Life Sciences Commons^™

Reproductive Success Of The White-Faced Ibis: The Effects Of Pesticides And Colony Characteristics, Benjamin B. Steele

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Reproductive success of white-faced ibis (Plegadis chihi) was measured in nine colonies on marshes in northern Utah during 1979. The effects of pesticides and characteristics of colonies and sub-colonies on reproductive success were examined.

DDE was present in all 80 eggs sampled and had a geometric mean concentration of 1.25 ppm. Shell thickness of 176 eggs was 4.3 percent below pre-1945 thickness. Shell thickness was weakly correlated with residues of DDT, DDE, Dieldrin, and heptachlor epoxide. Residues of these four pesticides were all correlated with each other. However, because of the stronger correlations between shell thickness and two …

Emergency Feed Grain Storage For New England, William J. Hanekamp, Stanley K. Seaver

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project Environmental Impact Statement: Appendix K: Fish & Wildlife Mitigation Plan & Impacts (Revised), New England Division, United States Army Engineer Division

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

The proposed plan is comprised of three major segments: terrestrial, fisheries and endangered species. Each segment is essentially a self-contained unit. All costs for the three segments including land acquisition, operation and maintenance and capital equipment, are to be charged to the project and allocated to the project purposes of hydroelectric generation and flood control.

Stress: What Is It And How Can It Be Quantified?, T. H. Friend

Sentience Collection

An animal may be considered to be in a state of stress if abnormal behavior or extreme adjustments in its behavior or physiology are necessary in order to cope with adverse aspects of its environment. Methods used to determine if an animal is stressed can be either behavioral or physiological. Behavioral methods may be highly erroneous due to their subjective nature since alterations in behavior do not necessarily prove that an animal is stressed. There is no single measure of stress that can be used in all situations at this time. Every measure must be critically evaluated to ensure that …

Wrcc-42 "Evaluation Of Methods To Control Rodent Damage To Hay, Range And Grain Crops"

Western Region Coordinating Committee for Vertebrate Pests of Agriculture, Forestry, and Public Lands (WCC-95)

December 11

9:00 a.m. Welcome and Introduction; Ralph A. Young, Associate Director, Nevada Agr. Exp. Sta.; Paul T. Tuel1er, Administrative Advisor to WRCC-42; Committee members and visitors

9:30 Discussion of procedures for a WRCC and WRCC-42 in particular

10:00 Break

10:20 Discussion of Coordinating Committee objectives

12:00 lunch

1:30 - Presentation of research activities being conducted by

5:00 the various committee members

December 12

8:30 a.m. Continued presentation and discussion of research

10:00 Break

10:20 - General discussion of committee concerns.

12:00 Election of committee officers.

Selection of next meeting time and place.

Amputation Of Vibrissae In Show Dogs, Thomas E. Mcgill

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

Dogs of many different breeds competing in the show-ring are routinely subjected to amputation of the vibrissae, organs that are commonly and incorrectly called "whiskers." This procedure is thought to give the animal's head a cleaner look, which in turn supposedly increases its chances of winning. There are several tricks involved in "whisker trimming" since the animals can retract each vibrissae at least one-quarter inch. Furthermore, they often object strenuously to the operation.

Using Exhaust Air From A Swine Finishing House To Grow Vegetables And Plants (1980), J K. Greig, C K. Spillman, B A. Koch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Exhaust air from a Kansas State University swine finishing house provides CO2 and possible other gases that are used by vegetable plants. In addition, a rock storage system reduces fuel requirements of the greenhouse. Tomatoes, cucumbers, and broccoli transplants have been grown in the greenhouses.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 13, 1980

The Effects On Boar Reproductive Efficiency Of Exposure To Females During Rearing (1980), Duane L. Davis, J V. Craig, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Thirty-two boars (16 littermates) were reared from 3½ to 5½ months in either an all-male group or with fence-line exposure to cycling sows and gilts. Exposure to females did not significantly increase testicle or accessory gland weights, sperm production, or libido score. Boars that displayed more sexual activity (mounts and sheath sniffs) from 3½ to 5½ months of age performed superiorly in mating tests at 5½ and 7½ months of age. Libido scores of littermate boars were very similar.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 13, 1980

Feeding Value Of Alfalfa Leaf Protein Concentrate (Alpc) For Swine (1980), A Hsu, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three feeding trials involving 96 starter pigs, 48 grower pigs and 48 finisher pigs were used to determine the feeding value of alfalfa leaf protein concentrate (ALPC) for swine. ALPC was substituted for 33%, 66% or 100% of dehulled soybean meal (SBM) on an equal-weight basis. Level of ALPC did not affect feed intake or feed efficiency. During the finisher phase, ALPC substituted for 66% or 100% of dehulled SBM, improved daily gain (P<.05). For the entire trial, ALPC did not affect feed efficiency; average daily gain was improved by replacing 66% dehulled SBM with ALPC (P<.05). Twelve crossbred barrows averaging 26 lb were used to determine protein and energy digestibilities and nitrogen balance in starter diets where ALPC replaced 0, 66%, or 100% of the dehulled SBM. Digestibilities of protein and energy of ALPC were 83.5% and 77.7% respectively. The digestible energy of ALPC, 4.17 kcal/g, was similar to that of dehulled SBM 4.39 kcal/g. These results suggest that ALPC can replace soybean meal in a corn diet for pigs from 17 lb to 202 lb with no adverse effects on feed efficiency, rate of gain, or carcass characteristics.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 13, 1980

Study Ii: Electrically Stimulated And Hot-Processed Beef--Color And Eating Qualities, K. Hagele, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner, Donald H. Kropf, M. Lyon

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Hot processing is gaining increased interest in the beef processing industry today because of the previously mentioned processing efficiencies and economic advantages. This study examined the color and eating characteristics of electrically stimulated hot-processed beef compared with beef conventionally chilled and processed.

Application And Potential Of Electrical Stimulation, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

It has been known for years that electrical stimulation will improve tenderness of meat, but the technique only recently has gained considerable interest in the meat industry. Benjamin Franklin in 1749 observed that killing turkeys electrically made the muscle quite tender. In 1951, Harsham and Deatherage and Rentschler gained separate patents for tenderizing carcasses with electrical stimulation. Tenderness was the most obvious change stemming from electrical stimulation. However, research efforts in New Zealand, England, and the United States have recently attributed other important results to the technique.

Effect Of Ralgro On The Performance Of Cull Beef Cows, L.R. Corah, F. Brazle, J.D. Dawes

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We assigned 110 cull beef cows of mixed breeding to a control group and a group implanted with 36 mg Ralgro. Ralgro implants improved gains 12.8 lbs (11.2%) over a 59-day grazing period.

Silage Additives, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Six commercial silage additives were evaluated in five trials with corn, forage sorghum, and alfalfa. In general, each additive improved the silage in at least one of four criteria we used for the comparisons: ensiling temperature, silage dry matter (DM) loss during fermentation, cattle performance, and silage stability in air. The additives lowered ensiling temperatures during the first week by about 5F (range, 2.7 to 9.9F). Additives consistently reduced DM lost during fermentation. Loss from five control silages averaged 10.0% compared with 4.7% from nine silages with additives. No silage additive significantly affected rate of gain or silage intake in …

Silo-Guard For Forage Sorghum Silage, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two forage sorghum silages (29 to 30% DM) were made October 1 to 3, 1978; one ensiled without additive (control), the other with 1.5 lbs. of Silo-Guard added per ton of fresh crop. Silos were opened after 36 days, and each was full-fed to 15 yearling steers (3 pens of 5 steers) during a 90-day trial (November 9, 1978, to February 7, 1979). Rations contained 84% silage and 16% soybean meal supplement on a DM basis.

Intake Of Milk And Range Forage By Nursing Calves, A. Peischel, R.R. Schalles, Clenton E. Owensby, E.F. Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Adequate milk production by the cow to promote fast gain by her calf the first three months is important for heavy weaning weights. Calves consume considerable range forage by three months of age, and milk consumption begins to decrease. As grass begins to mature in September, milk from the dam and range forage eaten by the calf (as a percentage of body weight) decrease to below recommended protein level, so gains decrease. Weaning calves and placing them on a higher nutrition level in late August or early September may be considered when continued fast gains are desired.

Ensila Plus, Sila-Lator, And Silo-Guard For Alfalfa Silage, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four alfalfa silages (34 to 37% DM) were made May 30 and 31, 1979, as follows: 1) no additive (control), 2) 3 ounces of Ensila Plus per ton, 3) 1.0 lb of Si1a-1ator per ton, and 4) 1.5 1b of Silo-Guard per ton. Silos were opened after 51 days and each was fed to 41 bred, yearling heifers (one pen of 20 and one pen of 21) during a 26-day trial (July 21 to August 16, 1979). All heifers also received 2.0 1bs daily of a grain mix that contained 200 mg of Rumensin for one pen fed each silage …

Hot Processing--Potential For Application In The Beef Processing Industry

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three studies were conducted to evaluate the economics and quality of hot-processed beef. Study I compared two hot-processing techniques to conventional chilling and processing to determine efficiencies of energy, labor, and other resources. Substantial savings occurring with hot processing techniques include: 32 to 42% less energy need, significantly less cooler space requirement, eliminating the need to shroud carcasses, less labor, and reduced carcass shrinkage resulting in savings of $2.36 to $2.75 per head slaughtered. Study II compared the color and eating qualities of electrically stimulated and hot-processed beef with conventionally processed beef. Electrically stimulated and hot-boned loineye steaks were similar …

Arapaho Prairie, Arthur County, Nebraska: Approximate Ap Grid For Gis, Kathleen H. Keeler, A. T. Harrison, L. S. Vescio

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Grid map of field sites at Arapaho Prairie in Arthur County, Nebraska. Scale 1 5/16" = 1/4 mile. Shows permanently marked vegetation quadrats, blowouts and ravine washouts, roads, and 100' contour intervals. Part of the map was destroyed by mice. What remains of the map as of 2013 is shown.

Hot Processed Beef--Microbiological Characteristics, C.Y. Lee, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, M. Lyon, Daniel Y.C. Fung

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

To help insure that hot-processed beef has an acceptable shelf life and is microbiologically safe, the microbial characteristics of the product must be evaluated. This is particularly true for hot-processed cuts that are packaged and boxed prior to complete chilling--a practice that facilitates handling. An adequate chilling rate the first several hours postmortem is extremely important to the microbiological quality and shelf life of meat. Therefore, in order to insure an acceptable hot-processed beef product, this study was designed to establish chilling rates necessary to satisfactorily control microbial activity in hot-boned beef.

Smutty Wheat In Swine Diets (1980), G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Smutty wheat substituted for milo in diets for pigs from 20-60 pounds did not affect pig performance.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 13, 1980

Effects Of Artificial Rearing And Restricted Nutrient Intake During The First Three Weeks Of Life On Later Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Pigs (1980), G L. Allee, M Noll

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixty pigs from nine 1itters were allotted, 24 hours after birth, by litter, sex, and birth weight to three treatments: A) sow reared, B) artificially reared and fed milk replacer ad libitum twice daily (artificially reared-unrestricted), and C) artificially reared and restricted to 50% of the nutrient intake of treatment B (artificially reared-restricted). Artificially reared pigs were housed in individual cages during the 20 day treatment period. After 21 days of age, pigs were fed corn-soybean meal diets ad libitum to slaughter at 220 pounds. Average daily gains and pig weights at 21 days differed significantly (P<.0l) different among all treatments.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 13, 1980

Study I: Economic Feasibility Of Hot Processing Beef Carcasses, J. Mccoy, P. Nason, D. Chung, Curtis L. Kastner, A. Lawrence, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nearly all steer and heifer beef carcasses processed in the United, States are chilled before cutting. However, recent meat science research has shown that carcasses can be processed, and quality of meat maintained, with little or no chilling. Processing as defined here involves cutting the carcasses into subprimal pieces, removing bones and excess fat, sealing the pieces in vacuum packages, and placing the packages in palletized boxes. It is already known that substantial economic saving can be obtained from reduced storage and transportation costs of boxed beef, but little work has been done on the economic feasibility of hot processing.

Ground Beef From Electrically Stimulated And Pre-Rigor Processed Carcasses, Melvin C. Hunt, J.L.A. Kendall, Donald H. Kropf, Michael E. Dikeman, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ground beef from electrically stimulated and/or pre-rigor processed carcasses was equivalent to conventional ground beef in texture, palatability, and frozen storage stability, but lost more juice when vacuum-stored, had 2% more total cooking losses from patties, and 1 day less shelf life during display.

Two Semen-Thawing Procedures Compared By Competitively Mating Beef Cows, Kenneth G. Odde, G.H. Kiracofe, H.S. Ward, J. Brethour

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-five cows were used to compare the fertilizing abilities of sperm packaged in 0.5-ml straws and thawed in warm water to similarly packaged sperm thawed in the inseminating gun. A system of competitive mating provided for inseminating each cow twice. After cows had estrus synchronized, each was artificially inseminated with one straw of Angus semen plus one straw of Simmental semen; semen in one straw was thawed in warm water, the other in the inseminating gun. Calves produced indicated the fertilizing sperm. Of the 20 cows that conceived at the synchronized estrus, 16 conceived to warm water-thawed semen and 4 …

Effect Of Early Weaning On Subsequent Reproduction And Calf Production By Replacement Heifers, W.D. Busby, M. Mckee, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Analysis of breeding records for 128 percentage Simmental females either weaned early (average age 63 days) or conventionally (average age 194 days) showed no statistically significant difference between early-weaned and nursed heifer calves for subsequent conception rate, calving date, ease of calving, calf birth weight, or 205-day adjusted calf weaning weight.

The Effects Of Rumensin, Protein, Energy, And Post-Weaning Illness On Reproductive Performance In Replacement Heifers, L.R. Sprott, G.H. Kiracofe, L.R. Corah, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Rumensin increased the number of heifers cycling at 394 days of age and tended to decrease the weight at puberty, with no effect on conception or pregnancy. Rumensin also increased average daily gain, total weight change, and feed efficiency. Protein level had no direct effect on reproductive or heifer performance. Heifers on higher energy rations tended to cycle s09ner and be younger and lighter at puberty. Higher energy rations caused faster daily gain, more total weight change, and better feed efficiency. Post-weaning sickness had no effect on reproductive performance or growth.

Effect Of Various Levels Of Ralgro On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Heifers, L. Corah, L.R. Sprott, G. Francis, G. Kiracofe

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Implanting heifers at weaning time with 12, 24, or 36 mg of Ralgro did not affect reproductive performance of the heifers when bred as yearlings.

Performance And Forage Intake Of Range Cows As Affected By Mineral Supplement And Delaying Winter Supplemental Feed, R.J. Pruitt, H.A. Peischel, E.F. Smith, R.R. Schalles, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Polled Hereford cows on native Flint Hills pasture not supplemented until February lost more weight from November to February and were in poorer condition during the winter and early spring than cows supplemented beginning in November. But birth weights, weaning weights, conception percentages, and calving intervals were similar for both groups. Balancing for phosphorus, potassium, and copper deficiencies in the forage did not improve cow or calf performance. Forage intake ranged from 1.70% of fall body weight when dormant winter grass was low in protein and digestibility to 3.45% when spring grass was higher in protein and more digestible. Forage …

Rumensin And Drylot Vs. Pasture Systems For Early-Weaned Calves, W.D. Busby, L.R. Corah, M. Mckee, G. Fink, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-six Polled Hereford and percentage Simmental calves were used to evaluate Rumensin and drylot vs. pasture systems by average daily gain of early-weaned (54 day old) calves. Rumensin was fed at 10 g/ton of feed for 28 days and 20 g/ton thereafter. The starter and standard creep rations were self-fed to both the drylot and pasture groups. Drylot calves outgained calves on pearl millet pasture 196 lbs to 140 lbs during the 76-day pasture trial. Rumensin decreased fecal samples containing coccidial oocytes and improved total gain 5.5% and feed efficiency 4.8%.

Grazing Cattle On Alfalfa, D. Hayes, L. Corah, E.E. Bartley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Data collected from six producers grazing 4050 head of cattle on 850 acres of irrigated alfalfa showed that under optimum conditions, Kansas producers can expect: stocking rate, 5 to 6 head/acre; average daily gain, 2 lbs +; total pounds of beef/acre, 1300 to 1500 lbs; and death loss below 1%. Bloat Guard 2,3 performed the best when added to a grain supplement.