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Animal Sciences

2012

Kansas State University Libraries

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Meta-Analysis Comparing Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Water Usage Of Growing-Finishing Pigs Fed Using Conventional Dry And Wet-Dry Feeders (2012), S Nitikanchana, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

Meta-Analysis Comparing Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Water Usage Of Growing-Finishing Pigs Fed Using Conventional Dry And Wet-Dry Feeders (2012), S Nitikanchana, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fifteen trials were used for meta-analyses comparing the effects of conventional dry (CD) and wet-dry (WD) feeders on growth performance, carcass traits, and water usage of growing-finishing pigs. The meta-analysis indicated that pigs fed with WD feeders consistently had greater (P<0.01) ADG (0.09 lb/d) and ADFI compared with those fed with CD feeders; however, although highly variable, no overall difference (P = 0.93) was observed in F/G. As a result of improved growth rate, final BW and HCW of pigs fed with WD feeders was 3.2% greater (P<0.01) than when fed with CD feeders. For carcass traits, backfat was greater (P<0.01) and percentage lean was lower (P<0.01) in pigs fed with WD feeders compared with those fed with CD feeders. Carcass yield and loin depth did not differ (P>0.14) among feeder types. Water usage for pigs fed with WD feeders was 0.4 gal/pig/d less (P = 0.02) than for pigs using CD feeders. Growing-finishing pigs fed with WD feeders had increased growth rate, feed intake, final BW, and HCW, but deposited more fat as indicated by greater backfat and lower percentage lean.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November …

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Effects Of Feeding Varying Ingredient Particle Sizes And Diet Forms For 25- To 50-Lb Nursery Pigs On Performance, Caloric Efficiency, And Economics (2012), J A. De Jong, Michael D. Tokach, Leland J. Mckinney, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

Effects Of Feeding Varying Ingredient Particle Sizes And Diet Forms For 25- To 50-Lb Nursery Pigs On Performance, Caloric Efficiency, And Economics (2012), J A. De Jong, Michael D. Tokach, Leland J. Mckinney, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 675 pigs (PIC 1050 barrows; initially 24.5 lb BW and 37 d of age) were used in a 21-d study to determine the effects of feeding varying ingredient particle sizes and diet form for 25- to 50-lb nursery pigs on performance, caloric efficiency, and economics. Pens of pigs were balanced by initial BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 8 dietary treatments with 17 replications per treatment and 5 pigs per pen in two groups of nursery pigs. The 8 experimental diets included 3 corn-soybean meal—based diets consisting of: (1) corn fraction ground to an average of …

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The Effects Of Soybean Hulls On Nursery Pig Growth Performance (2012), D L. Goehring, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

The Effects Of Soybean Hulls On Nursery Pig Growth Performance (2012), D L. Goehring, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of soybean hulls on growth performance of nursery pigs. In both experiments, pens of pigs were balanced by initial BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 6 replications per treatment. In Exp. 1, a total of 210 nursery pigs (PIC, 337 × 1050, initially 14.7 lb and 28 d of age) were used in a 34-d experiment. Diets contained increasing amounts of soybean hulls (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) and were not balanced for energy. Overall (d 0 to 34), pigs fed increasing soybean hulls had decreased …

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Effects Of Increasing Dietary Wheat Middlings On Nursery Pig Performance From 15 To 50 Lb (2012), J A. De Jong, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

Effects Of Increasing Dietary Wheat Middlings On Nursery Pig Performance From 15 To 50 Lb (2012), J A. De Jong, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 210 pigs (PIC 327 × 1050, initially 15.12 lb BW) were used in a 35-d trial to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary wheat middlings (midds) on growth performance of 15- to 50-lb nursery pigs. Pens of pigs were balanced by initial BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 6 replications per treatment. The 5 corn-soybean meal—based diets contained 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% midds. Pigs were fed in a 2-phase feeding program from d 0 to 14 and d 14 to 35. Diets were not balanced for energy; thus, as midds …

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The Effects Of Medium-Oil Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance And Carcass Traits In Finishing Pigs (2012), A B. Graham, S Nitikanchana, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

The Effects Of Medium-Oil Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance And Carcass Traits In Finishing Pigs (2012), A B. Graham, S Nitikanchana, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of increasing medium-oil dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS; 7.4% fat, 28.1% CP, 10.8% ADF, and 25.6% NDF) on growth performance and carcass traits in finishing pigs. A total of 288 pigs (PIC 327 × 1050; initially 151.8 lb) were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. Treatments consisted of a corn-soybean meal control diet or the control diet with 15, 30, or 45% medium-oil DDGS, with 8 pigs per pen and 8 replications per treatment. Increasing medium-oil DDGS decreased (linear, P<0.01) ADG and worsened (linear, P<0.02) F/G. In addition, final BW, HCW, carcass yield, and loin-eye depth decreased (linear, P<0.03), and jowl iodine value (IV) increased (linear, P<0.001) with increasing medium-oil DDGS. When pigs are fed traditional DDGS containing>10.5% fat, each 10% DDGS added to the diet increases …

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The Effects Of Immunocastration And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles Withdrawal On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Fatty Acid Analysis, And Iodine Value Of Pork Fat Depots (2012), M D. Asmus, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

The Effects Of Immunocastration And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles Withdrawal On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Fatty Acid Analysis, And Iodine Value Of Pork Fat Depots (2012), M D. Asmus, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,360 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050, initially 53.0 lb) were used in a 125-d study to determine the effects of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) withdrawal post-immunocastration (IC; Improvest, Pfizer Animal Health, Kalamazoo, MI) on growth performance and carcass fat quality of growing-finishing pigs. Pens of pigs were randomly allotted by initial weight and gender (barrows or IC) to 1 of 3 dietary treatments with 8 replications per treatment for a total of 48 pens with 27 to 29 pigs per pen. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with the main effects of …

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The Interactive Effects Of Easyzyme And Phytase In Diets Containing High-Fiber Co-Products On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2012), A B. Graham, S Nitikanchana, Jong J.A. De, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

The Interactive Effects Of Easyzyme And Phytase In Diets Containing High-Fiber Co-Products On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2012), A B. Graham, S Nitikanchana, Jong J.A. De, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of a dietary non-starch polysaccharide enzyme (Easyzyme, Archer Daniels Midland Co., Decatur, IL) or phytase (Phyzyme, Danisco Animal Nutrition, St. Louis, MO) addition in corn-soybean meal or high-fiber diets on nursery pig growth performance. In Exp. 1, 192 nursery pigs (PIC 327 × 1050, initially 21.8 lb) were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. Main effects were diet type (corn-soybean meal or corn-soybean meal plus 30% wheat middlings) with or without added dietary enzyme (Easyzyme Mixer 1, 1 lb/ton). Each experiment involved 6 pigs …

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An Evaluation Of Supplemental Vitamin D3 On Growth Performance Of Pigs Pre- And Postweaning, Nursery Feed Preference, And Serum 25(Oh)D3 (2012), J R. Flohr, Steven C. Henry, M L. Potter, N S. Shelton, L Greiner, J Conner, C W. Hastad, D Murray, R Cain, K Frerichs, E L. Hansen, E Fruge, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

An Evaluation Of Supplemental Vitamin D3 On Growth Performance Of Pigs Pre- And Postweaning, Nursery Feed Preference, And Serum 25(Oh)D3 (2012), J R. Flohr, Steven C. Henry, M L. Potter, N S. Shelton, L Greiner, J Conner, C W. Hastad, D Murray, R Cain, K Frerichs, E L. Hansen, E Fruge, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing different concentrations and sources of vitamin D3 on pig performance, feed preference, and serum 25(OH)D3. In Exp. 1, a total of 398 barrows from 80 litters (PIC 1050, initially 7 d of age) were used in a 38-d study in a 2 × 2 factorial to determine the effects of vitamin D3 supple¬mentation from either a single oral dose or from high levels of vitamin D3 in early nurs¬ery diets on pig performance and serum 25(OH)D3. On d 7 after birth, matched sets of pigs within litters were allotted to …

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Hot Topic: New Research Highlights The Need For Holistic Thinking About Transition Cows (2012), Barry J. Bradford Jan 2012

Hot Topic: New Research Highlights The Need For Holistic Thinking About Transition Cows (2012), Barry J. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In the past, efforts to improve the transition to lactation have focused largely on preventing infections and maximizing energy intake in transition cows, and these issues have generally been treated independently. New models, however, are emerging to explain the development of numerous transition disorders. A combination of insults, including social stress, negative energy balance, heat stress, endotoxin exposure, and oxidative stress may promote inflammation, suppress feed intake, and impair both metabolic and immune function during the transition period. These models suggest that transition cow management must be viewed holistically, because the cow's environment, nutrition, and immune function interact in many …

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Agreement Between Observational And Necropsy-Derived Diagnosis For Cause Of Death For Cattle In A Commercial Beef Feedlot (2012), D. Anspaugh, Benjamin W. Wileman, M. Apley, W. Taylor, T. Noffsinger, Daniel U. Thomson, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2012

Agreement Between Observational And Necropsy-Derived Diagnosis For Cause Of Death For Cattle In A Commercial Beef Feedlot (2012), D. Anspaugh, Benjamin W. Wileman, M. Apley, W. Taylor, T. Noffsinger, Daniel U. Thomson, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Necropsy information is an integral component for monitoring feedlot disease and designing preventive and therapeutic strategies; however, field necropsy is a laborious and time-consuming procedure and may be an occupational hazard because personnel can become injured or be exposed to zoonotic disease while conducting necropsies. The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of a pre-necropsy mortality diagnoses made by feedlot personnel compared with diagnoses made from necropsy results.

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Presynchronizing Prostaglandin F2Α Injection Before Timed Artificial Insemination Co-Synch + Cidr Program (2012), Scott L. Hill, Stephanie Leeann Pulley, H.I. Jr. Mellieon, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger, Ryan M. Breiner, G.A. Perry, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2012

Presynchronizing Prostaglandin F2Α Injection Before Timed Artificial Insemination Co-Synch + Cidr Program (2012), Scott L. Hill, Stephanie Leeann Pulley, H.I. Jr. Mellieon, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger, Ryan M. Breiner, G.A. Perry, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fixed-time artificial insemination is an effective management tool that reduces the labor associated with more conventional programs that require detection of estrus. The 7-day CO-Synch + controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert protocol has been shown to effectively initiate estrus and ovulation in cycling and non-cycling suckled beef cows, producing pregnancy rates at or greater than 50% in beef cows. The gonadotropin- releasing hormone (GnRH) injection that begins the CO-Synch + CIDR program initiates ovulation in a large proportion of cows, particularly anestrous cows. The CIDR, which releases progesterone intravaginally, prevents short estrous cycles that usually follow the first postpartum …

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Effects Of Corn Steep Liquor Supplementation On Voluntary Selection Of Tallgrass Prairie Hay Contaminated With Sericea Lespedeza And Uncontaminated Tallgrass Prairie Hay (2012), G.J. Eckerle, L.A. Pacheco, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger Jan 2012

Effects Of Corn Steep Liquor Supplementation On Voluntary Selection Of Tallgrass Prairie Hay Contaminated With Sericea Lespedeza And Uncontaminated Tallgrass Prairie Hay (2012), G.J. Eckerle, L.A. Pacheco, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) is classified as a noxious weed throughout the Great Plains. It produces copious amounts of seed annually and contains high levels of condensed tannins during much of the growing season, which deters grazing by large domestic herbivores. In Kansas alone, this plant infests approximately 600,000 acres of native range, reducing native grass production by up to 92%. Increased grazing pressure on sericea lespedeza by beef cattle may slow its spread and facilitate some measure of biological control. Feedstuffs or feed additives with tannin-binding properties may promote voluntary consumption of this plant by grazing beef cattle. In …

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Effects Of Prepartum And Postpartum Bolus Injections Of Trace Minerals On Performance Of Beef Cows And Calves Grazing Native Range (2012), L.R. Mundell, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, David M. Grieger, L.A. Pacheco, J.W. Bolte, N.A. Aubel, G.J. Eckerle, M.J. Macek, L.J. Havenga, K. C. Olson Jan 2012

Effects Of Prepartum And Postpartum Bolus Injections Of Trace Minerals On Performance Of Beef Cows And Calves Grazing Native Range (2012), L.R. Mundell, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, David M. Grieger, L.A. Pacheco, J.W. Bolte, N.A. Aubel, G.J. Eckerle, M.J. Macek, L.J. Havenga, K. C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Adequate dietary intakes of trace minerals are thought necessary to maximize cow reproduction, calf health, and calf performance. Diets grazed by beef cattle are generally deficient to marginal in copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) concentrations; therefore, these trace minerals are usually added to the diet in supplement form. The most widely used means of trace-mineral supplementation for grazing cattle is selffed, salt-based, loose mineral supplements. Although cattle do not balance their mineral needs when consuming a self-fed mineral supplement, usually no other practical way of supplying mineral needs exists under grazing conditions. The greatest limitation to …

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Influence Of Linpro And Dietary Copper On Feedlot Cattle Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Fatty Acid Composition Of Beef (2012), C.A. Alvarado, C.C. Aperce, K.A. Miller, C.L. Van Bibber, S. Uwituze, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard Jan 2012

Influence Of Linpro And Dietary Copper On Feedlot Cattle Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Fatty Acid Composition Of Beef (2012), C.A. Alvarado, C.C. Aperce, K.A. Miller, C.L. Van Bibber, S. Uwituze, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Human diets often contain high levels of saturated fatty acids that can have deleterious health consequences such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. In contrast, omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential for human nutrition, are consumed at relatively low levels despite of their positive effects on health. Natural sources of omega-3 fatty acids include fresh legumes, cool-season grasses, flaxseed, and fish oil. In spite of the fact that fresh forages often are a key part of the cattle diet, beef is a relatively poor source of omega-3 fatty acids because of biohydrogenation, the action of microorganisms in the rumen that …

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Accelerated Step-Up Regimes For Feedlot Heifers Following Oral Dosing With Lactipro (Megasphaera Elsdenii Strain Ncimb 41125) (2012), K. Miller, C.L. Van Bibber, James S. Drouillard Jan 2012

Accelerated Step-Up Regimes For Feedlot Heifers Following Oral Dosing With Lactipro (Megasphaera Elsdenii Strain Ncimb 41125) (2012), K. Miller, C.L. Van Bibber, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cattle entering feedlots typically are adapted to finishing diets over a period of 2 to 4 weeks by gradually replacing forages with concentrate feeds using a series of step-up diets. Without proper adaptation, naïve cattle are highly susceptible to ruminal acidosis, a disorder associated with excessive production and accumulation of organic acids within the rumen. One of the key metabolic intermediates associated with the manifestation of acidosis is lactic acid, which is derived from fermentation of readily available starches and sugars. Streptococcus bovis is a prolific, rapidly growing, and opportunistic organism that thrives in the presence of readily fermented starches …

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Comparison Of The Effects Of Three Different Dehorning Techniques On Behavior And Performance In Feeder Cattle In A Western Kansas Feedlot (2012), C.D. Neely, C.A. Kerr, David E. Anderson, Daniel U. Thomson, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2012

Comparison Of The Effects Of Three Different Dehorning Techniques On Behavior And Performance In Feeder Cattle In A Western Kansas Feedlot (2012), C.D. Neely, C.A. Kerr, David E. Anderson, Daniel U. Thomson, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Removing the horns of cattle when they arrive at feeding facilities is a common practice to reduce injury to other cattle. Bruising on carcasses of cattle that have been housed in pens containing horned cattle increases noticeably. Horned feeder cattle marketed in Arkansas regional livestock auction barns received average discounts of $3.23/cwt in 2005, giving producers the incentive to dehorn their cattle before marketing. Three common techniques (tipping, dehorning, and banding) are utilized in the field to remove or reduce horn length in beef cattle. Tipping is the practice of removing the tip of the horn such that the diameter …

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Comparative Efficacy Of Two Ivermectin Pour-On Anthelmintics In Beef Steers In A Commercial Feedyard (2012), A.J. Tarpoff, T. Guichon, Daniel U. Thomson, Benjamin W. Wileman, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2012

Comparative Efficacy Of Two Ivermectin Pour-On Anthelmintics In Beef Steers In A Commercial Feedyard (2012), A.J. Tarpoff, T. Guichon, Daniel U. Thomson, Benjamin W. Wileman, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Generic products generally have a cost advantage for beef producers over brand-name products. Recently, many beef producers have debated whether to utilize generic anthelmintics in cow/calf herds and feeder cattle. If generics are to be justified, the products must be proven to have efficacy similar to the brand-name product. Previous studies have indicated that generic macrocyclic lactones are less effective in controlling gastrointestinal parasites of cattle than the original brand-name products. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of Vetrimec (Norbrook Laboratories Limited, Newry, Co. Down, Northern Ireland) pour-on and Ivomec (Merial Animal Health, Duluth, GA) pour-on …

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Vaccinating With Srp E. Coli Does Not Affect Feeder Cattle Performance, Health, Or Carcass Characteristics (2012), D.J. Rezac, B.A. Butler, Daniel U. Thomson, Benjamin W. Wileman, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2012

Vaccinating With Srp E. Coli Does Not Affect Feeder Cattle Performance, Health, Or Carcass Characteristics (2012), D.J. Rezac, B.A. Butler, Daniel U. Thomson, Benjamin W. Wileman, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Siderophore-receptor and porin-based (SRP) Escherichia coli vaccine technology functions by starving the E. coli organism via competitive exclusion for proteins that scavenge iron, an essential nutrient for E. coli viability. Vaccination with SRP E. coli technology decreased the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in artificially inoculated cattle and in cattle naturally shedding the organism. Examination of the effects that SRP E. coli vaccines exert on performance parameters has yet to be attempted in a commercial setting. The use of SRP E. coli vaccine technology effectively decreases the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in feeder cattle and may improve beef safety; …

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Delaying Implant In High-Risk Calves Has No Benefit For Health Or Feedlot Performance (2012), R.D. Munson, Daniel U. Thomson, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2012

Delaying Implant In High-Risk Calves Has No Benefit For Health Or Feedlot Performance (2012), R.D. Munson, Daniel U. Thomson, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bovine respiratory disease is the most common and costly disease in the beef industry. Calves affected by bovine respiratory disease have a 53-lb decrease in finished weights and decreased quality grades compared with healthy cattle. Many stressors influence post-arrival health and nutrient intake, including weaning, marketing, transportation, co-mingling, genetics, previous nutrition, and health history. These stressors can negatively affect the immune system at a time when the animal is more likely to be exposed to infectious agents within the bovine respiratory disease complex. Feed intake by stressed calves is low, and low nutrient intake likely increases the negative effects of …

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Mga And Growth Promotants Administered To Beef Feedlot Heifers Have No Effect On Subsequent Oocyte Quality Or In Vitro Embryo Production (2012), N. Miller, David M. Grieger, Karol E. Fike Jan 2012

Mga And Growth Promotants Administered To Beef Feedlot Heifers Have No Effect On Subsequent Oocyte Quality Or In Vitro Embryo Production (2012), N. Miller, David M. Grieger, Karol E. Fike

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Beef feedlot heifers have the potential to serve as viable donors of oocytes post-slaughter for in vitro embryo production. Oocyte quality is a critical factor affecting the success of in vitro embryo production and can be influenced by factors such as age and reproductive status, ovarian follicle size, and nutritional status of the donor female. In a conventional feedlot setting, heifers are typically administered steroid-based growth promotants and fed melengestrol acetate (MGA) for suppression of estrus, which increases circulating concentrations of reproductive steroids, particularly estradiol. The effects of these management practices on oocyte quality and numbers are unknown. The purpose …

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Spring Burning Of Native Tallgrass Pastures Influences Diet Composition Of Lactating And Non-Lactating Beef Cows (2012), N.A. Aubel, G.J. Eckerle, L.A. Pacheco, M.J. Macek, L.R. Mundell, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger, Leigh W. Murray Jan 2012

Spring Burning Of Native Tallgrass Pastures Influences Diet Composition Of Lactating And Non-Lactating Beef Cows (2012), N.A. Aubel, G.J. Eckerle, L.A. Pacheco, M.J. Macek, L.R. Mundell, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger, Leigh W. Murray

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Diet selection is a dynamic process because of seasonal changes in animal and plant characteristics. Nutrient requirements of grazing animals are a function of physiological state; moreover, plant characteristics may be altered with prescribed spring burning of native rangelands. Prescribed spring burning is used to improve the average quality of pasture forage by removing old growth and making new plant growth more accessible to grazing cattle. Microhistological analysis of fecal material has been a widely used method for quantifying the botanical composition of a grazing animal's diet since it was first described by Baumgartner and Martin in 1939. Little research …

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Zilmax Alters Blood Constituents Of Finishing Cattle (2012), C.L. Van Bibber, James S. Drouillard Jan 2012

Zilmax Alters Blood Constituents Of Finishing Cattle (2012), C.L. Van Bibber, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of Zilmax (Merck Animal Health, Summit, NJ) on changes in blood metabolites. Zilmax is a feed additive designed to improve production efficiency in cattle when fed during the last phase at the feedlot. Zilmax works by redirecting the energy use in the body to form more lean muscle at the expense of fat deposition. The blood metabolites measured in our experiment were glucose and lactate, which are the energy sources for various body functions including muscle growth. Plasma urea nitrogen was measured as an indicator of protein catabolism. Non-esterified fatty …

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Led Lighting Extends Color Shelf Life For Three Beef Products Compared With Fluorescent Lighting (2012), K.S. Steele, M.J. Weber, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, A.S. Lobaton-Sulabo, C. Cundith, Y.H. Hiebert, K.A. Abrolat, J.M. Attey, S.D. Clark, D. Johnson Jan 2012

Led Lighting Extends Color Shelf Life For Three Beef Products Compared With Fluorescent Lighting (2012), K.S. Steele, M.J. Weber, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, A.S. Lobaton-Sulabo, C. Cundith, Y.H. Hiebert, K.A. Abrolat, J.M. Attey, S.D. Clark, D. Johnson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Consumers are not able to estimate tenderness, juiciness, or flavor when selecting beef cuts at retail stores. Instead, they rely on color as one of the major criteria to select beef cuts. During refrigerated display, fresh meat color changes and consumers discriminate against discolored meats. Meat items with discoloration must be discounted or discarded, leading to up to $1 billion in revenue loss nationally for the meat industry. Lighting type and intensity have a major impact on the appearance and shelf life of fresh beef in refrigerated retail display. Light emitting diode (LED) lighting offers advantages for display because it …

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Steam-Generation Cooking Versus Dry Heat Convection Of Beef Roasts Differing In Connective Tissue (2012), L.J. Bowers, Michael E. Dikeman, Leigh W. Murray, Sally L. Stroda Jan 2012

Steam-Generation Cooking Versus Dry Heat Convection Of Beef Roasts Differing In Connective Tissue (2012), L.J. Bowers, Michael E. Dikeman, Leigh W. Murray, Sally L. Stroda

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Foodservice managers strive to control factors that affect yield, serving cost, and palatability of beef. Beef roasts are traditionally roasted at temperatures from 325°F to 350°F for both home and institutional use. Roasts relatively high in connective tissue cooked with moist heat generally are more tender than when cooked with dry heat. Roasts cooked to 150, 160, or 170°F could be expected to have cooking losses ranging from 20% to over 40%. The issue of cooking loss led Winston Industries to develop the CVap Cook and Hold Vapor Oven (Winston Industries, Louisville, KY). CVap technology controls evaporation by creating a …

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Director's Report Of Research In Kansas 2012, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station Jan 2012

Director's Report Of Research In Kansas 2012, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This report contains the title, author, and publication information for manuscripts published by station scientists.

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Carryover Effects Of Crude Glycerin Fed During The Growing Phase On Finishing Cattle Performance And Carcass Characteristics, C. C. Aperce, J. S. Drouillard Jan 2012

Carryover Effects Of Crude Glycerin Fed During The Growing Phase On Finishing Cattle Performance And Carcass Characteristics, C. C. Aperce, J. S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Crude glycerin is a byproduct of biodiesel production, and its use as a feedstuff for cattle has expanded in the last decade due to increased availability and favorable pricing compared with other energy concentrates such as cereal grains. Incorporation of glycerin into cereal-based finishing diets, at levels up to 8%, has been shown to improve cattle performance; however, it decreases activity of cellulolytic microorganisms in the rumen, ultimately decreasing fiber digestion. Most of the studies conducted to date have evaluated glycerin in finishing diets that contain relatively small amounts of fiber, but little is known of its value as an …

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Comparison Of Pig Restraint, Sampling Methods, And Analysis On Blood Lactate Concentration (2012), B L. Buzzard, L N. Edwards-Callaway, D B. Anderson, T E. Engle, T Grandin, Robert D. Goodband Jan 2012

Comparison Of Pig Restraint, Sampling Methods, And Analysis On Blood Lactate Concentration (2012), B L. Buzzard, L N. Edwards-Callaway, D B. Anderson, T E. Engle, T Grandin, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of the study was to examine the effects of restraint and blood sampling method on blood lactate concentration (LAC) in pigs. Restraint methods used were snaring or restraint with sorting boards. Blood was sampled from 120 pigs at approximately 165 d of age (278.0 ± 6.4 lb) over 2 consecutive days. Each day, 30 pigs were sampled per method. All pigs were housed in one barn, and pigs in adjacent pens were not sampled simultaneously. Snaring consisted of a trained handler snaring each pig while blood was collected via jugular venipuncture (approximately 7 mL). Restraint with sorting boards …

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Effects Of Feeder Design (Conventional Dry Vs. Wet-Dry) On Growth Performance Of 45- To 246-Lb Pigs (2012), S Nitikanchana, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

Effects Of Feeder Design (Conventional Dry Vs. Wet-Dry) On Growth Performance Of 45- To 246-Lb Pigs (2012), S Nitikanchana, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,253 pigs (PIC 1050 × 337; initially 45 lb) were used in a 104-d study to evaluate the effects of using a wet-dry (WD) or conventional dry (CD) feeder on growth performance of growing-finishing pigs. At the start of the trial, pens of pigs were weighed and randomly allotted to 1 of the 2 feeder types. The CD feeder was a single-sided, 56-in.-wide, stainless steel feeder (Thorp Equipment, Inc., Thorp, WI) with 4 14-in. feeding spaces and a 4.25-in.-deep trough. A cup waterer in pens using CD feeders ensured ad libitum access to water as well as …

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Effect Of Diet Form And Feeder Adjustment On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2012), J E. Nemechek, E Fruge, E Hansen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

Effect Of Diet Form And Feeder Adjustment On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2012), J E. Nemechek, E Fruge, E Hansen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of feeder adjustment and diet form on growth performance of nursery pigs. In Exp. 1, a total of 210 nursery pigs (PIC 1050 × 327, initially 26.2 lb BW) were used in a 21-d trial. In Exp. 2, a total of 1,005 nursery pigs (Fast × PIC sows × TR4 boars, initially 31.1 lb BW) were used in a 28-d trial. Treatments in both experiments were arranged as 2 × 3 factorials with main effects of feeder adjustment and diet form. The 2 feeder adjustments consisted of a narrow feeder adjustment (minimum …

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Determining The Effects Of Standardized Ileal Digestible Tryptophan:Lysine Ratio And Tryptophan Source In Diets Containing Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2012), S Nitikanchana, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2012

Determining The Effects Of Standardized Ileal Digestible Tryptophan:Lysine Ratio And Tryptophan Source In Diets Containing Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2012), S Nitikanchana, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 2,290 pigs (PIC 1050 × 337; initially 157 lb) were used to determine the effect of tryptophan source (L-tryptophan vs. soybean meal) and increasing SID tryptophan:lysine ratio in diets containing 30% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on finishing pig performance. Pens of pigs were balanced by initial weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 7 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 26 to 28 pigs per pen and 10 to 13 replications per treatment. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial with main effects of tryptophan source (L-tryptophan or soybean meal) and …

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