Life Sciences Commons^™

Ec06-155 Nutrient Management For Agronomic Crops In Nebraska, Richard B. Ferguson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Nebraska is blessed with fertile soil and vast supplies of groundwater which combine to create an environment well-suited to the production of corn, wheat, grain sorghum, alfalfa, edible beans, and other agronomic crops used for human or animal consumption.

This manual is a guide to nutrient use from all sources for the production of Nebraska's major agronomic crops: corn, winter wheat, grain sorghum, oats, alfalfa, dry edible beans, soybean, sugar beets, popcorn, sunflower, millet, potatoes, and cool and warm season grasses for hay and pasture. Part I of the manual contains information focusing on basic principles of soil fertility for …

2006 Beef Report Summaries, James Gosey

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Reports on recent beef research are briefly summarized in this publication. Summaries of the research featured in the 2006 Beef Report appear here. Topics include cow-calf, growing, finishing and beef products.

G03-1504 Lime Use For Soil Acidity Management, Martha Mamo, Charles S. Wortmann, Charles A. Shapiro

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Soil acidity can reduce crop production by directly affecting roots and changing the availability of essential nutrients and toxic elements. Liming can neutralize soil acidity, but several factors can affect the economic benefits of liming. With continuous cropping, soil pH can decrease (i.e., increase in acidity) because of various factors, including crop removal and leaching of basic cations, application of ammoniabased nitrogen fertilizers, and organic matter decomposition. Adding lime or other materials can raise soil pH to the ideal range for crop production, create an environment for a healthy function of microbes, and increase the levels of calcium or magnesium …

Nf03-580 Upper Safe Levels Of Intake For Adults: Vitamins, Macrominerals, And Trace Minerals, Judy A. Driskell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Our bodies need vitamins and essential minerals; however, if taken in large amounts, they can adversely affect our health. In fact, large amounts of many of the vitamins and minerals can be toxic.

This NebFact discusses the nutritional status, dietary reference intakes, nutrient toxicity, and tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) of vitamins and essential macro- and trace minerals for adults.

Nf02-507 Manure Testing: What To Request?, Charles A. Shapiro, Charles S. Wortmann, Richard Deloughery

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Manure testing is necessary to make optimum use of manure while protecting water resources. The tests most frequently needed to optimize nutrient management are total and ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH, soluble salts, sodium, and dry matter content. This NebFact is a guide to providing information on a Manure Sample Sub­mission Form for reliable interpretation of results.

G02-1466 Determining The Need To Fertilize Landscape Trees And Shrubs (Revised March 2004), Scott J. Dewald, Steven D. Rasmussen, Charles A. Shapiro, Scott J. Josiah

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Most Nebraska soils are fertile enough to support tree and shrub growth without applying fertilizer. However, when woody plants exhibit poor growth or reduced vigor, yet have had adequate moisture and are not experiencing pest problems or other environmental limitations, the proper applicatin of fertilizer may be necessary. This NebGuide explains how to determine if fertilization of established trees and shrubs is required and how to apply the needed amount.

Nf507 Manure Testing: What To Request?, Charles Shapiro, Charles S. Wortmann, Richard Deloughery

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Manure testing is necessary to make optimum use of manure while protecting water resources. This NebFact is a guide to providing information on a Manure Sample Submission Form for reliable interpretation of results.

G99-1390 Altering Swine Manure By Diet Modification, Duane Reese, Richard K. Koelsch

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide explores options for altering the nitrogen and phosphorus content of swine manure.

There are situations in which it is necessary to change the nutrient content and/or the odor-producing potential of swine manure in order for pork production to thrive. For example, current Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality (NDEQ) permit procedures for livestock facilities require producers to document that sufficient land is available for crop use of the nitrogen (N) in manure. If sufficient land is not available for managing nutrients in manure, producers can alter the nitrogen and phosphorus content of swine manure by modifying the pig's diet. …

G98-1370 Abandonment Planning For Earthen Manure Storages, Holding Ponds And Anaerobic Lagoons, Richard K. Koelsch

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The purpose of this NebGuide is to define some critical issues to be addressed by an abandonment plan of an earthen manure storage, anaerobic lagoon or runoff holding pond.

A Nebraska construction permit for a Livestock Waste Control Facility (LWCF) requires a written plan defining possible abandonment procedures in the event the operation (and associated LWCF) is discontinued. The plan must be approved by the Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality (NDEQ) prior to permit issuance.

Ncr96-235 Feeding Ewes, Leon F. Bush, James Thompson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Proper feeding and year-roundmanagement of ewes are essential toprofitable sheep production. Feed forthe ewes can be 60 to 80% of the totalproduction costs of the sheepenterprise. Either excessive orinadequate nutrition is expensive. Toavoid these costly extremes you mustknow something of the nutritiverequirements of the ewe throughout theyear. That knowledge may make thedifference between profit and loss inyour operation.

Nf96-281 Soil Fertility Considerations For Land Coming Out Of Crp, Charles A. Shapiro, Gary W. Hergert, Melinda Mcvey Mccluskey

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses soil nutrients and fertility for CRP farmland.

G96-1306 Feeding Dairy Cows To Reduce Nitrogen, Phosphorus, And Potassium Excretion Into The Environment, Rick J. Grant

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses feeding strategies to optimize dairy cow performance while minimizing negative environmental impacts.

Reducing N, P and K Excretion--The Challenge

Increasingly, our society demands livestock production systems that not only produce economic, high-quality food products, but also minimize negative environmental impacts. Feeding management has improved continuously and helps explain increases in milk production averages. The future challenge for dairy producers and nutritionists will be to properly formulate rations for high production levels while simultaneously minimizing the environmental impact of excessive N, P and K excretion in the urine and manure. A realistic approach will be to keep formulation …

Ec95-141 Nebraska's Manure Resource, D. H. Sander, J.E. Power, B. Eghball

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Manure is a valuable resource that is sometimes perceived as a liability. For centuries, manure has provided needed nutrients which increased and stabilized food production. With the advent of inorganic chemical fertilizers, the value of manure as a nutrient source decreased because hauling and spreading costs were higher than the cost of chemical feritlizers. In addition, the water content of manure is high and even when the water is removed, its nutrient content is low compared to chemical fertilizers. Therefore, manure has often been viewed in American agriculture as a "waste" to be disposed of rather than a resource to …

G90-945 A Gardener's Guide For Soil And Nutrient Management In Growing Vegetables, E.J. Penas, Dale T. Lindgren

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

How to manage soil and nutrients when growing vegetables is discussed here, as is soil testing, soil pH, organic matter, and the use of commercial fertilizers.

Using fertilizers as nutrient sources in growing vegetables is one cultural practice that can improve production if done correctly. This means using the right fertilizer material, applying it at the correct rate and time, and using the proper method of application.

Fertilizer needs for vegetables depend on the kind of vegetable grown, chemical properties of the soil, previous cropping history, and adequate water for plant growth. Guidelines here are based on soil chemical properties …

G90-978 Byproduct Feedstuffs For Beef And Dairy Cattle, Don J. Kubik, Rick Stock

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide details the type of byproduct feedstuffs available for beef and dairy cattle, a description of their characteristics and discussion of their nutrient value. Byproduct feeds have become a stabilizing factor in the economic success of many beef and dairy operations. Byproduct feeds are the residue that remains after feeds have been processed. The processing of soybeans into soybean meal results in a large supply of soybean hulls. Processing corn into high fructose syrup provides corn gluten feed and corn bran. Converting corn starch into ethanol provides distillers grains. Hominy, a byproduct of processing corn starch for human consumption, …

G89-924 Fertilizing Proso Millet (Revised December 2002), Jurg M. Blumenthal, David D. Baltensperger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Soil testing and fertilization of proso millet with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients is discussed. Management practices that provide an adequate, but not excessive, supply of plant nutrients are essential for top yields of proso millet in the High Plains.

G88-889 How To Apply Fertilizer To Wheat, D.N. Sander

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Application time, forms of fertilizer and methods of application must be considered when applying fertilizer to wheat.

Several different methods can be used to apply fertilizers to wheat, depending on the form of fertilizer material. Producers must consider application time and method as well as the most economical forms of fertilizer and the most efficient methods of application.

Fertilizers are sold in three forms -- liquid, dry and gas. The effectiveness of the forms is essentially the same as long as the same amount of available nutrient is properly applied. The form of fertilizer may dictate the method of application.

G87-859 Fertilizer Recommendations For Soybean (Revised August 2006), Richard B. Ferguson, Charles A. Shapiro, Achim R. Dobermann, Charles S. Wortmann

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Soybean production in Nebraska has expanded significantly over the past twenty years and is second only to corn in area planted, at almost five million acres. In general, the fertilizer requirements for soybean are typically less than for other crops such as corn, sorghum, and wheat. This guide provides recommendations on how to manage soil fertility with fertilizer and lime applications to optimize the profitability of soybean production.

G87-833 Culture Of Iris, Don Steinegger, Anne Streich

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Iris culture emphasizes the best in site selection, planting, winter care and protection, and control of insects and diseases.

The iris is one of the most popular and beautiful of the garden flowers. With the range in plant type, size, and adaption, there is an iris for almost any location.

More than 200 species of iris have been found in the wild. From these species thousands of varieties have been named and made available. Plant size ranges from about 6 inches in the miniatures to more than 3 feet in the large types. Flowers can be 1 or 2 inches …

G81-543 Establishing Dryland Forage Grasses, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Preparation, seed selection, seedbed preparation, fertilization, methods of seeding, time and rate of seeding, weed control and more are covered in this NebGuide.

Grass pastures provide more total nutrients to the cattle and sheep industry in Nebraska than any other feedstuff. However, many areas often face a shortage of pasture during certain seasons of the year.

In eastern Nebraska abundant cool-season pasture usually is available during spring and fail, but during July and August there is little or no grass growth. Conversely, warm-season native range provides much forage during summer in central and western Nebraska, but not in spring and …

G79-430 Oat Production In Nebraska (Revised March 1992), Russell Moomaw, Charles A. Shapiro

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Information is provided for various oat production practices including seed selection, fertilizing, planting, weed control and harvest. Oats were among the first crops grown by pioneers who settled eastern Nebraska. As recently as 1950, Nebraska produced 2.7 million acres of oats. Acreage has declined steadily, however, and in 1990 there were just 300,000 acres. Oats are grown throughout the state, with the majority being in eastern Nebraska where the cool, moist climate provides for the best growth. The feed value of oats also favors its production in northeast Nebraska where swine, dairy cattle, and beef cattle production are heavy. An …

G79-465 Urinary Calculi (Waterbelly) In Cattle And Sheep, Ivan G. Rush, Dale Grotelueschen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication discusses the symptoms, management and treatment of various types of urinary calculi diseases in cattle and sheep.

The term "urinary calculi" refers to deposits in the urinary tract. These deposits may block the flow of urine, particularly in male cattle and sheep. Prolonged blockage generally results in rupture of the urinary bladder or urethra, releasing urine into the surrounding tissues. This produces the condition commonly referred to as "waterbelly."

Two types of urinary calculi, both mineral in nature, predominate in cattle and sheep: (1) the phosphatic type formed principally under feedlot conditions and (2) the siliceous type occurring …

G78-398 Irrigated Small Grain Production, Philip Grabouski, Walter Trimmer, Louis Daigger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Excellent management practices for irrigated small grains are necessary to obtain high yields. What varieties should I use? How should the seedbed be prepared? What row spacing is best? What plant nutrients are needed? How much fertilizer should I use? When should I apply the fertilizer? What is the water intake rate of my soil? How much will it hold? When is the best time to irrigate? These are some of the questions in the mind of the irrigated small grain producer and are answered in this NebGuide.

G77-360 Balancing Corn Silage Dairy Rations, Foster G. Owen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The grain required to balance a ration high in corn silage is much different from the grain needed when feeding high amounts of alfalfa hay. The most common problem is failure to properly balance for protein and calcium. This NebGuide discusses the points to take into account in balancing rations high in corn silage.

G77-350 Mineral Nutrition Of Range Beef Cattle, Marvin W. Heeney

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Minerals play a very important role in the well-being of the range beef herd. Minerals are essential for practically all of the metabolic functions of the beef animals. Minerals are classified as 1) major and 2) minor or trace. The major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chlorine and sulfur. The trace minerals include copper, cobalt, iodine, iron, manganese and zinc.

Each mineral is discussed here in terms of its function, deficiency symptoms and availability in the range beef cattle diet.

G76-324 Limiting Feed Intake With Salt, T.D. Rich, Steve Armbruster, D.R. Gill

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Cattlemen are aware of the impact high cost labor has on profit; thus, management procedures which reduce labor requirements are important. One management tool frequently used is regulating feed intake with salt.

In addition, self-feeding supplements tend to allow timid, slow-eating cows to get their share and it is an easy method of providing Vitamin A, phosphorus and other feed additives. However, there are disadvantages to feeding salt-concentrate mixes. Salt is not a precise regulator of intake since certain individuals will tolerate more salt than others and abundant water is essential.

Daily salt requirement for mature cattle is less than …

G74-174 Fertilizer Suggestions For Corn (Revised July 1995), Gary W. Hergert, Charles A. Shapiro, Richard B. Ferguson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Fertilizer nutrient requirements for corn are based on expected yield and nutrient levels in the soil. Nitrogen is the nutrient most often required for growing corn. Nearly all corn in Nebraska will need some nitrogen fertilizer unless there is substantial nitrogen in the soil from sources. Phorphorus is the second nutrient most likely to be needed, and needs are best determined with a reliable soil test. Potassium, sulfur, zinc, and iron fertilizer may be needed for growing corn on certain soils. Crop needs for calcium, magnesium, boron, chlorine, copper, manganese, and molybdenum are adequately supplied by Nebraska soils.

G73-2 Fertilizer Management For Alfalfa (Revised August 1977), Delno Knudsen, George Rehm

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Adequate soil fertility is necessary for alfalfa production on both dryland and irrigated soils of Nebraska. With adequate, but not excessive fertilizer programs, irrigated alfalfa should produce 6 to 8 tons per acre. Dryland alfalfa on the same soils should, on the average, produce 2 to 3 tons per acre.

This NebGuide covers the following areas for fertilizer management for alfalfa: soil and water tests, lime, fertilizer for establishment, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, micronutrients, nitrogen recommendations and special problems.

Ec31-133 The Management Of Nebraska Soils (Revised March 1936), P.H. Stewart, D.L. Gross

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The agricultural lands of this country are its greatest natural resource. History points out that nations with vast areas of good farm land are most likely to prosper and survive over long periods of time. Local communities, too, prosper and flourish in proportion to the productiveness of the surrounding land. Schools, social life, and business develop best in areas where the land is productive and properly managed and conserved.

Nebraska, in common with other states, has suffered by the depletion of soil fertility. The reduction in acres in legumes and grasses, and the deplation of the organic matter in the …