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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Validation Of Arterial Spin Labeling For Longitudinal Monitoring And Differential Diagnosis Of Frontotemporal Dementia, Tracy Ssali
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by a rapid decline in behavioural, language, and motor abilities. Advances in the understanding of FTD genetics and pathophysiology, and the subsequent development of novel disease modifying treatments have highlighted the need for tools to assess their efficacy. While structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional imaging with 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) are used for clinical diagnosis, structural changes are subtle at the early stages and PET imaging is expensive and access limited. Given the coupling of cerebral blood flow (CBF) to energy metabolism, an attractive alternative is …
Phase Imaging For Reducing Macrovascular Signal Contributions In High-Resolution Fmri, Olivia W. Stanley
Phase Imaging For Reducing Macrovascular Signal Contributions In High-Resolution Fmri, Olivia W. Stanley
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
High resolution functional MRI allows for the investigation of neural activity within the cortical sheet. One consideration in high resolution fMRI is the choice of which sequence to use during imaging, as all methods come with sensitivity and specificity tradeoffs. The most used fMRI sequence is gradient-echo echo planar imaging (GE-EPI) which has the highest sensitivity but is not specific to microvasculature. GE-EPI results in a signal with pial vessel bias which increases complexity of performing studies targeted at structures within the cortex. This work seeks to explore the use of MRI phase signal as a macrovascular filter to correct …
Exogenous Surfactant As A Delivery Vehicle For Intrapulmonary Therapeutics, Brandon J. Baer
Exogenous Surfactant As A Delivery Vehicle For Intrapulmonary Therapeutics, Brandon J. Baer
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
As an organ system, the lung has unique advantages and disadvantages for direct drug delivery. Its contact with the external environment allows for the airways to be easily accessible to intrapulmonary delivery. However, its complex structure, which divides into more narrow airways with each branch, can make direct delivery to the remote alveoli challenging. The objective of this thesis was to overcome this issue by using exogenous surfactant, a lipoprotein complex used to treat neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, as a carrier for pulmonary therapeutics. It was hypothesized that therapeutics administered with a surfactant vehicle would display enhanced delivery to the …
A Quantitative Assessment Of Hemodynamic And Histological Parameters In The Mdx Mouse Model, Sarah Hakim
A Quantitative Assessment Of Hemodynamic And Histological Parameters In The Mdx Mouse Model, Sarah Hakim
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most commonly inherited musculoskeletal disorders affecting 1 in 3500 boys worldwide. The disorder is due to a lack of functional dystrophin protein, which, in turn, results in a loss of cell membrane integrity in skeletal, cardiac muscle and the brain leading to changes in perfusion. As such, within DMD tissue, necrosis is commonly observed, and it has been previously hypothesized that this may be due to a reduction in regional blood supply. Here, we aim to measure hemodynamic changes during disease progression in DMD (Mdx/Utrn+/+) mice, using dynamic contrast enhanced …
Developing Sodium Mri For Longitudinal Assessment Of Chemotherapy Of Glioma In A Rat Model Of Cancer, Xin Yue Wang
Developing Sodium Mri For Longitudinal Assessment Of Chemotherapy Of Glioma In A Rat Model Of Cancer, Xin Yue Wang
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive cancer which presents significant challenges for disease management and treatment. Tissue sodium concentration (TSC) is a sensitive indicator of disease and changes in TSC can be used as a potential biomarker for treatment response. A longitudinal orthotopic C6 GBM model was used to study changes in TSC due to cancer. Animals were imaged with contrast enhanced T1-weighted, T2-weighted and sodium MRI and were either un-treated or received temozolomide (TMZ) treatment. Accurate assessment of TSC was possible for tumour volumes greater than 150mm3 using 3mm isotropic imaging voxels. TSC increased with …
Ischemic Stroke Thrombus Characterization Through Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Spencer D. Christiansen
Ischemic Stroke Thrombus Characterization Through Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Spencer D. Christiansen
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Stroke is a pervasive, devastating disease and remains one of the most challenging conditions to treat. In particular, risk of recurrence is dramatically heightened after a primary stroke and requires urgent preventative therapy to effectively mitigate. However, the appropriate preventative therapy depends on the underlying source of the stroke, known as etiology, which is challenging to determine promptly. Current diagnostic tests for determining etiology underwhelm in both sensitivity and specificity, and in as much as 35% of cases etiology is never determined. In ischemic stroke, the composition of the occluding thrombus, specifically its red blood cell (RBC) content, has been …
Non-Invasive Quantification Of Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism By Hybrid Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Lucas Diovani Lopes Narciso
Non-Invasive Quantification Of Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism By Hybrid Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Lucas Diovani Lopes Narciso
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Although positron emission tomography (PET) remains the gold standard for quantifying cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), the procedures are invasive and complex, requiring arterial sampling and accounting for blood-borne activity. Non-invasive methods generally require extracting an image-derived input function (IDIF) from the carotid arteries; however, these methods are sensitive to partial volume errors due to the poor spatial resolution of PET. Hybrid PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers an alternative non-invasive approach by using MRI to calibrate PET data. PET/MR imaging of oxidative metabolism (PMROx) is a reference-based approach that uses whole-brain (WB) …