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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Hematopoiesis Of Immature Myeloid Dendritic Cells In Stroma-Dependent Spleen Long-Term Cultures Occurs Independently Of Nf-Kb/Relb Function, Jonathan Tan, Keping Ni, Fei Le, Helen O'Neill
Hematopoiesis Of Immature Myeloid Dendritic Cells In Stroma-Dependent Spleen Long-Term Cultures Occurs Independently Of Nf-Kb/Relb Function, Jonathan Tan, Keping Ni, Fei Le, Helen O'Neill
Jonathan Tan
Objective The nuclear factor-κB (NF-KB)/RelB transcription factor plays an essential role in development of some dendritic cell (DC) subsets in mice. In this laboratory, immature myeloid DC are produced in vitro in a stroma-dependent murine spleen long-term culture (LTC) system. In LTC, DC differentiate from hematopoietic progenitors maintained within the stromal cell matrix. Expression and function of RelB in development of LTC-DC has been investigated, with a view to assessing the relationship between DC produced in this system and other known subsets of DC. Materials and Methods RelB expression by LTC-DC was confirmed by detection of protein by Western blotting, …
Concise Review: Dendritic Cell Development In The Context Of The Spleen Microenvironment, Jonathan Tan, Helen O'Neill
Concise Review: Dendritic Cell Development In The Context Of The Spleen Microenvironment, Jonathan Tan, Helen O'Neill
Jonathan Tan
The dendritic cell (DC) population in spleen comprises a mixture of cells including endogenous DC progenitors, DC precursors migrating in from blood and bone marrow, and DC in different states of differentiation and activation. A role for different microenvironments in supporting the dynamic development of murine DC of different types or lineages is considered here. Recent evidence for production of DC dependent on splenic stromal cells is reviewed in the light of evidence that cell production is dependent on cells comprising an endothelial niche in spleen. The possibility that self-renewing progenitors in spleen give rise to DC with tolerogenic or …
Laminar Flow In Mini-Fluidics Channels Assembly And Its Application In Zebra Fish Embryo Research, Radek Glaser
Laminar Flow In Mini-Fluidics Channels Assembly And Its Application In Zebra Fish Embryo Research, Radek Glaser
Radek Glaser
A Mini-Fluidics system was designed to facilitate the muscle growth of the Zebra Fish embryos. This experimental device is made of peristaltic pump, inflow/outflow manifolds, fluid storage tank, series of valves and flexible pipes and the main plate with six mini channels. These closed channels provide pathways for an extremely laminar flow. The Zebra Fish embryos are placed in the channels and exposed to the forces present in the fluid.
The Small Rna Repertoire Of Dictyostelium Discoideum And Its Regulation By Components Of The Rnai Pathway., Wolfgang Nellen, Andrea Hinas, Johan Reimegard, E. Gerhart H. Wagner, Victor R. Ambros, Fredrik Soderbom
The Small Rna Repertoire Of Dictyostelium Discoideum And Its Regulation By Components Of The Rnai Pathway., Wolfgang Nellen, Andrea Hinas, Johan Reimegard, E. Gerhart H. Wagner, Victor R. Ambros, Fredrik Soderbom
Victor R. Ambros
Small RNAs play crucial roles in regulation of gene expression in many eukaryotes. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of 18-26 nt RNAs in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. This survey uncovered developmentally regulated microRNA candidates whose biogenesis, at least in one case, is dependent on a Dicer homolog, DrnB. Furthermore, we identified a large number of 21 nt RNAs originating from the DIRS-1 retrotransposon, clusters of which have been suggested to constitute centromeres. Small RNAs from another retrotransposon, Skipper, were significantly up-regulated in strains depleted of the second Dicer-like protein, DrnA, and a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RrpC. …
Tailed Forisomes Of Canavalia Gladiata: A New Model To Study Ca2+-Driven Protein Contractility, Winfried Peters, Michael Knoblauch, Stephen Warmann, Reinhard Schnetter, Amy Shen, William Pickard
Tailed Forisomes Of Canavalia Gladiata: A New Model To Study Ca2+-Driven Protein Contractility, Winfried Peters, Michael Knoblauch, Stephen Warmann, Reinhard Schnetter, Amy Shen, William Pickard
Winfried S. Peters
The Regulation Of Genes And Genomes By Small Rnas., Victor Ambros, Xuemei Chen
The Regulation Of Genes And Genomes By Small Rnas., Victor Ambros, Xuemei Chen
Victor R. Ambros
A recent Keystone Symposium on 'MicroRNAs and siRNAs: Biological Functions and Mechanisms' was organized by David Bartel and Shiv Grewal (and was held in conjunction with 'RNAi for Target Validation and as a Therapeutic', organized by Stephen Friend and John Maraganore). The 'MicroRNAs and siRNAs' meeting brought together scientists working on diverse biological aspects of small regulatory RNAs, including microRNAs, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs and rasiRNAs). Among the themes discussed were the diversity of small regulatory RNAs and their developmental functions, their biogenesis, the identification of their regulatory targets, their mechanisms of action, and their roles …
Reversible Birefringence Suggests A Role For Molecular Self-Assembly In Forisome Contractility, Winfried Peters, Reinhard Schnetter, Michael Knoblauch
Reversible Birefringence Suggests A Role For Molecular Self-Assembly In Forisome Contractility, Winfried Peters, Reinhard Schnetter, Michael Knoblauch
Winfried S. Peters
Potent Effect Of Target Structure On Microrna Function, Peter Williams, Dang Long, Rosalind Lee, Chi Chan, Victor Ambros, Ye Ding
Potent Effect Of Target Structure On Microrna Function, Peter Williams, Dang Long, Rosalind Lee, Chi Chan, Victor Ambros, Ye Ding
Victor R. Ambros
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that repress protein synthesis by binding to target messenger RNAs. We investigated the effect of target secondary structure on the efficacy of repression by miRNAs. Using structures predicted by the Sfold program, we model the interaction between an miRNA and a target as a two-step hybridization reaction: nucleation at an accessible target site followed by hybrid elongation to disrupt local target secondary structure and form the complete miRNA-target duplex. This model accurately accounts for the sensitivity to repression by let-7 of various mutant forms of the Caenorhabditis elegans lin-41 3' untranslated region and for …
Using Math In Cell Biology: A Tale Of Two Channel Types, Borbala Mazzag
Using Math In Cell Biology: A Tale Of Two Channel Types, Borbala Mazzag
Borbala Mazzag
No abstract provided.
Characterization Of Microrna Expression Levels And Their Biological Correlates In Human Cancer Cell Lines., Caifu Chen, Arti Gaur, David Jewell, Yu Liang, Dana Ridzon, Jason Moore, Victor Ambros, Mark Israel
Characterization Of Microrna Expression Levels And Their Biological Correlates In Human Cancer Cell Lines., Caifu Chen, Arti Gaur, David Jewell, Yu Liang, Dana Ridzon, Jason Moore, Victor Ambros, Mark Israel
Victor R. Ambros
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that function by regulating target gene expression posttranscriptionally. They play a critical role in developmental and physiologic processes and are implicated in the pathogenesis of several human diseases including cancer. We examined the expression profiles of 241 human microRNAs in normal tissues and the NCI-60 panel of human tumor-derived cell lines. To quantify microRNA expression, we employed a highly sensitive technique that uses stem-loop primers for reverse transcription followed by real-time PCR. Most microRNAs were expressed at lower levels in tumor-derived cell lines compared with the corresponding normal tissue. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis of microRNA …
The 2007 George W. Beadle Medal. Robert K. Herman., Victor Ambros
The 2007 George W. Beadle Medal. Robert K. Herman., Victor Ambros
Victor R. Ambros
No abstract provided.
Hematopoiesis Of Immature Myeloid Dendritic Cells In Stroma-Dependent Spleen Long-Term Cultures Occurs Independently Of Nf-Kb/Relb Function, Jonathan Tan, Keping Ni, Fei Le, Helen O'Neill
Hematopoiesis Of Immature Myeloid Dendritic Cells In Stroma-Dependent Spleen Long-Term Cultures Occurs Independently Of Nf-Kb/Relb Function, Jonathan Tan, Keping Ni, Fei Le, Helen O'Neill
Helen O'Neill
Objective The nuclear factor-κB (NF-KB)/RelB transcription factor plays an essential role in development of some dendritic cell (DC) subsets in mice. In this laboratory, immature myeloid DC are produced in vitro in a stroma-dependent murine spleen long-term culture (LTC) system. In LTC, DC differentiate from hematopoietic progenitors maintained within the stromal cell matrix. Expression and function of RelB in development of LTC-DC has been investigated, with a view to assessing the relationship between DC produced in this system and other known subsets of DC. Materials and Methods RelB expression by LTC-DC was confirmed by detection of protein by Western blotting, …
Runx2 Is Essential For Larval Hyobranchial Cartilage Formation In Xenopus Laevis, Ryan Kerney, Joshua Gross, James Hanken
Runx2 Is Essential For Larval Hyobranchial Cartilage Formation In Xenopus Laevis, Ryan Kerney, Joshua Gross, James Hanken
Ryan Kerney
The vertebrate transcription factor protein Runx2 is regarded as a “master regulator” of bone formation due to the dramatic loss of the osseous skeleton in the mouse homozygous knockout. However, Runx2 mRNA also is expressed in the pre-hypertrophic cartilaginous skeleton of the mouse and chicken, where its developmental function is largely unknown. Several tiers of Runx2 regulation exist in the mouse, any of which may account for its seeming biological inactivity during early stages of skeletogenesis. Unlike mouse and chicken, zebrafish require Runx2 function in early cartilage differentiation. The present study reveals that the earlier functional role of Runx2 in …
Cranial Ontogeny In Philautus Silus (Anura: Ranidae: Rhacophorinae) Reveals Few Similarities With Other Direct-Developing Anurans, Ryan Kerney, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi, James Hanken
Cranial Ontogeny In Philautus Silus (Anura: Ranidae: Rhacophorinae) Reveals Few Similarities With Other Direct-Developing Anurans, Ryan Kerney, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi, James Hanken
Ryan Kerney
Direct development has evolved in rhaco- phorine frogs independently from other anuran lineages, thereby offering an opportunity to assess features associ- ated with this derived life history. Using a developmen- tal series of the direct-developing Philautus silus (Ranidae: Rhacophorinae) from Sri Lanka, we examine features of cranial morphology that are part of a suite of adaptations that facilitate feeding in free-living tadpoles, but have been changed or lost in other direct-developing lineages. Larval-specific upper jaw cartilages, which are absent from many non-rhacophorine direct-developing species (such as Eleutherodactylus coqui), develop in embryos of P. silus. Similarly, lower jaw cartilages ini- tially …
Concise Review: Dendritic Cell Development In The Context Of The Spleen Microenvironment, Jonathan Tan, Helen O'Neill
Concise Review: Dendritic Cell Development In The Context Of The Spleen Microenvironment, Jonathan Tan, Helen O'Neill
Helen O'Neill
The dendritic cell (DC) population in spleen comprises a mixture of cells including endogenous DC progenitors, DC precursors migrating in from blood and bone marrow, and DC in different states of differentiation and activation. A role for different microenvironments in supporting the dynamic development of murine DC of different types or lineages is considered here. Recent evidence for production of DC dependent on splenic stromal cells is reviewed in the light of evidence that cell production is dependent on cells comprising an endothelial niche in spleen. The possibility that self-renewing progenitors in spleen give rise to DC with tolerogenic or …
Use Of Gene Profiling To Describe A Niche For Dendritic Cell Development, Geneviève Despars, Terence O'Neill, Helen O'Neill
Use Of Gene Profiling To Describe A Niche For Dendritic Cell Development, Geneviève Despars, Terence O'Neill, Helen O'Neill
Helen O'Neill
Gene profiling provides a multitude of data on individual gene expression. The view is expressed here that unreplicated data can be used in a descriptive way to compare cell populations in terms of their lineage characteristics and function. In these studies, the aim is to provide a snapshot of gene expression or its absence as a reflection of cell lineage or type, rather than gain a reliable expression measure for all genes expressed. The data set used in this analysis represents gene expression in the splenic stroma STX3 supportive of dendritic cell hematopoiesis and the lymph node stroma 2RL22, which …
Mycoplasma Contaminants Present In Exosome Preparations Induce Polyclonal B Cell Responses., Helen O'Neill, Ben Quah
Mycoplasma Contaminants Present In Exosome Preparations Induce Polyclonal B Cell Responses., Helen O'Neill, Ben Quah
Helen O'Neill
Exosome fractions of dendritic cells (DC) produced in long-term cultures (LTC) were found to contain Mycoplasma contaminants. In this study, Mycoplasma-infected, -uninfected, and -reinfected cultures of DC and control cell lines have been compared for their capacity to activate lymphocytes. Using differential centrifugation, size fractionation, and inhibition assays, it has been possible to map Mycoplasma to the exosome or vesicle fraction purified from culture supernatant (CSN). Mycoplasma fractions were shown to induce proliferation of B and not T cells. The B cell response was sensitive to mitomycin C and primaquine, both known antibiotics, but resistant to protease and DNase, suggesting …