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Animal Sciences

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2002

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Articles 1 - 30 of 95

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Using Heart Girth To Determine Weight In Finishing Pigs (2002), C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, M G. Young, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Using Heart Girth To Determine Weight In Finishing Pigs (2002), C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, M G. Young, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heart girth and body weight were measured on 100 growing-finishing pigs (50 to 273 lb) at the KSU Swine Teaching and Research Center. Heart girth, in inches, was measured using a cloth measuring tape. The tape was placed directly behind the front legs and then wrapped around the heart girth and read directly behind the shoulders. Heart girth was strongly correlated (R2=0 .98) with body weight, with the following regression equation: pig weight = 10.1709 × Heart girth - 205.7492. The 95% confidence interval shows the projected weight to be ±10 lb of the actual weight of the pig. To …

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Supplementation Of L-Carnitine And Paylean Improve Growth Performance Of Pigs In A Commercial Finishing Facility (2002), B W. James, K Q. Owen, J C. Woodworth, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Supplementation Of L-Carnitine And Paylean Improve Growth Performance Of Pigs In A Commercial Finishing Facility (2002), B W. James, K Q. Owen, J C. Woodworth, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our previous experiments evaluating the interactive effects of dietary L-carnitine and Paylean have primarily focused on improved meat quality benefits of feeding carnitine in combination with Paylean. Although there were numeric trends for improved growth performance in the previous experiments conducted at university facilities, the responses were not statistically significant. A recent study conducted in a commercial finishing facility demonstrated improved growth performance in pigs fed carnitine for the 4-week period prior to slaughter. The cause for the growth response observed in the commercial facility compared to the two previous studies conducted at a university research facility may have been …

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The Optimal True Ileal Digestible Lysine Requirement For Nursery Pigs Between 27 To 44 Lb (2002), B W. James, C W. Hastad, K R. Lawrence, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

The Optimal True Ileal Digestible Lysine Requirement For Nursery Pigs Between 27 To 44 Lb (2002), B W. James, C W. Hastad, K R. Lawrence, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 20-d growth assay was conducted to determine the appropriate true ileal digestible lysine requirement to maximize growth performance of pigs between 27 to 44 lb. The basal diet (1.0% true ileal digestible lysine; 20.1% CP) was corn-soybean meal-based and was formulated to contain 3% added fat. Sand was substituted with L-lysineâ‹…HCl to form the other treatment diets (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4% true ileal digestible lysine). The positive control contained more soybean meal than the basal diet (44.2 vs. 32.2% of the diet) and no L-lysineâ‹…HCl to provide 1.3% true ileal digestible lysine. Growth performance improved (quadratic, P<0.04) with increasing true ileal digestible lysine and was maximized at 1.1% true ileal digestible lysine. Feed efficiency was better (quadratic, P<0.01) for pigs fed increasing true ileal digestible lysine and was best for pigs fed 1.3% true ileal digestible lysine. These results indicate that the true ileal digestible lysine requirement for the 27 to 44 lb pig is at least 1.1% for ADG and 1.3% for feed efficiency.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 2002

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Effect Of Dose Of Chlorate On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2002), T E. Burkey, J Ernest Minton, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Effect Of Dose Of Chlorate On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2002), T E. Burkey, J Ernest Minton, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 14-day growth study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding varied levels of chlorate on weanling pig growth performance. A previous experiment with weanling pigs fed diets containing added chlorate (800 ppm) resulted in numerical decreases in ADG, ADFI and F/G as compared to diets with no added antimicrobial, a commonly used antimicrobial (carbadox), or another feed additive, mannanoliogsaccharide. The negative effects of feeding 800 ppm chlorate were confirmed in this study. Additionally, the current trial demonstrated that pigs fed diets containing 200 ppm sodium chlorate had greater ADG, ADFI, and d 14 average weights than pigs fed …

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Evaluation Of Wheat Gluten And Spray-Dried Animal Plasma On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2002), K R. Lawrence, C W. Hastad, S M. Hanni, M R. Barker, B W. James, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Evaluation Of Wheat Gluten And Spray-Dried Animal Plasma On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2002), K R. Lawrence, C W. Hastad, S M. Hanni, M R. Barker, B W. James, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 440 weanling pigs (initially 14.3 lb) were used in two studies to evaluate the effects of increasing wheat gluten (WG) and spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) on growth performance of early weaned pigs. In Exp. 1, the six dietary treatments included a negative control, containing no wheat gluten or animal plasma, the control diet containing either 3, 6, 9, or 12% lightly modified spray-dried wheat gluten, and a positive control diet containing 5% spray-dried animal plasma. The diets containing 9% WG and 5% SDAP had the same amount of soybean meal to make a direct comparison of the …

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Effect Of Dexamethasone Injection At Birth On Growth Performance Of Pigs From Birth To Weaning (2002), M G. Young, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Effect Of Dexamethasone Injection At Birth On Growth Performance Of Pigs From Birth To Weaning (2002), M G. Young, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 82 litters were used in a 21-day study to evaluate the effect of injecting litters of pigs with dexamethasone within 24 hours of birth on growth rate from birth to weaning. Experimental treatments consisted of an injection of 1 mg dexamethasone solution (2mg/mL, Prolab Ltd, St. Joseph, MO) to all pigs within a litter, while pigs in control litters did not receive a dexamethasone injection. There was no difference in growth rate from birth to weaning between pigs injected with dexamethasone and control pigs. Number of pigs weaned per litter and preweaning mortality were not different. In …

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Phosphorus Requirements Of Grow-Finish Pigs Raised In A Commercial Environment (2002), C W. Hastad, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Phosphorus Requirements Of Grow-Finish Pigs Raised In A Commercial Environment (2002), C W. Hastad, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We conducted three experiments to identify available phosphorus (aP) requirements of pigs reared in commercial facilities. In a pilot study (Exp. 1), 600 gilts (PIC, initially 95.2 lb) were randomly allotted to a low or high dietary P regimen in a 98-d study. Pigs were phase-fed six diets from 95 to 106, 106 to 150, 150 to 183, 183 to 212, 212 to 245, and 245 to 267 lb. Corresponding aP concentrations were: 0.30, 0.28, 0.27, 0.27, 0.24, and 0.19% (low) and 0.37, 0.33, 0.30, 0.28, 0.27, and 0.26% (high). No differences were observed (P>0.10) in ADG and overall …

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Linear Effects Of Increasing Weaning Age In Three-Site Production (2002), R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Linear Effects Of Increasing Weaning Age In Three-Site Production (2002), R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies were conducted to measure the biologic and economic effects of weaning age in a three-site production system. Wean-to-finish growth and financial performance improved linearly as weaning age increased up to 21.5 days. Data from these trials were modeled to determine the linear rates of improvement observed as weaning age increased from 15 to 21.5 days. Each day increase in weaning age increased initial weight (taken prior to weaning) 0.565 ± 0.009 lb and weight sold to slaughter 3.71 ± 0.32 lb per pig weaned. In the financial analysis, income over cost increased $0.94 ± 0.07 per wean age …

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Effects Of Mannanoligosaccharide And Sodium Chlorate On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs During An Acute Enteric Disease Challenge With Salmonella Enterica Serotype Typhimurium (2002), T E. Burkey, Jerome C. Nietfeld, B J. Johnson, J Ernest Minton, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Effects Of Mannanoligosaccharide And Sodium Chlorate On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs During An Acute Enteric Disease Challenge With Salmonella Enterica Serotype Typhimurium (2002), T E. Burkey, Jerome C. Nietfeld, B J. Johnson, J Ernest Minton, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 28-day experiment was conducted to compare the effects of feeding mannanoligosaccharides (mannan) and sodium chlorate (chlorate) to weanling pigs as a possible substitute for the commonly used antimicrobialcarbadox. Pigs were fed experimental diets for 2 wk, then challenged orally with Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium to establish enteric disease. Average daily gain and ADFI were greater for pigs fed carbadox than all other treatments in the 2 wk following infection. During the first week after infection, pigs fed chlorate had greater G/F than control pigs, and pigs fed mannan tended to have greater G/F than control pigs. There were no …

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Effects Of Weaning Age On Pig Performance In Three-Site Production (2002), R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Effects Of Weaning Age On Pig Performance In Three-Site Production (2002), R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials (n = 5,728 weaned pigs) were conducted to determine the effects of weaning age (12 to 21.5 days) on pig performance in a three-site production system. The second trial also examined the effects of modifying nursery feed budgets according to weaning age. In both studies, wean-to-finish ADG, mortality rate, average pig gain per days postweaning, and pounds sold per pig weaned improved linearly as weaning age increased. The improvements in growth rate and mortality largely occurred in the initial 42- days post-weaning, with some ongoing growth improvement to slaughter. Modifying nursery feed budgets did not affect wean-to-finish growth …

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Roundup 2002 Jan 2002

Roundup 2002

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Roundup is the major beef cattle education and outreach event sponsored by the Agricultural Research Center-Hays. The purpose is to communicate timely, applicable research information to producers and extension personnel. The research program of the Agricultural Research Center-Hays is dedicated to serving the people of Kansas by developing new knowledge and technology to stabilize and sustain long-term production of food and fiber in a manner consistent with conservation of natural resources, protection of the environment, and assurance of food safety. Primary emphasis is on production efficiency through optimization of inputs in order to increase profit margins for producers in the …

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Steam-Flaked Corn Diets Containing Combinations Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Alfalfa Hay: Effects On Diet Digestibility And Ruminal Characteristics (2002), J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, T.B. Farran, C.M. Coetzer, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2002

Steam-Flaked Corn Diets Containing Combinations Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Alfalfa Hay: Effects On Diet Digestibility And Ruminal Characteristics (2002), J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, T.B. Farran, C.M. Coetzer, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve ruminally cannulated Jersey steers were used to measure digestibility and ruminal characteristics of steam-flaked corn based diets containing combinations of wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) and alfalfa hay (AH). Starch intake was lower (P<0.05), but neutral detergent fiber intake was higher (P<0.05) as AH and WCGF increased in the diet. Ruminal pH was increased by AH (linear, P<0.05) and tended (P<0.07) to increase with WCGF. Feeding higher levels of WCGF tended to increase passage rate (P=0.17) and decreased (P<0.05) total tract organic matter digestibility. Flaked corn diets containing at least 25% WCGF may contribute enough roughage to allow reduction of alfalfa hay levels.

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Improving The Utilization Of Soybean Hulls By Cattle With Digestive Enzyme And Dietary Buffer Supplementation (2002), C.A. Löest, E.C. Tigemeyer, B.J. Johnson, A.M. Trater, B.D. Lambert, James S. Drouillard Jan 2002

Improving The Utilization Of Soybean Hulls By Cattle With Digestive Enzyme And Dietary Buffer Supplementation (2002), C.A. Löest, E.C. Tigemeyer, B.J. Johnson, A.M. Trater, B.D. Lambert, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (749 lb) were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment to evaluate the benefits of supplementing digestive enzymes and dietary buffers to a soybean hull-based diet fed to steers once daily at 15.4 lb/day (as fed basis). Treatments were arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial with factors being two levels (0 and 3 grams/day) of digestive enzymes and two levels (0 and 93 grams/day) of dietary buffers. Buffers and enzymes were thoroughly mixed with the soybean hull-based diet to provide a completely mixed ration. Digestive enzyme or buffer supplementation increased (P≤0.06) diet …

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The Effect Of Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles Of Varying Levels On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks (2002), C.M. Gordon, K.A. Hachmeister, James J. Higgins, A.L. Reicks, James S. Drouillard, Randall K. Phebus, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2002

The Effect Of Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles Of Varying Levels On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks (2002), C.M. Gordon, K.A. Hachmeister, James J. Higgins, A.L. Reicks, James S. Drouillard, Randall K. Phebus, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the effect of varying levels of Dakota Gold-brand dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) on meat quality characteristics including sensory traits and display color stability. Rib cuts from heifers from a 153-day feeding trial were selected randomly so that each level of DDGS had 10 steaks in a seven-day retail display color study, and 10 steaks that were cooked for evaluation by a trained sensory panel. Color reflectance value L* (lightness) exhibited an interaction (P<0.05) between diet and day, as well as a quadratic effect (P<0.05). Diet had no effect on a* (redness) or b* (yellowness) values, but a* and b* for all treatments decreased with longer display (P<0.05). A trained sensory panel detected small but significant (P<0.05) linear improvements in myofibrillar tenderness and overall tenderness as DDGS increased. The effect on sensory traits or display color stability were too small to warrant the feeding of DDGS to improve these traits.

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Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization Of Beef Salami For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2002

Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization Of Beef Salami For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the destruction of Listeria monocytogenes on surfaces of artificially inoculated, vacuum-packaged beef salami by steam pasteurization (Stork RMA-Protecon Post-process Pasteurizer). Beef salami was inoculated with L. monocytogenes (initial concentrations of 4.36 log10 CFU/cm2 at the end and 4.49 at the middle), then pasteurized at 185, 194, or 203°F for 2 or 4 min. Only about 0.11 log10 CFU/cm2 (detection limit) L. monocytogenes survived after pasteurization at 203°F for 2 and 4 min, for a "kill rate" of over 99.99%. Post-packaging pasteurization reduces the threat of L. monocytogenes on the surfaces of cooked meat products.

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Practical Aspects Of Beef Carcass Traceability In Commercial Beef Processing Plants Using An Electronic Identification System (2002), J.R. Davis, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2002

Practical Aspects Of Beef Carcass Traceability In Commercial Beef Processing Plants Using An Electronic Identification System (2002), J.R. Davis, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The use of an electronic identification (EID) system in slaughter facilities holds great potential as a tool for animal and carcass traceability, if used as part of a comprehensive carcass tracking system. However, the correct association of each carcass with its individual EID tag number may be hindered at several points during the slaughter process. For 2,994 cattle slaughtered in 14 lots and bearing buttontype, full duplex EID ear tags, 113 (3.92%) had non-functional tags, 16 (0.53%) had no tag, and 37 extra head were introduced accidentally into one of our lots. Of the 2,994 carcasses, 71 (2.37%) were railed …

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Effects Of Tallow And Ground Flaxseed On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks (2002), H.J. Labrune, K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, James S. Drouillard, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2002

Effects Of Tallow And Ground Flaxseed On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks (2002), H.J. Labrune, K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, James S. Drouillard, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-eight ribeye steaks from steers fed diets containing steam-flaked corn (SFC), steam-flaked corn with tallow (SFC/Tallow), or steam-flaked corn with rolled flaxseed (Flax) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary fat on sensory traits, retail display color stability, and fatty acid composition. Steaks from Flax-fed steers had increased deposition of α linolenic acid (C18:3n3, an omega-3 fatty acid; P<0.01) and developed a detectable off-flavor (P<0.05) when compared to those of cattle fed SFC and SFC/Tallow. There were no differences in tenderness, juiciness, or flavor intensity (P>0.10) among the three treatments. Steaks from cattle fed SFC retained a desirable color longer than those from cattle fed Flax (P<0.05) which may be attributable to premature lipid oxidation in steaks from cattle fed Flax. This study suggests that altering the fat in the diet may affect flavor and color stability of the meat. Feeding flaxseed can effectively alter composition of carcass tissues to yield beef that is high in omega-3 fatty acids, which may lead to premature lipid oxidation.

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Effects Of Weather On Average Daily Gain And Profitability (2002), D.R. Mark, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2002

Effects Of Weather On Average Daily Gain And Profitability (2002), D.R. Mark, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of several weather conditions on average daily gain (ADG) and profits is quantified for typical steers and heifers fed in commercial feedyards in Western Kansas from 1980 to 1999. ADG predictions for particular pens of cattle are often used to plan marketing dates and calculate breakeven purchase prices. Weather is known to influence cattle performance, and expected weather conditions can be used to improve ADG predictions. Effects on ADG and profits from combinations of, and interactions between, temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind speed were analyzed. The influence of these weather conditions was allowed to differ by sex, placement …

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A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Exposure To Air: Effects Of A Biological Additive And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent Jan 2002

A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Exposure To Air: Effects Of A Biological Additive And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objectives of this study with whole-plant corn silage were to determine the effects of a biological additive and sealing technique on yeast and mold populations; and to examine the relationship between the microbial and chemical changes in the silages during exposure to air. Whole-plant corn was harvested at 80% milkline (36% DM), and ensiled at a density of 35 lb of fresh matter/ft3. Half of the pre-ensiled forage was treated with a biological additive (A) (Sil-All 4x4, Alltech, Inc.); the other half of the pre-ensiled forage was the untreated control (C). Half of the silos in the A and …

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Effects Of Cooking Beef Muscles From Frozen Or Thawed States On Cooking Traits And Palatability (2002), E. Obuz, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2002

Effects Of Cooking Beef Muscles From Frozen Or Thawed States On Cooking Traits And Palatability (2002), E. Obuz, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used an electric belt grill to cook steaks from two muscles; outside round (biceps femoris), and loin strip (longissimus lumborum) from both frozen and thawed states. The color values L* and a*, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), juiciness, flavor, connective tissue amount, and overall tenderness did not differ (P>0.05) between steaks cooked from frozen and thawed states. Thawed steaks cooked faster and had less cooking loss. The biceps femoris had higher WBSF than longissimus and was rated less tender by trained panelists. Color values L*, a*, or b* did not differ (P>0.05) among the muscles. The biceps femoris …

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Maximizing Desirable Ground Beef Color With Cold Storage And Display Temperatures (2002), R.A. Mancini, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, K.A. Hachmeister, D.E. Johnson, John A. Fox Jan 2002

Maximizing Desirable Ground Beef Color With Cold Storage And Display Temperatures (2002), R.A. Mancini, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, K.A. Hachmeister, D.E. Johnson, John A. Fox

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study evaluated the combined effects of storage temperature, storage time, display temperature, display time, and fat level on ground beef color. Storage at 32°F minimized discoloration during display compared to storage at 40° and 48°F. Storage up to 12 days at 32°F did not affect ground beef color stability, whereas prolonged storage at 40° and 48°F increased discoloration dramatically. When storage was at 32°F, sales loss was 0.4%, compared to 62% at 48°F. Fat level did not influence discoloration. The use of 32°F during storage and display is essential for maximizing ground beef color life.

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Surface Roughening During Slicing Reduces Iridescence (2002), T.E. Lawrence, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf Jan 2002

Surface Roughening During Slicing Reduces Iridescence (2002), T.E. Lawrence, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated surface roughening during slicing as a way to decrease iridescence of pre-cooked cured beef bottom round, inside round, and eye of round roasts. Using a textured slicing blade surface decreased iridescence intensity and the area of iridescence compared to the control (smooth surface). Iridescence intensity and percentage of iridescent area was greatest in the eye of round, followed by the inside bottom round. Iridescence (both intensity and percentage of area) in sliced meat products can be reduced by using a meat-slicing blade with a textured face.

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Comparison Of The Beef Empire Days Index With Carcass Pricing For Ranking Beef Carcasses (2002), D.A. King, R.D. Jones, D.E. Schafer, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2002

Comparison Of The Beef Empire Days Index With Carcass Pricing For Ranking Beef Carcasses (2002), D.A. King, R.D. Jones, D.E. Schafer, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our study evaluated the effectiveness of the Beef Empire Days carcass index in ranking beef carcasses compared to rankings based on carcass prices. Two price sets were used: the average prices between January 1998 and June 2001, and a short-range price determined from the average prices between April and September of 2001. Additionally, carcass data from the top live-placing cattle were compared to the data of the highest indexing carcasses. The live show judges were very accurate in selecting for ribeye size. However, they selected cattle that were fatter, but did not marble as well as the high indexing carcasses. …

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Effect Of Phytase Dosage And Source On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2002), B W. James, G L. Lynch, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2002

Effect Of Phytase Dosage And Source On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2002), B W. James, G L. Lynch, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 28-d growth assay was conducted to determine the effect of phytase dosage and source on growth performance of nursery pigs. The nine experimental treatments were control diets (0.13, 0.18, and 0.23% available phosphorus) and phytase (100, 225, or 350 FTU or FYT/kg) from either Natuphos or Ronozyme P added to the 0.13% available P diet. The results of this experiment indicate that increasing available P or phytase level, through 0.23% available P and 350 FTU or FYT/kg, respectively, improves ADG and feed efficiency. Regression analysis of the ADG response indicated that, when adding less than 350 phytase units/kg, each …

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Salmonella Spp. Risk Assessment For Cooking Of Blade Tenderized Prime Rib (2002), J.W. Wendelburg, D.L. Lambert, H. Thippareddi, Curtis L. Kastner, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden Jan 2002

Salmonella Spp. Risk Assessment For Cooking Of Blade Tenderized Prime Rib (2002), J.W. Wendelburg, D.L. Lambert, H. Thippareddi, Curtis L. Kastner, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Prime rib is generally prepared by cooking to low temperatures for long times to attain the desired tenderness and juiciness. Destruction of Salmonella spp. in blade tenderized prime rib was examined by following cooking procedures commonly used by chefs. Beef ribs (boneless) were inoculated with Salmonella spp. to attain initial surface levels of about 5.75 log10 CFU/cm2. The ribs were blade tenderized (one pass) using a Ross blade tenderizer. Each was split into two equal sections. One half was cooked to a target internal temperature of 110 and the other half to 120°F, then tempered at room temperature for up …

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Will Blade Tenderization Decrease Iridescence In Cooked Beef Semitendinosus Muscle? (2002), E. Obuz, Donald H. Kropf Jan 2002

Will Blade Tenderization Decrease Iridescence In Cooked Beef Semitendinosus Muscle? (2002), E. Obuz, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ten beef semitendinosus muscles were divided into three sections, which were randomly assigned to one of three blade tenderization treatments (control-zero, one, or two times). Blade-tenderized muscles were cooked in a forced-air convection oven at 325° to 145°F and held for 1 min. Cooked muscles were chilled overnight at 38°F and sliced by a sharp knife. Panelists (n=19) evaluated iridescence intensity on a five-point scale (0=no iridescence, 5=very strong) and extent of iridescence (0=no iridescence, 5=81-100% affected area). Blade tenderization decreased (P<0.05) iridescence intensity from 2.37 to 2.02 and extent of iridescence from 2.18 to 1.83 (control zero vs. two passes). Cooking loss increased (P<0.05) with blade tenderization (30.4% control, 32.6% one pass, 33.7% two passes). Blade tenderization has a moderate effect on reducing iridescence.

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Factors Affecting The Price Paid For Spring-Yearling Bulls (2002), T.T. Marston, L.E. Wankel, Daniel W. Moser Jan 2002

Factors Affecting The Price Paid For Spring-Yearling Bulls (2002), T.T. Marston, L.E. Wankel, Daniel W. Moser

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Many factors are considered when commercial cow/calf producers buy bulls. Breeding system needs and breeder's preference determine which breed of bull will be purchased at a multi-breed sale. Our analysis of prices paid for bulls tested and sold through the Kansas Bull Test Station indicates that bull consigners' reputations and marketing techniques influence the price received for bulls at such an event. Individual performance and genetic potential are other areas of interest to bull buyers. Buying habits and prices indicate that commercial cow/calf operations use different traits, depending on the breed, to enhance their cowherd's production.

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Effect Of Legume Persistence In Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Pastures On Forage Production And Steer Performance (2002), Lyle W. Lomas, Joseph L. Moyer, Gary L. Kilgore Jan 2002

Effect Of Legume Persistence In Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Pastures On Forage Production And Steer Performance (2002), Lyle W. Lomas, Joseph L. Moyer, Gary L. Kilgore

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 135 steers grazed high-endophyte tall fescue pasture in 1998, 1999, and 2000 that had been previously interseeded with either lespedeza, red clover, or ladino clover during 1995, 1996, and 1997. Legume cover, forage dry matter production, grazing steer performance, and subsequent feedlot performance were measured. Pastures interseeded with ladino clover produced higher stocker gains in 1998 and more available forage and legume cover in all 3 years than those interseeded with lespedeza or red clover. Legume treatment had little effect on subsequent finishing performance. Results of this study indicate that lespedeza and red clover should be seeded …

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Effects Of End-Point Temperature, Reheating, Holding Time, And Holding Temperature On Beef Tenderness (2002), E. Obuz, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2002

Effects Of End-Point Temperature, Reheating, Holding Time, And Holding Temperature On Beef Tenderness (2002), E. Obuz, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We cooked steaks from two muscles; outside round (biceps femoris), and strip loin (longissimus lumborum) with an electric belt grill. Biceps femoris steaks had higher Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), connective tissue force (WB Cforce), and myofibrillar force (WB Mforce) values than longissimus lumborum steaks. Holding biceps femoris steaks at 144°F after cooking increased WB C-force (P<0.05) and WB M-force (P<0.01) as compared to holding them at 135°F. Holding biceps femoris steaks for 15 min decreased shear force by 12%, whereas the decrease was only 3% from holding for 30 min, likely because more moisture was lost with the longer holding time. Reheating had the only significant effect on longissimus lumborum steaks' WB measures because low collagen content of this muscle is not affected by holding time or temperature.

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Director's Report Of Research In Kansas 2001, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station Jan 2002

Director's Report Of Research In Kansas 2001, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This report contains the title, author, and publication information for manuscripts published by station scientists. It also contains a list of the research projects that were active during that period and a financial statement for the fiscal year.

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