Life Sciences Commons^™

An Analytical Method Of Determining Thickness Of Multi-Layer Films With Electron Microprobe, Yen-Cai Ho, Jia-Guang Chen, Xin-Lei Wang

Scanning Microscopy

In the previous work we have developed a series of theoretical corrections for calculating the emitted X-ray intensity in multi-layer films. By the use of these theories, along with careful experimental operation of the electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and Monte Carlo iteration calculation, the thickness of each layer in multi-layer films can be determined.

To test the reliability of this method, the multi-layer film specimens Au/Cu/Si, Cu/Au/Si and Ag/Cr/Si of known thicknesses were analyzed at 20, 25, 30 and 35 keV. The percentage relative errors between the thicknesses determined using the correction procedures and those measured using nuclear backscattering are …

Analytical Description Of X-Ray Peaks: Application To L X-Ray Spectra Processing Of Lanthanide Elements By Means Of The Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer, G. Remond, Ph. Coutures, C. Gilles, D. Massiot

Scanning Microscopy

The shape of Lα X-ray peaks analyzed by means of a LiF (200 plane) monochromator was described by a pseudo-Voigt function:

P(λ) = 0.35 P₁(λ)+ 0.65 P₂(λ)

where P₁(λ) and P₂(λ) are a Gaussian and a Lorentzian distribution centered at the same wavelength, with the same amplitude and half-width and in relative proportion 0.35 and 0.65 respectively. For peaks occurring at wavelength greater than ≃ 0.17 nm, a Gaussian offset was added in order to correct the asymmetry of peaks resulting from the monochromator mounting within the spectrometer.

The effective wavelength resolution …

Bacillus-Shaped Deposits Composed Of Hexahedrally Based Crystals In Human Dental Calculus, T. Kodaka, A. Hirayama, K. Miake, S. Higashi

Scanning Microscopy

In human supra- and subgingival calculus, bacillus-shaped deposits showing various rocky-pile forms composed of hexahedrally based crystals were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The crystal size measured approximately 0.1 - 1.5 μm. The electron probe microanalysis always detected calcium, phosphorous, and magnesium. Their molar ratios resembled those of magnesium-containing whitlockite and moreover the crystals also gave the electron diffraction pattern of whitlockite. The bacillus-shaped deposits happened to coexist with the intracellular calcifying microorganisms, furthermore, oral microorganisms partially replaced by the hexahedrally based crystals were found. The crystal deposits were never seen in the surface layers of calculus exposed to the …