Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Wildlife and Fisheries Ecology and Managment (7)
- Control (3)
- Human–wildlife conflicts (3)
- Adaptive management (2)
- Brown tree snake (2)
-
- Cormorant (2)
- Cormorants (2)
- Guam (2)
- Invasive Species (2)
- Invasive species (2)
- Irrigation (2)
- Phalacrocorax auritus (2)
- Population control (2)
- Predation (2)
- Reproductive control (2)
- Satellite telemetry (2)
- Acetaminophen (1)
- Aerial (1)
- Aiptasia (1)
- Aquaculture (1)
- Baiting (1)
- Band analysis (1)
- Batu caves (1)
- Bio-fertiliser (1)
- Birds (1)
- Boiga irregularis (1)
- By-products (1)
- Canada goose (1)
- Capillary (1)
- Capture (1)
- Publication
- File Type
Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Buried Clay Pipe Irrigation, David A. Bainbridge
Buried Clay Pipe Irrigation, David A. Bainbridge
David A Bainbridge
The buried clay pipe method of irrigation is one of the most efficient systems known and is ideal for gardeners and small farmers. Buried clay pipe irrigation uses a buried, unglazed clay pipe filled with water to provide controlled irrigation to plants as the water seeps out through the clay wall at a rate that is influenced by the plant's water use. It has been used for more than one hundred years.This auto-regulation leads to very high efficiency--considerably better than drip irrigation and many times better than conventional surface irrigation. This also reduces weeds, increases yields, and can speed maturity …
Evidence That Glucose Is The Major Transferred Metabolite In Dinoflagellate–Cnidarian Symbiosis, Matthew S. Burriesci, Ted K. Raab, John R. Pringle
Evidence That Glucose Is The Major Transferred Metabolite In Dinoflagellate–Cnidarian Symbiosis, Matthew S. Burriesci, Ted K. Raab, John R. Pringle
Ted K. Raab
Reef-building corals and many other cnidarians are symbiotic with dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium. It has long been known that the endosymbiotic algae transfer much of their photosynthetically fixed carbon to the host and that this can provide much of the hostʼs total energy. However, it has remained unclear which metabolite(s) are directly translocated from the algae into the host tissue. We reexamined this question in the small sea anemone Aiptasia using labeling of intact animals in the light with 13C-bicarbonate, rapid homogenization and separation of animal and algal fractions, and analysis of metabolite labeling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We …
Libraries At The University Of Massachusetts Amherst: Seeking An International Perspective, Maxine G. Schmidt
Libraries At The University Of Massachusetts Amherst: Seeking An International Perspective, Maxine G. Schmidt
Maxine G Schmidt
Presentation delivered to librarians in China, Japan and South Korea as part of my sabbatical research on the use of libraries by Asian students in their home countries.
Recovery Of Sensitive Watersheds In The Northeastern United States From Chronic Acidification: The Role Of Soil Chemistry, Chris E. Johnson
Recovery Of Sensitive Watersheds In The Northeastern United States From Chronic Acidification: The Role Of Soil Chemistry, Chris E. Johnson
Chris E Johnson
No abstract provided.
Double-Crested Cormorant Distribution On Catfish Aquaculture In The Yazoo River Basin Of Mississippi, Brian S. Dorr, Loren W. Burger, Scott C. Barras, Kristina Casscles Godwin
Double-Crested Cormorant Distribution On Catfish Aquaculture In The Yazoo River Basin Of Mississippi, Brian S. Dorr, Loren W. Burger, Scott C. Barras, Kristina Casscles Godwin
Brian S Dorr
No abstract provided.
Fauna Reported From Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia: Annotated Checklist And Bibliography., Max Moseley, Teck Wyn Lim, Tze Tshen Lim
Fauna Reported From Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia: Annotated Checklist And Bibliography., Max Moseley, Teck Wyn Lim, Tze Tshen Lim
Max Moseley
The Batu caves are the only caves in the Malay Peninsula that are well investigated zoologically, and they are the most thoroughly sampled anywhere in Southeast Asia. However, the records have not been collated to provide a comprehensive overview of the fauna present. This issue is addressed here by presenting an authoritative checklist of all reported zoological taxa, together with ecological annotations and a comprehensive bibliography.
Health Effects Of Trihalomethanes As Chlorinated Disinfection By Products: A Review Article, Mohammad Reza Mohammad Shafiee, Lobat Taghavi
Health Effects Of Trihalomethanes As Chlorinated Disinfection By Products: A Review Article, Mohammad Reza Mohammad Shafiee, Lobat Taghavi
Mohammad Reza Mohammad Shafiee
Trihalomethanes (THMs) were among the first disinfection byproducts to be discovered in chlorinated water. The substances form during a reaction between chlorine and organic matter in the water. Trihalomethanes are suspected to have negative effects on birth such as, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation in term births, as well as gestational age and preterm delivery. There are also some evidences showing these by-products to be mutagenic and carcinogenic, the greatest amount of evidence being related to the bladder cancer. However, there exist inconsistencies regarding such effects of THMs as different studies have provided different results in this regard. The …
Evaluation Of The Effects Of September Hunting Seasons On Canada Geese In Nebraska, Scott R. Groepper Mr., Mark P. Vrtiska, Larkin A. Powell, Scott E. Hygnstrom
Evaluation Of The Effects Of September Hunting Seasons On Canada Geese In Nebraska, Scott R. Groepper Mr., Mark P. Vrtiska, Larkin A. Powell, Scott E. Hygnstrom
Scott R Groepper
ABSTRACT Populations of temperate-nesting Canada geese (Branta canadensis) have increased in Nebraska, USA, resulting in an increased number of nuisance and damage complaints. September hunting seasons were initiated in southeastern Nebraska in 2004 to reduce populations of Canada geese. We analyzed band recoveries from Canada geese banded in southeastern Nebraska during their hatch-year (HY) or after hatch-year (AHY) to determine whether September hunting seasons affected survival, harvest, and recovery rates. Survival analyses revealed that HY geese had higher survival than AHY geese (SAHY = 0.696, 95% CI = 0.679–0.713; SHY = 0.896, 95% CI = 0.786–0.953) and September seasons did …
Wick Irrigation, David A. Bainbridge
Wick Irrigation, David A. Bainbridge
David A Bainbridge
Wick irrigation offers the potential for very low cost, robust microirrigation in difficult environments. Wick irrigation was first used in India in combination with buried clay pot irrigation. It has proven itself in the most severe desert conditions.
Straw Bale Building, David A. Bainbridge
Straw Bale Building, David A. Bainbridge
David A Bainbridge
Straw bale building offers many advantages, high insulation value, thermal mass of interior plaster, resistance to fire, and low embodied resource cost. Super-insulation becomes possible at affordable prices with straw bales. Used with great success for both residential and commercial building projects.
True Cost Accounting For A Post-Autistic Economy, David A. Bainbridge
True Cost Accounting For A Post-Autistic Economy, David A. Bainbridge
David A Bainbridge
True cost accounting attempts to include the full cost of products and services in economic consideration. This brings what are often categorized as "external costs" into pricing. The failure to include these social and environmental costs has led to many of our worst crises -- from global climate change to ill health and resource depletion.
L’Essor Et Le Déclin De L’Occident: Une Perspective Géographique (The Rise And Fall Of The West: A Geographical Perspective), Nicole Andréa Mathys, Jean-Marie Grether, Claude Lutzelschwab
L’Essor Et Le Déclin De L’Occident: Une Perspective Géographique (The Rise And Fall Of The West: A Geographical Perspective), Nicole Andréa Mathys, Jean-Marie Grether, Claude Lutzelschwab
Nicole Andréa Mathys
This paper proposes a new representation of the worldwide distribution of human population and economic activity over two millennia. Combining the Maddison and the G-Econ databases, it tracks the evolution of the world’s demographic and economic centers of gravity during the 1-2010 period. The distributional and temporal patterns that emerge are clear and contrasted, with a stable East- Asian predominance during the first eighteen centuries, followed by a boomerang-like westward shift during the last two centuries. New turning points are identified, suggesting that the reversal of the Western shift occurred as early as the 1920s in demographic terms and in …
Waste Recycling: Feasibility Of Saw Dust Based Spent Mushroom Substrate And Goat Manure In Vermicomposting, Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin, Noor Zalina Mahmood, Noorlidah Abdullah
Waste Recycling: Feasibility Of Saw Dust Based Spent Mushroom Substrate And Goat Manure In Vermicomposting, Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin, Noor Zalina Mahmood, Noorlidah Abdullah
Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin
Vermicomposting for 140 days by using Lumbricus rubellus was conducted after 21 days of natural pre-composting. Five treatments in different ratio of goat manure: spent mushroom substrate were prepared as feed materials with four replicates for each treatment namely; 20:80 (TA), 40:60 (TB), 50:50 (TC), 60:40 (TD) and 80:20 (TE). As for control, each treatment without earthworm was prepared. On the basis of nutrient elements, goat manure and spent mushroom substrate can be decomposed through both methods of vermicomposting and natural composting. Findings of this study indicated that the higher usage of goat manure with longer duration resulted in the …
Efficacy Of Aerial Broadcast Baiting In Reducing, Larry Clark
Efficacy Of Aerial Broadcast Baiting In Reducing, Larry Clark
Larry Clark
The brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) is an invasive predator that was introduced on Guam as a stowaway in cargo after World War II. Since then, the population has exploded, attaining 50 to 100 snakes per ha in some areas. The snake has caused the extirpation of ten of the 12 native forest bird species on Guam. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, has a program to deter the spread of snakes from Guam to other islands. Hand capture from fences, trapping, toxic bait stations, and canine inspection of outbound cargo methods are used in the control program in various …
Efficacy, Effort, And Cost Comparisons Of Trapping, Larry Clark
Efficacy, Effort, And Cost Comparisons Of Trapping, Larry Clark
Larry Clark
Brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) are an invasive species to the island of Guam. Because they have extirpated the native forest avifauna on Guam and are a threat to other Pacifi c islands, the development of effi cient and cost-effective methods to control them is desired. We compared the effi cacy, cost, and effort required to remove brown treesnakes on 6-ha plots in forest scrub on Guam, using 2 methods: trapping and poison baiting. Toxic baits consisted of dead neonatal mice adulterated with 80-mg acetaminophen. To assess effi cacy, we used mark-recapture methods to estimate snake abundance on plots 12 days …
Life Cycle Assessment For Solid Waste Disposal Options In Malaysia, Noor Zalina Binti Mahmood
Life Cycle Assessment For Solid Waste Disposal Options In Malaysia, Noor Zalina Binti Mahmood
Noor Zalina Binti Mahmood
The largest percentage of MSW in Malaysia is contributed by the state of Selangor, with a 3,923 tons generated daily. Therefore, the aim of this study is to consider the current condition of the open dumps and sanitary landfills in Selangor from an environmental point of view. Moreover, the local authorities of Malaysia prefer to use landfills that have no liners, biogas capture, and many others as a method of getting rid of collected waste. In Malaysia, this is the first time life cycle assessment (LCA) is being used. In this study, LCA is used to weigh up different treatment …
Bioconversion Of Biomass Residue From The Cultivation Of Pea Sprouts On Spent Pleurotus Sajor-Caju Compost Employing Lumbricus Rubellus, Noor Zalina Binti Mahmood
Bioconversion Of Biomass Residue From The Cultivation Of Pea Sprouts On Spent Pleurotus Sajor-Caju Compost Employing Lumbricus Rubellus, Noor Zalina Binti Mahmood
Noor Zalina Binti Mahmood
Vermicomposting is a green technology for the purpose of nutrient enrichment from a variety of organic waste products. In this study, saw dust-based spent mushroom compost (SMC), an organic waste and biomass residue, was used as a medium for the cultivation of pea sprouts. After harvesting the pea sprouts, the growth medium was reused to culture earthworms, Lumbricus rubellus. The culturing activity was conducted for 50 days without any pre-composting or thermocomposting. Thus duration of vermicomposting process was shortened as opposed to previous work on vermicomposting of saw dust-based SMC (no amendment) for 70 days. The culturing treatments were conducted …
Water Table Height And Microtopography Control Biogeochemical Cycling In An Arctic Coastal Tundra Ecosystem, David A. Lipson, Donatella Zona, Ted K. Raab, Francis Bozzolo, Marguerite Mauritz, Walter C. Oechel
Water Table Height And Microtopography Control Biogeochemical Cycling In An Arctic Coastal Tundra Ecosystem, David A. Lipson, Donatella Zona, Ted K. Raab, Francis Bozzolo, Marguerite Mauritz, Walter C. Oechel
Ted K. Raab
Drained thaw lake basins (DTLB’s) are the dominant land form of the Arctic Coastal Plain in northern Alaska. The presence of continuous permafrost prevents drainage and so water tables generally remain close to the soil surface, creating saturated, suboxic soil conditions. However, ice wedge polygons produce microtopographic variation in these landscapes, with raised areas such as polygon rims creating more oxic microenvironments. The peat soils in this ecosystem store large amounts of organic carbon which is vulnerable to loss as arctic regions continue to rapidly warm, and so there is great motivation to understand the controls over microbial activity in …
Efficacy, Effort, And Cost Comparisons Of Trapping And Acetaminophen-Baiting For Control Of Brown Treesnakes On Guam, Larry Clark, Peter J. Savarie, John A. Shivik, Stewart W. Breck, Brian S. Dorr
Efficacy, Effort, And Cost Comparisons Of Trapping And Acetaminophen-Baiting For Control Of Brown Treesnakes On Guam, Larry Clark, Peter J. Savarie, John A. Shivik, Stewart W. Breck, Brian S. Dorr
Brian S Dorr
Abstract: Brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) are an invasive species to the island of Guam. Because they have extirpated the native forest avifauna on Guam and are a threat to other Pacific islands, the development of efficient and cost-effective methods to control them is desired. We compared the efficacy, cost, and effort required to remove brown treesnakes on 6-ha plots in forest scrub on Guam, using 2 methods: trapping and poison baiting. Toxic baits consisted of dead neonatal mice adulterated with 80-mg acetaminophen. To assess efficacy, we used mark-recapture methods to estimate snake abundance on plots 12 days before and 12 …
The Direction Of Research And Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants Heading Into The 2000s: Symposium Overview And Future Information Needs, Brian S. Dorr, Christopher Somers
The Direction Of Research And Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants Heading Into The 2000s: Symposium Overview And Future Information Needs, Brian S. Dorr, Christopher Somers
Brian S Dorr
Abstract.—An overview is provided of a symposium on the direction of research and management of Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) heading into the 2000s. The current symposium built on previous efforts and described a number of focus areas of informational need, including cormorant impacts on natural resources, demographics of cormorants, assessment of control efforts, assessment of fish consumption and bioenergetics, and cormorant spatial ecology and influences on movements. The cormorant symposium highlighted a shift in research focus relative to earlier symposia, from evaluating potential impacts on commercial and natural resources to evaluating management actions in attaining desired goals. In addition, the …
Modification Of Net Configurations Of The Coda Netlauncher© To Enhance Bird Capture, Amanda M. Prisock, Brian S. Dorr, James C. Cumbee
Modification Of Net Configurations Of The Coda Netlauncher© To Enhance Bird Capture, Amanda M. Prisock, Brian S. Dorr, James C. Cumbee
Brian S Dorr
Abstract: We modified and evaluated capture nets fi red from the Coda Netlauncher® as a tool for capturing various avian species. We modified the netlauncher by using customized nets to maximize the area of the capture zone. We captured 137 birds, comprising 12 species, in 23 attempts between July 2008 and October 2009 using this method. Capture success rates varied from 25 to 69% were comparable to success rates reported for other capture methods for these species. However, individual capture success for different net configurations varied greatly from 3 to 65%. Minimal injuries and 2 bird fatalities were reported. The …
Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants To Improve Sport Fisheries In Michigan: Three Case Studies, Brian S. Dorr, Shauna L. Hanisch, Peter H. Butchko, David G. Fielder
Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants To Improve Sport Fisheries In Michigan: Three Case Studies, Brian S. Dorr, Shauna L. Hanisch, Peter H. Butchko, David G. Fielder
Brian S Dorr
No abstract provided.
Towards Optimized Population Control Efficiency In Space And Time: A Modelling Framework Adapted To A Colonial Waterbird, Alban Guillaumet, Brian S. Dorr, Guiming Wang
Towards Optimized Population Control Efficiency In Space And Time: A Modelling Framework Adapted To A Colonial Waterbird, Alban Guillaumet, Brian S. Dorr, Guiming Wang
Brian S Dorr
The double-crested cormorant is a native North American waterbird that recently underwent a dramatic population expansion. Population control efforts in the USA and Canada attempt to mitigate cormorant damages to natural resources and aquaculture. However, there is currently no coordination among the various stakeholders involved in management activities as well as no attempt to optimize population control efficiency. In this paper, we present for the first time a spatially explicit stage-structured metapopulation model parameterized for the cormorant. We developed simulation tools to get insights into the efficiency gain that can be expected from a better planning of management activities in …
Summer And Migrational Movements Of Satellite-Marked Double-Crested Cormorants From A Breeding Colony Managed By Egg-Oiling In Lake Ontario, Usa, Brian S. Dorr, Jimmy D. Taylor Ii, Scott J. Werner, D. Tommy King, James F. Farquhar, Irene M. Mazzocchi, Russell D. Mccullough
Summer And Migrational Movements Of Satellite-Marked Double-Crested Cormorants From A Breeding Colony Managed By Egg-Oiling In Lake Ontario, Usa, Brian S. Dorr, Jimmy D. Taylor Ii, Scott J. Werner, D. Tommy King, James F. Farquhar, Irene M. Mazzocchi, Russell D. Mccullough
Brian S Dorr
Abstract.—A two-year satellite telemetry study was initiated in May 2000 at a Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) breeding colony on Little Galloo Island (LGI) in eastern Lake Ontario, New York, USA, which is managed by egg-oiling. The objective was to describe cormorant (N = 26/year) movements, specifically during the period of reproductive management by egg-oiling and seasonally (breeding, migration and wintering). Egg-oiling at two-week intervals resulted in a hatch success on LGI of 5.7% for 2000 and 2001, combined. The majority (97%) of core use areas of marked cormorants contained LGI throughout three egg-oiling treatments (six weeks), and 71% still contained …
Bats Track And Exploit Changes In Insect Pest Populations, Gary F. Mccracken, John K. Westbrook, Veronica A. Brown, Melanie Eldridge, Paula Federico, Thomas H. Kunz
Bats Track And Exploit Changes In Insect Pest Populations, Gary F. Mccracken, John K. Westbrook, Veronica A. Brown, Melanie Eldridge, Paula Federico, Thomas H. Kunz
Gary F. McCracken
The role of bats or any generalist predator in suppressing prey populations depends on the predator's ability to track and exploit available prey. Using a qPCR fecal DNA assay, we document significant association between numbers of Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) consuming corn earworm (CEW) moths (Helicoverpa zea) and seasonal fluctuations in CEW populations. This result is consistent with earlier research linking the bats' diet to patterns of migration, abundance, and crop infestation by important insect pests. Here we confirm opportunistic feeding on one of the world's most destructive insects and support model estimates of the bats' ecosystem services. Regression …