Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
High Arctic Permafrost Microbial Characterizations: Siberian And Svalbard Microbiology Of Ancient And Active Layer Permafrost, Katie Sipes
Doctoral Dissertations
Permafrost is soil that has remained frozen for at least two years. The active layer is a surface portion above the permafrost that experiences seasonal thaw and refreezing. The environmental characteristics of permafrost and active layer are different but are directly related to each other. As the climate continues to warm, the active layer will expand into the permafrost and the continuously frozen soil will be subjected to seasonal thawing. The organisms that inhabit both the active layer and the permafrost soil will respond differently to the climate based on where in the soil they are present and the soil …
Microbial Communities Hosted By Carnivorous Pitcher Plants: Diversity, Recruitment, Functions And Succession In Sarracenia Purpurea Microbiomes, Jacob Jeffrey Grothjan
Microbial Communities Hosted By Carnivorous Pitcher Plants: Diversity, Recruitment, Functions And Succession In Sarracenia Purpurea Microbiomes, Jacob Jeffrey Grothjan
Theses and Dissertations
The pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea supplements nutrient acquisition through carnivory, capturing insect prey which are digested by a food web community of eukaryotes and bacteria. Analysis of both bacterial and eukaryotic diversity, and an understanding of bacterial recruitment into pitchers and succession of bacterial and eukaryotic communities over time have not been well explored. This thesis presents three studies designed to address these gaps using field sampling and manipulative greenhouse experiments. Study I compared bacterial and eukaryotic composition and diversity of pitcher communities within and between populations of plants in two distinct wetland habitats. Genetic sequence analysis revealed an underappreciated …
From Microbes To Management: Spatial And Temporal Variations In Available Vegetation Affect The Gut Microbiota In A Population Of Free-Ranging Generalist Herbivores, Olivia K. Rodríguez
From Microbes To Management: Spatial And Temporal Variations In Available Vegetation Affect The Gut Microbiota In A Population Of Free-Ranging Generalist Herbivores, Olivia K. Rodríguez
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
The effects of extrinsic environmental factors that shape ecological systems are not only seen at the macroscopic level, but additionally influence and govern the host-associated microbial communities of their mammalian hosts. These microbial communities are susceptible to the fluctuation of abiotic and biotic factors which affect their host organisms. The surge in the research of microbiota–communities of archaea, bacteria, fungi, and viruses residing in various environmental systems–has shown that these communities can profoundly influence animal health. As such, monitoring microbiota has allowed for a new approach to study animal health and physiology. This is of particular benefit in the conservation …
Response Of The Soil Bacterial Community, Resistome, And Mobilome To A Decade Of Macrolide Antibiotic Contamination, Liam Paul Brown
Response Of The Soil Bacterial Community, Resistome, And Mobilome To A Decade Of Macrolide Antibiotic Contamination, Liam Paul Brown
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Biosolids (treated sewage sludge) are used as agricultural fertilizer but are frequently contaminated with macrolide antibiotics, to which resistance is rising among historically susceptible bacteria. To determine if the land-application of macrolides carried in biosolids could promote antibiotic resistance in soil bacteria, soil plots were exposed annually to environmentally realistic or high doses of macrolides for ten years. I sequenced the bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA, metagenomic DNA, and integron gene cassettes within the treated and antibiotic-free soil to compare the compositions and diversities of the bacterial communities, antibiotic resistance genes, and mobile genetic elements. I determined that the high dose …
You Are What You Eat — Exploring The Microbiome Through Inquiry-Based Labs. Microbiome Lesson Plans, Karla S. Fuller
You Are What You Eat — Exploring The Microbiome Through Inquiry-Based Labs. Microbiome Lesson Plans, Karla S. Fuller
Open Educational Resources
If these commonly used spices have the ability to inhibit pathogenic bacterial growth, could they also potentially inhibit the growth of normal, harmless bacteria that live in your body? In this lab, we will test common bacteria for resistance to food additives.
Deciphering The Perpetual Fight Between Virus And Host: Utilizing Bioinformatics To Elucidate The Host's Genetic Mechanisms That Influence Jc Polyomavirus Infection, Michael P. Wilczek
Deciphering The Perpetual Fight Between Virus And Host: Utilizing Bioinformatics To Elucidate The Host's Genetic Mechanisms That Influence Jc Polyomavirus Infection, Michael P. Wilczek
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a human-specific pathogen that infects 50-80% of the population, and can cause a deadly, demyelinating disease, known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). In most of the population, JCPyV persistently infects the kidneys but during immunosuppression, it can reactivate and spread to the central nervous system (CNS), causing PML. In the CNS, JCPyV targets two cell types, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Due to the hallmark pathology of oligodendrocyte lysis observed in disease, oligodendrocytes were thought to be the main cell type involved during JCPyV infection. However, recent evidence suggests that astrocytes are targeted by the virus and act …
Genomic Analysis Of Paenibacillus Larvae Bacteriophages, Casey Stamereilers
Genomic Analysis Of Paenibacillus Larvae Bacteriophages, Casey Stamereilers
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
American Foulbrood is the most destructive bacterial infection of the honeybee (Apis mellifera) and is caused by the Gram-positive, spore forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae. Current treatment methods rely on antibiotics, but antibiotics treatments are experiencing a reduction in efficacy due to the recent rise in antibiotic resistant strains of P. larvae. This has been a major catalyst for exploration of alternative treatment methods. Phage therapy is an alternative treatment method that uses viruses that exclusively infect bacteria, known as bacteriophages (phages), to combat bacterial infections. Several experimental studies have shown that phages P. larvae phages are effective at lysing P. …
F Plasmids In Escherichia Coli Decrease Permissivity To Coliphage, Cesar Eber Montelongo Hernandez
F Plasmids In Escherichia Coli Decrease Permissivity To Coliphage, Cesar Eber Montelongo Hernandez
Dissertations
The urinary tract contains a community of bacteria called the urinary microbiota (urobiota) thatmay be relevant to health; the genomic component of the urobiota is the urinary microbiome (urobiome). Urinary bacteria have been associated with both asymptomatic states and disease conditions, such as urinary tract infection (UTI), overactive bladder (OAB), and urge urinary incontinence (UUI). Some bacteria, such as E. coli, are considered urinary pathogens (uropathogens) but also can be commensals. Bacteriophage (phage) are ubiquitous in nature and likely shape bacterial populations in every niche; thus, phage may be one factor that modulates the urobiota. Phages have a specific host …