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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Can Cover Crops Reduce Leafhopper Abundance In Vineyards?, Kent M. Daane, Michael J. Costello
Can Cover Crops Reduce Leafhopper Abundance In Vineyards?, Kent M. Daane, Michael J. Costello
Horticulture and Crop Science
In 3 of 4 vineyards we studied, late-season leafhopper density was lower on vines in cover cropped plots than in plots with no cover crops. However, the level of leafhopper reduction (about 15%) was rarely economically important and the mechanisms leading to reduction were not clear. For example, there were few differences in the number of leaf hopper predators or parasitoids on the vines in cover cropped versus no cover plots. However, there were significant between-treatment differences in vine growth. Plots with seasonwide maintenance of a cover crop and resident grasses had a reduction in vine vigor. Lower vine vigor …
The Biology Of Nonfrugivorous Tephritid Fruit Flies, David H. Headrick, Richard D. Goeden
The Biology Of Nonfrugivorous Tephritid Fruit Flies, David H. Headrick, Richard D. Goeden
Horticulture and Crop Science
This review is the first comprehensive treatment of the biology of nonfrugivorous fruit flies of the family Tephritidae. Feeding habits of destructive and useful species, morphology of immature stages, and hypotheses regarding structural homology and the evolutionary biology of nonfrugivorous tephritids are reviewed, including zoogeography and theories involving resource heterogeneity, guild structure, resource partitioning, resource utilization, facultative niche exploitation, extrinsic and intrinsic factors, host associations, seasonal distribution and phenology, aggregative and circumnatal life history strategies, voltinism, diapause, aestivation, oviposition site, clutch size, and supernumerary oviposition.
Influence Of Ground Cover On Spider Populations In A Table Grape Vineyard, Michael J. Costello, Kent M. Daane
Influence Of Ground Cover On Spider Populations In A Table Grape Vineyard, Michael J. Costello, Kent M. Daane
Horticulture and Crop Science
1. Cover crops and/or resident ground vegetation have been used in California vineyards to increase the number of predators and decrease the number of pestiferous herbivores. The most common resident predators in vineyards are spiders (Araneae). Several observational studies suggest that the addition of cover crops results in an increase in spider density and a decrease in insect pest densities. 2. To test experimentally the effects of cover crops and/or resident ground vegetation (hereafter collectively referred to as ground cover) on spider populations, a 3-year study was undertaken in a commercial vineyard. Large, replicated plots were established with and without …