throughout the Gulf of Mexico. It is a warm-season disease that kills eastern oysters at temperatures above 20°C. The pathogen requires salinities of at least 12-15%0 to be active, but it persists tenaciously when low temperatures and salinities occur during winter and spring. Prolonged droughts that increase salinities cause extensions of the range of disease. In the Chesapeake Bay, mortalities begin in June and end in October, and up to 50% of …
Achievements Of Soviet Scientists In Investigations Of The Helminthofauna Of Marine Animals Of The World Ocean, S. L. Delamure, A. S. Skriabin
Achievements Of Soviet Scientists In Investigations Of The Helminthofauna Of Marine Animals Of The World Ocean, S. L. Delamure, A. S. Skriabin
Reports
During the last 40 yr (1940 to 1980), Soviet helminthologists have examined about 9,680 specimens of marine mammals In the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, using uniform or standard methods In most cases. As a result, 20 new species of trematodes [digeneids], 19 cestodes, 9 acanthocephalans, and 23 nematodes have been described. Also several new supraspecific taxa have been established. Systematic revisions of Campuidae, Tetrabothriidae, Pseudallidae, and Anisakidae have been undertaken. The morphology, adaptation of helminths to their environments and to the host's mode of life, Infection rates and characteristics, and the seasonal and age dynamics of the helmlnthofauna have been …
Bibliography Of The Monogenetic Trematode Literature Of The World, 1758 To 1982, William J. Hargis Jr., Dennis A. Thoney
Bibliography Of The Monogenetic Trematode Literature Of The World, 1758 To 1982, William J. Hargis Jr., Dennis A. Thoney
Reports
Interest in the monogenean parasites has grown markedly in the last twenty years. To enhance and speed world-wide research activity, we prepared the first edition of this bibliography in 1969. This latest effort is intended to do the same.
Epizootiology Of Late Summer And Fall Infections Of Oysters By Haplosporidium Nelsoni, And Comparisons To Annual Life Cycle Of Haplosporidium Costalis, A Typical Haplosporidan, J. D. Andrews
VIMS Articles
The two haplosporidan parasites that cause diseases of oysters along the middle North Atlantic coast of North America differ in their habitats, in timing of oyster mortalities, and in their adaptations to the host. Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) kills oysters throughout the year over a wide range of salinities (about 15 to 30 ppt). It has a long infective period of nearly 6 months. This pathogen rarely completes sporulation in its life cycle in oysters. It is highly pathogenic and exhibits irregular activity suggesting that it is poorly adapted to the host species. In contrast, Haplosporidium costalis (SSO) has a short, …
Morphology Of Udonella Caligorum Johnston, 1835, And The Position Of Udonellidae In The Systematics Of Platyhelminths, A. V. Ivanov
Morphology Of Udonella Caligorum Johnston, 1835, And The Position Of Udonellidae In The Systematics Of Platyhelminths, A. V. Ivanov
Reports
The platyhelminth, Udonella, lives on parasitic copepod crustaceans and, according to the present system of classification belongs to monogenetic trematodes (Monogena) among which it is usually placed in the group Monopisthocotylea (Fuhrmann, 1928; Bychowsky, 1937; Dawes, 1946; Sproston, 1946). However, the morphology of Udonella has not yet been studied thoroughly by anyone, and a number of unusual features of the structure, ontogenesis and biology of this form cause doubts with regard to its belonging to the Monogena.