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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
What Is The Storage Effect, Why Should It Occur In Cancers, And How Can It Inform Cancer Therapy?, Anna K. Miller, Joel S. Brown, David Basanta, Nancy Huntly
What Is The Storage Effect, Why Should It Occur In Cancers, And How Can It Inform Cancer Therapy?, Anna K. Miller, Joel S. Brown, David Basanta, Nancy Huntly
Ecology Center Publications
Intratumor heterogeneity is a feature of cancer that is associated with progression, treatment resistance, and recurrence. However, the mechanisms that allow diverse cancer cell lineages to coexist remain poorly understood. The storage effect is a coexistence mechanism that has been proposed to explain the diversity of a variety of ecological communities, including coral reef fish, plankton, and desert annual plants. Three ingredients are required for there to be a storage effect: (1) temporal variability in the environment, (2) buffered population growth, and (3) species-specific environmental responses. In this article, we argue that these conditions are observed in cancers and that …
Habitat Segregation Between Brown Bears And Gray Wolves In A Human-Dominated Landscape, Cyril Milleret, Andrés Ordiz, Guillaume Chapron, Harry Peter Andreassen, Jonas Kindberg, Johan Månsson, Aimee Tallian, Petter Wabakken, Camilla Wikenros, Barbara Zimmermann, Jon E. Swenson, Håkan Sand
Habitat Segregation Between Brown Bears And Gray Wolves In A Human-Dominated Landscape, Cyril Milleret, Andrés Ordiz, Guillaume Chapron, Harry Peter Andreassen, Jonas Kindberg, Johan Månsson, Aimee Tallian, Petter Wabakken, Camilla Wikenros, Barbara Zimmermann, Jon E. Swenson, Håkan Sand
Ecology Center Publications
Identifying how sympatric species belonging to the same guild coexist is a major question of community ecology and conservation. Habitat segregation between two species might help reduce the effects of interspecific competition and apex predators are of special interest in this context, because their interactions can have consequences for lower trophic levels. However, habitat segregation between sympatric large carnivores has seldom been studied. Based on monitoring of 53 brown bears (Ursus arctos) and seven sympatric adult gray wolves (Canis lupus) equipped with GPS collars in Sweden, we analyzed the degree of interspecific segregation in habitat selection …
An Expanded Modern Coexistence Theory For Empirical Applications, Stephen P. Ellner, Robin E. Snyder, Peter B. Adler, Giles J. Hooker
An Expanded Modern Coexistence Theory For Empirical Applications, Stephen P. Ellner, Robin E. Snyder, Peter B. Adler, Giles J. Hooker
Ecology Center Publications
Understanding long‐term coexistence of numerous competing species is a longstanding challenge in ecology. Progress requires determining which processes and species differences are most important for coexistence when multiple processes operate and species differ in many ways. Modern coexistence theory (MCT), formalized by Chesson, holds out the promise of doing that, but empirical applications remain scarce. We argue that MCT's mathematical complexity and subtlety have obscured the simplicity and power of its underlying ideas and hindered applications. We present a general computational approach that extends our previous solution for the storage effect to all of standard MCT's spatial and temporal coexistence …
Weak Interspecific Interactions In A Sagebrush Steppe? Conflicting Evidence From Observations And Experiments, Peter B. Adler, Andrew R. Kleinhesselink, Giles Hooker, Joshua B. Taylor, Brittany J. Teller, Stephen P. Ellner
Weak Interspecific Interactions In A Sagebrush Steppe? Conflicting Evidence From Observations And Experiments, Peter B. Adler, Andrew R. Kleinhesselink, Giles Hooker, Joshua B. Taylor, Brittany J. Teller, Stephen P. Ellner
Wildland Resources Faculty Publications
Stable coexistence requires intraspecific limitations to be stronger than interspecific limitations. The greater the difference between intra‐ and interspecific limitations, the more stable the coexistence, and the weaker the competitive release any species should experience following removal of competitors. We conducted a removal experiment to test whether a previously estimated model, showing surprisingly weak interspecific competition for four dominant species in a sagebrush steppe, accurately predicts competitive release. Our treatments were (1) removal of all perennial grasses and (2) removal of the dominant shrub, Artemisia tripartita. We regressed survival, growth, and recruitment on the locations, sizes, and species identities …
Using Plant-Soil Feedbacks To Predict Plant Biomass In Diverse Communities, Andrew Kulmatiski, Karen H. Beard, Josephine Grenzer, Leslie E. Forero, Justin Heavilin
Using Plant-Soil Feedbacks To Predict Plant Biomass In Diverse Communities, Andrew Kulmatiski, Karen H. Beard, Josephine Grenzer, Leslie E. Forero, Justin Heavilin
Wildland Resources Faculty Publications
It has become clear that plants can create soils that affect subsequent plant growth. However, because plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) are typically measured in monoculture experiments, it remains unclear to what extent PSFs affect plant growth in communities. Here we used data from a factorial PSF experiment to predict the biomass of 12 species grown in 162 plant community combinations. Five different plant growth models were parameterized with either monoculture biomass data (Null) or with PSF data (PSF) and model predictions were compared to plant growth observed in communities. For each of the five models, PSF model predictions were closer to …