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- Metabolism (2)
- Mitochondria (2)
- Pluripotency (2)
- Autophagy (1)
- Brain Development (1)
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- Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) (1)
- C2C12 (1)
- Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) (1)
- Differentiation (1)
- Embryo (1)
- Embryonic stem cell (1)
- Guinea Pig (1)
- Hydrogen Peroxide (1)
- Intrauterine Growth Restriction (1)
- Lactate (1)
- Lysosomal activity (1)
- Non-esterified fatty acids (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Oxidative Stress (1)
- Placenta (1)
- Pluripotent continuum (1)
- Preimplantation development (1)
- Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (1)
- Pyruvate kinase muscle isoforms 1 and 2 (1)
- Reactive Oxygen Species (1)
- Skeletal Muscle (1)
- Stem cell (1)
- Western Diet (1)
Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Metabolic Regulation During Extraembryonic Endoderm Differentiation, Mohamed Gatie
Metabolic Regulation During Extraembryonic Endoderm Differentiation, Mohamed Gatie
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The inner cell mass undergoes orchestrated cellular divisions resulting in the formation of the epiblast (EPI) and primitive endoderm (PrE). Understanding the process of cell fate specification is crucial to appreciate the intricacies of proper embryonic development. While the mouse embryo is an excellent model, limitations do exist with number, technical challenges, and accessibility, therefore, in my thesis I employed two cell-based models to recapitulate the EPI-PrE fate in vitro. Many signaling pathways have been implicated in this lineage decision, metabolism and its downstream products have been recently regarded as a driver of lineage commitment. Using various biochemical, molecular, …
Free Fatty Acid Treatment Alters Autophagy During Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development, Zuleika C. L. Leung
Free Fatty Acid Treatment Alters Autophagy During Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development, Zuleika C. L. Leung
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Obesity-induced hyperlipidemia is one of the main factors for female infertility. Hyperlipidemia, specifically with high levels of palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA), interferes with preimplantation development. Autophagy is essential in early embryo development but, it is unknown whether hyperlipidemia affects autophagic mechanisms in preimplantation embryos. It was hypothesized that PA will alter autophagy in preimplantation mouse embryos and that the subsequent effects will be reversed by OA. PA impaired blastocyst development by arresting embryos at the 8-cell stage. PA also elevated early embryo autophagy by increasing autophagosome formation, decreasing maturation, and disrupting degradation. Co-treatment with OA showed developmental …
Maternal Lifelong Western Diet Consumption Impacts Placental And Brain Development In The Term Guinea Pig Fetus, Carlene H. Cihosky
Maternal Lifelong Western Diet Consumption Impacts Placental And Brain Development In The Term Guinea Pig Fetus, Carlene H. Cihosky
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Both metabolic and cognitive dysfunction can originate from fetal reprogramming precipitating from adverse conditions experienced in utero. Of note is the western diet (WD), which is associated with maternal energy imbalances that may hinder fetal development through altered placental function. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a growth factor that supports the placenta and developing brain, is responsive to such energy imbalances. This study sought to investigate the impact of lifelong maternal WD consumption on fetoplacental development, focusing on relations between placental changes, and fetal growth and neurodevelopment in a guinea pig model. Maternal WD consumption resulting in a lean metabolically …
Characterization And Modulatory Influence Of Pyruvate Kinase Muscle Isoforms 1 And 2 Within The Murine Pluripotent Continuum, Joshua G. Dierolf
Characterization And Modulatory Influence Of Pyruvate Kinase Muscle Isoforms 1 And 2 Within The Murine Pluripotent Continuum, Joshua G. Dierolf
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and mouse epiblast stem cells (mEpiSCs) represent opposite ends of a pluripotency continuum, respectively referred to as naïve and primed pluripotent states. A third, recently discovered intermediate state has been described as the ‘formative state’. Metabolism has been traditionally regarded as a by-product of cell fate; however, recent evidence now supports metabolism as promoting stem cell fate. Pyruvate kinase muscle isoforms 1 and 2 (PKM1 and PKM2) catalyze the final, rate limiting step of glycolysis generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and pyruvate; however, the precise role(s) of these isozymes in naïve, formative, and primed pluripotency is …
Characterizing The Effects Of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (Pqq) Supplementation On Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function And Myogenesis During Oxidative Stress And Iugr., Allyson J. Wood
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects 10-15% of births and is associated with placental insufficiency (PI), resulting in fetal oxidative stress (OS). This OS is a factor in the predisposition to postnatal noncommunicable disease (NCD) of which muscle mitochondrial dysfunctional is a key aspect. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an antioxidant-like compound, is capable of OS reduction and promotes mitochondrial function, though limited research has focused on its effects in in utero skeletal muscle. This study sought to investigate the impact of in vitro H2O2, a model of OS, and an in vivo model of OS associated IUGR, with …