Life Sciences Commons^™

A Brief History Of Oyster Aquaculture In Rhode Island, Michael Rice

Michael A Rice

A New Species Of Emballonura (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) From The Dry Regions Of Madagascar, Steven M. Goodman, Scott G. Cardiff, Julie Ranivo, Amy L. Russell, Anne D. Yoder

Amy L. Russell

Modeling Extrusion Processing Of Aquaculture Feed Incorporating Distillers Grains, Nehru Chevanan, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, Kurt A. Rosentrater, James L. Julson

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Three ingredient blends were prepared containing 20%, 30% and 40% DDGS and the net protein adjusted to 28% were formulated and extruded in a single screw extruder. Modeling of the viscosity of dough in the barrel by restricting the reference viscosity has shown shear thinning behavior, and the R2 value obtained between the apparent viscosity calculated by the concentric cylinder method, and viscosity calculated by the model equation, was found to be over 0.99. Increasing the DDGS content had resulted in higher mass flow rate and decreased absolute pressure inside the die. The torque requirement at 40% DDGS was also …

Eastern Bluebirds Eject Brown-Headed Cowbird Eggs, Brian D. Peer, Lyndon R. Hawkins, Edwin P. Steinke, Patricia Blair Bollinger, Eric K. Bollinger

Eric K. Bollinger

The relationship between the Brownheaded Cowbird (Molothrus ater) and its cavitynesting hosts has received little attention because of the assumption that cowbirds rarely parasitize these hosts. We tested the Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis), a host that is sometimes heavily parasitized by cowbirds, for egg ejection behavior. Bluebirds ejected 65% of experimentally added cowbird eggs (n = 20), but ejected no experimentally added conspecific eggs (n = 66). This suggests that cowbird parasitism, not conspecific brood parasitism, is the selective pressure responsible for egg ejection in this species. This level of rejection may be conservative because bluebirds nest in dark cavities, …

Phenotypic And Genetic Parameters Of Reproductive Traits For Ayrshire Cattle On Large-Scale Farms In Kenya, Joshua O. Amimo

Joshua O Amimo

No abstract provided.

Use Of Fatty Acid Profiles To Distinguish Between Selected Game Fish And Farm-Raised Channel Catfish, Randy S. Stahl, Brian S. Dorr, Scott C. Barras, John J. Johnston

Brian S Dorr

No abstract provided.

Notch1 Augments Nf- ĸb Activity By Facilitating Its Nuclear Retention, H. M. Shin, Lisa Minter, O.H. Cho, S. Gottipati, A.H. Fauq, T.E. Golde, G.E. Sonenshein, B.A. Osborne

Lisa Minter

Notch1 specifically upregulates expression of the cytokine interferon-gamma in peripheral T cells through activation of NF-kappaB. However, how Notch mediates NF-kappaB activation remains unclear. Here, we examined the temporal relationship between Notch signaling and NF-kappaB induction during T-cell activation. NF-kappaB activation occurs within minutes of T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement and this activation is sustained for at least 48 h following TCR signaling. We used gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI) to prevent the cleavage and subsequent activation of Notch family members. We demonstrate that GSI blocked the later, sustained NF-kappaB activation, but did not affect the initial activation of NF-kappaB. Using biochemical approaches, …

Application Of Broken-Line Analysis To Assess Floor Space Requirements Of Nursery And Grower-Finisher Pigs Expressed On An Allometric Basis, Anna K. Johnson, H. W. Gonyou, M. C. Brumm, E. Bush, J. Deen, S. A. Edwards, T. Fangman, J. J. Mcglone, M. Meunier-Salaun, R. B. Morrison, H. Spoolder, P. L. Sundberg

Anna K. Butters-Johnson

Few issues in swine production are as complex as floor space allowances. One method for pork producers to calculate floor space allowance (A) is to convert BW into a 2-dimensional concept yielding an expression of A = k * BW(0.667). Data on ADG, ADFI, and G:F were obtained from published peer-reviewed studies. Five data sets were created: A = grower-finisher pigs, fully slatted floors, and consistent group size; B = grower-finisher pigs and fully slatted floors (group size did not need to be consistent); C = grower-finisher pigs, partially slatted floors, and consistent group size; D = grower-finisher pigs, partially …

Enhanced Antiscrapie Effect Using Combination Drug Treatment, D. A. Kocisko, B. Caughey, John D. Morrey, R. E. Race

John D. Morrey

Combination treatment with pentosan polysulfate and Fe(III)meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine in mice beginning 14 or 28 days after scrapie inoculation significantly increased survival times. This increase may be synergistic, implying that the compounds act cooperatively in vivo. Combination therapy may therefore be more effective for treatment of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies and other protein-misfolding diseases.

A Porphyrin Increases Survival Time Of Mice After Intracerebral Prion Infection, D. A. Kocisko, W. S. Caughey, R. E. Race, G. Roper, B. Caughey, John D. Morrey

John D. Morrey

Prion diseases, including scrapie, are incurable neurodegenerative disorders. Some compounds can delay disease after a peripheral scrapie inoculation, but few are effective against advanced disease. Here, we tested multiple related porphyrins, but only Fe(III)meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine injected into mouse brains after intracerebral scrapie inoculation substantially increased survival times.

Cutting Edge: Cd4 Is The Receptor For The Tick Saliva Immunosuppressor, Salp15, Juan Anguita, R. Garg, I.J. Juncadella, N. Ramamoorthi, Ashish, S.K. Ananthanarayanan, V. Thomas, M. Rincon, J.K Krueger, E. Fikrig, C.M. Yengo

Juan Anguita

No abstract provided.

Binding The Full-Length Hiv-1 Gp120 To Cd4 Induces Structural Reorientation Around The Gp120 Core, Juan Anguita, R. Ashish, J. Garg, J.K. Kruger

Juan Anguita

No abstract provided.

Politics And Pollen: Mountain Top Removal's Potential Effects Upon Honey Bees, Tammy Horn

Tammy Horn

No abstract provided.

Control Of Borrelia Burgdorferi-Specific Cd4+ T Cell Effector Function By Il-12 And Tcr Induced P38 Map Kinase Activity, Juan Anguita, M.N. Hendrick, C.M. Olsen, D. Conze, T.C. Bates, M. Rincon

Juan Anguita

No abstract provided.

Animal Carcinogenicity Studies: 1. Poor Human Predictivity, Andrew Knight, Jarrod Bailey, Jonathan P. Balcombe

Jonathan Balcombe, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Size Selectivity Of Purse Seines In The Southern Philippines Multispecies Tuna Fisheries, Michael A. Rice, Joseph T. Dealteris, Samuel E. Resma

Michael A Rice

The multi-species Philippine tuna purse seine fishery targets three tuna species: skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus). These are highly migratory pelagic fishes that grow to different maximum lengths and weights. At present there is no mesh size regulation specific to the fishery in the Philippines although tuna purse seines generally use 8.9cm (3.5 in) mesh size in the bunt of the net. An empirical analysis was conducted to compare the catches of purse seine nets with two different mesh sizes in the top portion of the bunt: 8.9cm and 12.7cm. Field measurements of …

Aquaculture In Tanzania, Michael A. Rice, Aviti J. Mmochi, Lugazo Zubieri, Rebecca M. Savoie

Michael A Rice

Aquaculture in Tanzania is represented primarily by the culture if seaweeds, Kappaphycus alvarezi and Eucheuma denticulatum as source of carageenan for food additives. During the 1950s, there was considerable effort to establish freshwater pond culture of tilapia in the country, but the projects proved to be unfeasible due to robust capture fisheries in lakes and rivers and a lack of transportation and infrastructure to access distant markets. There has been some culture of penaeid shrmp in brackish ponds, and renewed interest in pond culture of tilapia. A number of species are being cultured experimentally, including milkfish, giant clams (Tridacna gigas) …

Animal Carcinogenicity Studies: Implications For The Reach System, Andrew Knight, Jarrod Bailey, Jonathan P. Balcombe

Jonathan Balcombe, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Laboratory Environments And Rodents' Behavioural Needs: A Review, Jonathan P. Balcombe

Jonathan Balcombe, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.