Life Sciences Commons^™

A New Eimeria Species (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Infecting Onychomys Species (Rodentia: Muridae) In New Mexico And Arizona, John A. Hnida, Wade D. Wilson, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Fecal samples from 3 species of Onychomys (Rodentia: Muridae) captured in New Mexico and Arizona were examined for coccidia. Six of the 59 (10%) were infected with a new species of Eimeria. Sporulated oocysts (n = 105) of this new species are subspheroidal, 17.4 × 16.1 (14-21 × 13-19) μm, with ellipsoidal sporocysts 10.4 × 5.7 (9-12 × 5-8) μm. This species occurred in 3 of 24 (13%) Onychomys arenicola, 2 of 31 (6%) Onychomys leucogaster from New Mexico, and 1 of 4 (25%) Onychomys torridus from Arizona. Isolates recovered from O. leucogaster and O. torridus were …

Review Of Catálogo De La Coleccíon Nacional De Helmintos By Rafael Lamothe-Argumedo, Luis Garcia-Prieto, David Osorio-Sarabia, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De León (Unam, 1996), Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Review of Catálogo de la Coleccíon Nacional de Helmintos by Rafael Lamothe-Argumedo, Luis Garcia-Prieto, David Osorio-Sarabia and Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León (UNAM, 1996).

Histopathological Alterations Associated With Perkinsus Spp. Infection In The Softshell Clam Mya Arenaria, Sm Mclaughlin, M Faisal

VIMS Articles

Softshell clams (Mya arenaria) collected from the Chester River in the upper Chesapeake Bay showed the presence of Perkinsus spp, in similar to 12 % (28/240) Of clams examined. The infection seems to run a mild course with the host prevailing in encapsulating invading parasites. The gills appear to be the major site of infection, however, the parasite was also found in the digestive gland, gonads, and kidneys and occasionally in the tissue and sinuses of adductor muscles. Typically, clusters of protozoal cells were embedded in on amorphous PAS-positive substrate and were surrounded by one or more layers of granulocytes. …

P. Falciparum Cg2, Linked To Chloroquine Resistance, Does Not Resemble Na+/H+ Exchangers, Thomas E. Wellems, John C. Wootton, Hisashi Fujioka, Xin-Zhuan Su, Roland Cooper, Dror Baruch, David A. Frock

Roland A. Cooper

Infectivity And Pathogenicity Of Baculovirus Penaei (Bp) In Cultured Larval And Postlarval Pacific White Shrimp, Penaeus Vannamei, Related To The Stage Of Viral Development, Hugh S. Hammer, Kenneth C. Stuck, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The infectivity and pathogenicity of the penaeid shrimp virus, Baculovirus penaei (BP), is influenced by the stage of viral development. This study consisted of a preliminary experiment which showed that nonoccluded virus administered per os is infective, followed by two infectivity experiments. In the first phase of each infectivity experiment, mysis stage larvae of Penaeus vannamei were inoculated with BP and samples of infected tissue were collected at various times postinoculation (p.i.). These samples were then used to inoculate either mysis or postlarval stage P. vannamei in the second phase of each experiment. Viral inocula prepared from patently infected tissues …

Echinocephalus Janzeni N. Sp. (Nematoda: Gnathostomatidae) In Himantura Pacifica (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) From The Pacific Coast Of Costa Rica And Mexico, With Historical Biogeographic Analysis Of The Genus, Eric P. Hoberg, Daniel R. Brooks, Helena Molina Ureña, Eric Erbe

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Echinocephalus janzeni n. sp. in the stingray, Himantura pacifica, is described from the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coasts of Costa Rica and southern Mexico. On the basis of the presence of 6 postanal caudal papillae, and modified annules anterior to the caudal alae in males, E. janzeni is most similar to Echinocephalus daileyi and Echinocephalus diazi. Specimens of E. janzeni are distinguished from those of E. daileyi by bilobed caudal alae and long cervical sacs that extend up to 65% of the length of the esophagus; E. janzeni is differentiated from E. diazi by the number of …

Review Of Meyer, Olsen And Schmidt's Essentials Of Parasitology, 6th Ed., By Murray D. Dailey; Brown, 1996, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Review of Meyer, Olsen and Schmidt's Essentials of Parasitology, 6th ed., by Murray D. Dailey; Brown, 1996. 289 p., ill., index. ISBN: 0-697-15983-3.

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I- And Ii-Deficient Knock-Out Mice Are Resistant To Primary But Susceptible To Secondary Eimeria Papillata Infections, Marco L. Schito, Bill Chobotar, John R. Barta

Faculty Publications

Two distinct mechanisms seem to function in reducing oocyst output during Eimeria papillata infections in mice. For naive mice, immunity was afforded by a T-cell-independent gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) response mediated by natural killer (NK) cells. On reinfection, resistance was associated with T-cells and, to a lesser extent, perforin. To determine if antigen presentation with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules was required to control oocyst production by NK cells during primary infection or by T-cells during secondary infection, mutant mice that lacked H2-IAβb (Aβb(-/-)) or β2-microglobulin (β2m(-/-)) were used. Since MHC molecules are required for the maturation of αβ T-cells, Aβb(-/-) and …

Preliminary Phylogenetic Analysis Of Subfamilies Of The Proteocephalidea (Eucestoda), Amilcar Arandas Rego, Alain De Chambrier, Vladimira Hanzelová, Eric P. Hoberg, Tomás Scholz, Peter Weekes, Marc Zehnder

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Cladistic analysis based on comparative morphology was used to examine the subfamily-level relationships within the cestode order Proteocephalidea. A single most parsimonious tree (70 steps, CI = 0.571; RC = 0.295; HI = 0.471) is consistent with monophyly for the Proteocephalidea and showed a relatively high consistency at the family level with the diagnosis of two major subclades. Unambiguous support for a Proteocephalidae subclade, including the Corallobothriinae, Proteocephalinae, Gangesiinae and Sandonellinae, and a Monticelliidae subclade, including the Marsypocephalinae, Zygobothriinae, Monticelliinae, Rudolphiellinae, Ephedrocephalinae and Othinoscolecinae was evident. Two subfamilies, the Acanthotaeniinae (historically in the Proteocephalidae) and Nupeliinae (historically in the Monticelliidae), …

Tnf(Alpha)-Dependent And Tnf(Alpha)-Independent Activation Of Macrophage Effector Function, Annette R. Clemons-Miller

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is predominantly produced by activated macrophages. The effects of TNFα are as diverse as the cells with which it interacts, e.g., stimulating fibroblast growth, exerting cytotoxic/cytostatic; activity against various human and murine cell lines, promoting inflammation through upregulation of endothelial adhesion molecules and IL-8 production. Yet TNFα is best known, and in fact was originally described, for its role in the bacterial-induced hemorrhagic necrosis of tumors and exacerbation of septic shock in which aberrant TNFα production leads to vascular collapse, cachexia, multiple organ failure, and ultimately death in as many …

Species Of Myxobolus (Myxozoa) From The Bulbus Arteriosus Of Centrarchid Fishes In North America, With A Description Of Two New Species, David K. Cone, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Three species of Myxobolus (Myxozoa, Myxosporea) occur in heart tissue of centrarchids. Myxobolus paralintoni Li and Desser, 1985 from Lepomis gibbosus in Algonquin Park and in Lake Erie, Ontario, has subcircular spores (in plane of spore length) in frontal view (11-13 μm long, 9-10 μm wide, and 5 μm thick) with a width-to-length ratio of 1:1.2. Myxobolus jollimorei n. sp. from Lepomis macrochirus in Lake Erie and in the Pascagoula River System, Mississippi, has subcircular spores (in plane of spore width) in frontal view (10.0-11.5 μm long, 12.0-14.5 μm wide, and 6.5-8.0 μm thick) with a width-to-length ratio of 1:0.8. …

Occurrence And Morphological Comparisons Of Campula Oblonga (Digenea: Campulidae), Including A Report From An Atypical Host, The Thresher Shark, Alopias Vulpinus [Research Notes], Ann M. Adams, Eric P. Hoberg, D. F. Mcalpine, S. L. Clayden

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

New host records for Campula oblonga Cobbold, 1858 from the common dolphin, Delphinus delphis L., and from the thresher shark, Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre), are reported herein. Campulids have not been reported previously from a host that was not a marine mammal. The excellent condition and small size of the gravid specimen and the diet and natural history of the thresher shark lead us to conclude that the digene was acquired from the consumption of infected fish. Specimens of C. oblonga from these two hosts and from harbor porpoises, Phocoena phocoena (L.), and from Dall's porpoises, Phocoenoides dalli (True), are compared, …

Enhancement Of Atp Levels And Glucose Metabolism During An Infection By Chlamydia: Nmr Studies Of Living Cells, David M. Ojcius, H. Degani, Joel Mispelter, Alice Dautry-Varsat

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The Chlamydia species are obligate intracellular bacteria that proliferate only within the infected cell. Since the extracellular bacteria are metabolically inert and there are no cell-free systems for characterizingChlamydia metabolism, we studied metabolic changes related to ATP synthesis and glycolysis in HeLa cells infected withChlamydia psittaci during the course of the 2-day infection cycle using noninvasive 31P and 13C NMR methods. We find that the infection stimulates ATP synthesis in the infected cell, with a peak of ATP levels occurring midway through the infection cycle, when most of the metabolically active bacteria are proliferating. The infection also stimulates synthesis of …

Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 1997 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Lisa M. Ragone Calvo, Eugene M. Burreson

Reports

No abstract provided.

In Memoriam: Tang Chung Chang (C. C. Tang), 1905-1993, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Obituary of Tang Chung Chang (C. C. Tang), 1905-1993.

Polyadenylation Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Mrna Dictates Efficient Transcription Termination At The Intercistronic Gene Junctions, Leroy N. Hwang, Nathan Englund, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The intercistronic gene junctions of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) contain conserved sequence elements that are important for polyadenylation and transcription termination of upstream transcript as well as reinitiation of transcription of downstream transcript. To examine the role of the putative polyadenylation signal 3' AUACU₇5' at the gene junctions in polyadenylation and transcription termination, we constructed plasmids encoding antigenomic minireplicons containing one or two transcription units. In plasmid-transfected cells, analyses of the bicistronic minireplicon containing the wild-type or mutant intercistronic gene junctions for the ability to direct synthesis of polyadenylated upstream, downstream, and readthrough mRNAs showed that the AUACU …

Comparisons Of Two Polymorphic Species Of Ostertagia And Phylogenetic Relationships Within The Ostertagiinae (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) Inferred From Ribosomal Dna Repeat And Mitochondrial Dna Sequences, Dante S. Zarlenga, Eric P. Hoberg, Frank Stringfellow, J. Ralph Lichtenfels

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The first internal transcribed spacer DNA (ITS-1) (rDNA) and the mitochondrial (mt) DNA-derived cytochrome oxidase I gene (COX-1) were enzymatically amplified, cloned and sequenced from 6 nominal species of Ostertagiinae as well as Haemonchus contortus and Haemonchus placei. The portion of the COX-1 gene analyzed was 393 base pairs (bp) in length and contained 33 within species polymorphic base changes at 28 synonymous sites. The ITS-1 rDNA consensus sequences ranged from 392 bp (Ostertagia ostertagi/Ostertagia lyrata, Teladorsagia circumcincta) to 404 bp (H. contortus, H. placei). These data were used both in …

The Parasite Fauna Of The Wreckfish, Polyprion Americanus, In The North Atlantic Ocean: Application To Host Biology And Stock Identification, Colleen Jill Fennessy

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

In Vitro Propagation Of Two Perkinsus Species From The Softshell Clam Mya Arenaria, Sm Mclaughlin, M Faisal

VIMS Articles

Two continuous, axenic cultures of Perkinsus spp. (H49 and G117)were obtained from the softshell clam Mya arenaria collected from Swan Point in the Chester River, Chesapeake Bay (Maryland).

Isolate H49 was obtained from the hemolymph of a heavily infected clam. Except for their larger size, H49 trophozoites and schizonts exhibited the characteristic morphology of Perkinsus marinus and divided by schizogony. Isolate G117 was obtained from a combined gill/palp sample of a moderately infected clam. Unlike H49, vegetative forms (trophozoites and schizonts) of G117 were present along with prezoosporulation stages in the same culture. In culture, G117 cells multiplied by both …

Revised List Of Type Specimens On Deposit In The University Of California Davis Nematode Collection, S. Patricia Stock, Steven A. Nadler

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The list of deposited type specimens is updated for the University of California Davis Nematode Collection, as recommended by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The type collection includes 1,001 species and more than 11,000 individual specimens mounted on microscope slides. This list can be used as a reference to locate specimens but is not meant to clarify ambiguities that may exist concerning the type status of particular specimens.

Metazoan Parasites And Other Symbionts Of Cetaceans In The Caribbean, Antonio A. Mignucci-Giannoni, Eric P. Hoberg, Doug Siegel-Causey, Ernest H. Williams Jr.

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The parasite fauna in cetaceans from Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the larger Caribbean region is poorly known. We provide the first records for parasite biodiversity among a diverse assemblage of cetaceans from the Caribbean Sea. Internal and external parasites and commensals were collected from stranded whales and dolphins salvaged in Puerto Rico, the United States and British Virgin Islands, Jamaica, and Venezuela between 1989 and 1997. A total of 47 individuals of 16 species of whales and dolphins (15 odontocetes and one mysticete) were examined. Overall, parasites and commensals were found in 34 (72.3%) animals, representing 13 species …

The Identification And Characteristics Of Echinoparyphium Rubrum (Cort, 1914) Comb. New (Trematoda, Echinostomatidae) Based On Experimental Evidence Of The Life Cycle, Ivan Kanev, Robert Sorensen, Mauritz Strerner, Rebecca Cole, Bernard Fried

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The life cycle of Echinoparyphium rubrum (Cort, 1914) comb. n. has been completed experimentally. All of the developmental stages - egg, miracidium, sporocyst, mother and daughter rediae, cercaria, metacercaria, and adult - were examined and described. The miracidia infected freshwater snails of the genus Physa, P. gyrina and P. occidentalis. Attempts to infect snails of the genera Lymnaea, L. auricularis, L. peregra. L. truncatula and Bulinus, B. truncatus failed. Cercariae infected various pulmonate and prosobranch freshwater snails, mussels, frogs, water turtles and planarians. The adults developed in the small intestine of birds and mammals. The identity and major characteristics of …

Human Dental Microwear Caused By Calcium Oxalate Phytoliths In Prehistoric Diet Of The Lower Pecos Region, Texas, Dennis Danielson, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Recent research demonstrates that silica phytoliths of dietary origin are associated with microwear of human teeth. Previous research has shown that severe enamel microwear and dental wear characterizes Archaic hunter-gatherers in the lower Pecos region of west Texas. Calcium oxalate crystals are especially common in Archaic coprolites. The vast majority are derived from prickly pear and agave, which were the dietary staples in west Texas for 6,000 years. The calcium oxalate phytoliths are harder than enamel. Therefore, calcium oxalate crystals are the most likely source of previously documented dental microwear and wear in the lower Pecos region.Am J Phys Anthropol …