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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Synchronization Of Reproduction In Deertoe Mussel (Truncilla Truncata), Kendell R. Loyd
Synchronization Of Reproduction In Deertoe Mussel (Truncilla Truncata), Kendell R. Loyd
MSU Graduate Theses
Freshwater mussels, Order Unionoida, are diverse and widespread in North America but have suffered general decline and many extinctions in recent decades. The reproductive biology of Unionoida is complex and may be vulnerable to human impacts. Male mussels release aggregates of sperm called spermatozeugmata that drift downstream. Females obtain spermatozeugmata from the water and brood the fertilized eggs internally during development. Many aspects of general reproductive biology are poorly understood, including the mechanisms that coordinate spawning and the route by which sperm meet eggs in the female. The present study focuses on reproduction in the Deertoe (Truncilla truncata), …
Yeast Dynamin And Ypt6 Converge On The Garp For Endosome-To-Golgi Trafficking, Pelin Makaraci
Yeast Dynamin And Ypt6 Converge On The Garp For Endosome-To-Golgi Trafficking, Pelin Makaraci
MSU Graduate Theses
Protein recycling is an important cellular process required for cell homeostasis. Results from prior studies demonstrated that Vps1, a dynamin homologue in yeast, is implicated in protein recycling from the endosome to the trans-Golgi Network (TGN). However, the function of Vps1 in relation to Ypt6, a master GTPase in the recycling pathway, remains unknown. The present study reveals that Vps1 physically interacts with Ypt6 if at least one of them is full-length. It was found that overexpression of full-length Vps1, but not GTP hydrolysis-defective Vps1 mutants, is sufficient to rescue abnormal phenotypes in membrane trafficking pathways provoked by loss …
Ecology Of Hatchling Alligator Snapping Turtles (Macrochelys Temminckii), Sarah J. Spangler
Ecology Of Hatchling Alligator Snapping Turtles (Macrochelys Temminckii), Sarah J. Spangler
MSU Graduate Theses
Little is known about the first year of life for many of the world’s freshwater turtles. This is due in part to their cryptic nature and the difficulty of locating hatchlings in the wild. The lack of information about this demographically important age group has led researchers to draw conclusions from indirect inferences about survival rates and ecological roles of hatchlings that may or may not be accurate. To begin filling in some of these gaps, I focused on the first year in an alligator snapping turtle’s life. I studied: (1) circadian and circannual patterns of activity, (2) growth rates …
Effects Of Engineered Carbon And Silver Nanoparticles On Plutella Xylostella Consumption, Growth, Pupation, Survival, And Fecundity, Taiaba Afrin
MSU Graduate Theses
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have recently become common in consumer products, and will therefore be entering into both aquatic and terrestrial systems. However, the effects of ENPs on animals is not well characterized. For example, to date there has been no research on the effects of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (common ENPs) on insects. I examined the effects of pure SWCNTs and AgNPs on consumption, growth, food conversion ratio, pupation, survival, fecundity, and expression of CYP6BG1 using fourth instar of diamondback moth (DBM) larvae with the following concentrations: 8.64, 17.28, 34.56, 69.12 and 138.24 µg/ml SWCNTs; …
Simplifying Methods For In Vitro Metamorphosis Of Glochidia, Morgan A. Kern
Simplifying Methods For In Vitro Metamorphosis Of Glochidia, Morgan A. Kern
MSU Graduate Theses
Captive culture of Unionoid mussels is complicated by the parasitic larval stage, which normally requires a host fish for metamorphosis. Alternatively, some mussel species can metamorphose in vitro, i.e. in an artificial medium in Petri dishes. Most workers have used 5% CO2 atmosphere and bicarbonate to stabilize pH, requiring a specialized incubator. In the present study, in vitro metamorphosis success of Anodonta oregonensis and other species were higher or similar in air than in 1%, or 5% CO2. The nutritional role of the medium was tested by substituting physiological saline without nutrients at varying intervals before …
Clinically Relevant Model Of Temporomandibular Disorder, Neelima Chelliboina
Clinically Relevant Model Of Temporomandibular Disorder, Neelima Chelliboina
MSU Graduate Theses
Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) is a debilitating orofacial pain condition that affects a significant portion of the population and is associated with a decrease in quality of life. Results from the Orofacial Pain Prospective Evaluation and Risk Assessment Study (OPPERA) study provide evidence that risk factors such as neck muscle tension, prolonged jaw opening, and female gender increase the likelihood of developing TMD. Routine visits to an orthodontist or dentist can result in injury to the jaw joint or muscles of mastication. I tested the hypothesis that neck muscle inflammation and female gender increase the risk of developing chronic pain …
Quantitative Behavioral Analyses Of Ozark Hellbender Reproduction And Paternal Care, Rachel Ann Settle
Quantitative Behavioral Analyses Of Ozark Hellbender Reproduction And Paternal Care, Rachel Ann Settle
MSU Graduate Theses
The Ozark hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi) is a federally endangered aquatic salamander. While some anecdotal observations have been reported, no quantitative assessments of reproductive behaviors have been made. I quantified video-recordings of two breeding events at the Saint Louis Zoo. Hellbenders were housed in an indoor stream outfitted with 4 cameras. General activity and agonistic behaviors increased through the first oviposition, peaked during inter-oviposition, and declined abruptly following the second oviposition. Following oviposition, males guard their eggs until hatching. I also quantified behavior of a guarding male from video footage collected by MDC from a nest in the North Fork …
The Effects Of Carbon Nanotubes And Silver Quantum Dots On Gas Exchange In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Maryam Ibrahim Subaylaa
The Effects Of Carbon Nanotubes And Silver Quantum Dots On Gas Exchange In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Maryam Ibrahim Subaylaa
MSU Graduate Theses
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are increasingly being used in commercial products, and may accumulate in soils when the products are disposed. I examined the effects of two common ENPs, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silver quantum dots (Ag-QDs), on plant gas exchange. To do this, I grew Arabidopsis thaliana in soil (n=36) for 6 weeks and added a CNT suspension at increasing concentrations (10, 30, 90, 150, 190, 250 μg/ ml) each week. I also grew A. thaliana in petri dishes (n=83) containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, with a concentration of 4μg/ ml Ag-QDs or 4μg/ml CNTs. I measured carbon assimilation …
Yeast Membrane Lipid Imbalance Leads To Trafficking Defects Toward The Golgi, Sara Elizabeth Woodman
Yeast Membrane Lipid Imbalance Leads To Trafficking Defects Toward The Golgi, Sara Elizabeth Woodman
MSU Graduate Theses
Protein recycling is an essential cellular process that involves endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and exocytosis. In mammalian systems, membrane lipids (including cholesterol, sphingolipids, and phospholipids) play a pivotal role in protein recycling. To address this role in budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, I utilized GFP-Snc1, a fluorescent marker for reporting the recycling pathway. Moderate to significant GFP-Snc1 recycling defects occurred upon overexpression or inactivation of phospholipid, ergosterol, and sphingolipid biosynthesis enzymes, indicating that homeostasis of membrane lipid levels is prerequisite for proper protein recycling. Expression of a truncated version of GFP-Snc1 that cannot be recycled from the plasma membrane revealed that abnormalities …
Spatial Learning Of Shelter Locations And Associative Learning Of A Foraging Task In The Cottonmouth, (Agkistrodon Piscivorus), Rhyan Robert Friesen
Spatial Learning Of Shelter Locations And Associative Learning Of A Foraging Task In The Cottonmouth, (Agkistrodon Piscivorus), Rhyan Robert Friesen
MSU Graduate Theses
Learning processes can have significant adaptive value in mediating behaviors with important fitness consequences. For snakes, learning may ensure the localization of key resources including food and shelter. Snakes are proportionately underrepresented in reptile learning studies, and the majority of research subjects are within the family Colubridae. I presented captive cottonmouth snakes with two types of learning challenges. In a spatial learning experiment, snakes learned the location of a cover object in a circular laboratory arena, as demonstrated by a 56% reduction of time and 57% reduction of distance travelled to a shelter across a series of training trials. In …
Transcriptome Profiling And Long Non-Coding Rna Identification In Grapevine, Zachary Noel Harris
Transcriptome Profiling And Long Non-Coding Rna Identification In Grapevine, Zachary Noel Harris
MSU Graduate Theses
Next-generation sequencing technologies have provided access to vast quantities of nucleic acid sequence data. The resulting wealth of information enables biologists to address complex biological questions in species for which a high-quality well-annotated reference genome sequence has yet to be generated. The cultivated grapevine, Vitis vinifera, has a relatively poorly annotated reference genome. In addition, it is a highly heterozygous species which further hinders the annotation of its genome and the characterization of its transcriptome. Here, I annotated Version 2 of the 12X V. vinifera genome using RNA-seq data derived from the variety ‘Riesling' by employing the most up-to-date computational …
Surface Display For Metabolic Engineering Of Industrially Important Acetic Acid Bacteria, Marshal Allen Blank
Surface Display For Metabolic Engineering Of Industrially Important Acetic Acid Bacteria, Marshal Allen Blank
MSU Graduate Theses
Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) have unique metabolic characteristics that suit them for a variety of applications. They possess an arsenal of membrane-bound dehydrogenases in the periplasmic space that are capable of regiospecific and enantioselective partial oxidation of sugars, alcohols, and polyols. The resulting products are deposited directly into the medium where they are easily recovered for use as pharmaceutical precursors, industrial chemicals, food additives, and consumer products. Unfortunately, there has been little research towards improving AAB, as few molecular tools exist for metabolic engineering of these microbes. To this end, an original surface display system was developed to express recombinant …