Life Sciences Commons^™

G77-346 Land Use Decisions, Duane A. Olsen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

New challenges associated with scarce energy and the natural environment have focused attention upon the conflict between public and private interests in land. A review of the characteristics of these public and private interests seems useful for the evaluation of present and future land use policies.

G77-334 Timber Sale Contracts, Rick Hamilton

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

A good contract protects both seller and buyer from legal problems arising from the harvest and sale of standing timber.

A timber sale contract is a legally binding written document governing the terms of a timber sale. A good contract protects both seller and buyer from legal problems arising from the harvest and sale of standing timber.

Timber has historically been sold under gentlemen's agreements. These verbal agreements have caused seller and buyer dissatisfaction and loss of trust. A contract clarifies the obligations of both parties prior to timber harvest.

G77-357 Selecting Alfalfa Varieties For Nebraska (Revised December 1997), Bruce Anderson, Michael Trammell, Patrick E. Reece

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Yield potential, pest resistance and seed price all should be considered in selecting alfalfa varieties in Nebraska. This NebGuide discusses them.

The most important variety decision made on many farms and ranches is the selection of alfalfa. The choice of alfalfa variety affects production for three to 10 or more years, whereas varieties of annual crops can be changed every year.

Many alfalfa varieties are available from private and public plant breeders. Over the years, yield trials conducted at widely distributed Nebraska locations have tested most varieties sold in the state.

Heg77-76 Pressing Methods (Revised April 1981), Thelma Thompson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses pressing methods that will not mar or distort the fabric.

A skillful job of pressing requires time, practice and the use of methods that will not mar the fabric. Pressing should not make the fabric shine, flatten the pile or nap, or distort the texture or weave.

Pressing is not ironing. In ironing, the iron is pushed from one spot to another in an unbroken motion to remove wrinkles. In pressing, the iron is lifted up and set down in a particular spot to flatten or shape small areas. To prevent the fabric from stretching, do not …

G77-328 Irrigation Water Quality Criteria, Gary W. Hergert, Delno Knudsen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide is intended to provide guidelines to help understand and interpret chemical water quality test results.

All well and stream waters contain dissolved minerals. The amounts and kinds of minerals vary from one location to another and may vary with time. When irrigation water is applied, the mineral salts are left in the soil after the crop has used the water. Most of these mineral salts are beneficial to crop growth and soil condition, but in some cases they may be harmful. Irrigation water quality problems may be caused by (1) total mineral salts accumulating so that crops no …

G77-367 Cost Components Of The Farm-Retail Price Spread For Beef, Allen Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The farm-retail spread for beef is the difference between the retail price of 1 pound of Choice beef and the farm value of live Choice steer, less the value of the by-products (hide, tallow, etc.).

This NebGuide discusses the trends, costs and profits, problems of price spreads.

G77-338 Open Burning (Revised March 1984), Donald E. Westover

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

People have been using fire in their cleanup chores for hundreds of years. One of the most common reasons for burning on the farm and in the city alike, has been to dispose of leaves and garden residues in the spring and fall of the year. Another common practice has been to burn tree limbs and stumps, fence posts, even old haystacks on the farm. Open burning has been done on a variety of scales, from jobs as small as burning the day's trash in the backyard burning barrel to jobs as large as burning wheat stubble after harvest.

G77-326 Clostridial Diseases Of Cattle (Revised September 1981), W.B. Wren, Duane N. Rice

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The Clostridial diseases are a group of frequently fatal infections caused by bacteria belonging to the group called Clostridia. These organisms have the ability to form protective shell-like forms called spores when exposed to adverse conditions. This allows them to remain potentially infective in soils for long periods of time, presenting a significant danger to the livestock population. Many of the organisms in this group are also normally present in the intestines of man and animals.

This NebGuide discusses the different clostridial diseases found in cattle.

G77-339 Price Spreads For Beef And Pork, Allen C. Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The price spreads for beef and pork are determined by calculating the differences between prices at three marketing levels: farm (live animals), wholesale (carcass or wholesale cuts), and retail (average of retail cuts). Three price spreads, farm-wholesale, wholesale-retail, and farm-retail can be estimated from these prices. Farm-to-retail price spreads for beef and pork represent the total marketnig charges for processing and distribution from farm gate through retail counter and are discussed in this NebGuide.

G77-327 Acute Bovine Pulmonary Emphysema, James H. Bailey

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The disease, Acute Bovine Pulmonary Emphysema, has been recognized for many years and under many different names including "Pulmonary Adenomatosis," "Panters," "Lungers," "Bovine Asthma," "Fog Fever," and "Atypical Interstitial Pneumonia." It is characterized by sudden onset of acute respiratory distress with the affected animals producing an audible grunting noise when they exhale.

The cause, occurrence, clinical findings, treatment, prevention and control are covered in this NebGuide.

G77-357 Selecting Alfalfa Varieties For Nebraska (Revised December 1994), Bruce Anderson, David Holshouser, Patrick E. Reece, Michael Trammell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The most important variety decision made on many farms and ranches is the selection of alfalfa varieties. The choice of alfalfa variety affects production for three to 10 or more years.

Yield potential, pest resistance and seed price all should be considered in selecting alfalfa varieties in Nebraska. This NebGuide discusses them.

G77-350 Mineral Nutrition Of Range Beef Cattle, Marvin W. Heeney

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Minerals play a very important role in the well-being of the range beef herd. Minerals are essential for practically all of the metabolic functions of the beef animals. Minerals are classified as 1) major and 2) minor or trace. The major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chlorine and sulfur. The trace minerals include copper, cobalt, iodine, iron, manganese and zinc.

Each mineral is discussed here in terms of its function, deficiency symptoms and availability in the range beef cattle diet.

G77-381 Suggestions For Making Family Farm And Ranch Operating Agreements Work, Philip A. Henderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Both parents and young people are interested in ways to help the younger generation get started in farming. The kinds of arrangements being used are many. No two are exactly alike. Families have different objectives; different resources are involved, and the relative contributions which involved parties make are unique to each family situation.

There are certain principles, however, that need to be recognized in every family farm or ranch operating agreement and they are discussed here in this NebGuide.

G77-378 Odor Controls As Affected By Nuisance Laws, John M. Sweeten, Donald R. Levi

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Confined feeding operations are subject to both public and private air pollution regulation. Public regulation is focused primarily on preventing measurable levels of emissions to the atmosphere. On the other hand, subjective human tolerance levels serve as the basis for private regulation of the environment. The impact of public and private regulatory schemes on feedlots will be reviewed in this NebGuide.

Ec77-865 Have It Your Way By Making A Will, John R. Uhrich, J. David Aiken, Philip A. Henderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Making a will is not the sad and gloomy picture painted by some people. Quite the contrary! A person who makes a will is creating his or her own blueprint for the future. A will, like life insurance, social security, or retirement plans, provides security and peace of mind. The person who has a will made can rest assured that property and loved ones will be taken care of precisely in the manner he or she desires. This publication presents basic information about wills, one of the most important documents a person can make or possess. This information can be …

G77-374 Seasonal Prices For Meat Animals, Allen C. Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Seasonal variations in livestock prices seem to follow a similar pattern from year to year. For some classes of livestock, these seasonal swings in prices have been quite consistent for a number of years; while others have changed considerably over time.

Seasonal price fluctuations result mostly from seasonal supply changes or variations in marketings. For any given year a cyclical change in price may override the season pattern. Seasonal price changes during the 1972-76 period also were influenced by a price freeze, as well as changes in supply and demand.

Seasonal price changes are important factors to consider in planning …

G77-380 Growing Conifers From Seed, Constance A. Harrington

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses how to grow conifers from seed, including technical terms, collecting and storing seed, and planting and care of the trees.

Growing your own conifer trees from seed is fun and gives you the satisfaction of doing it yourself. The pioneers had to be self-reliant. Many of the old trees in Nebraska were started from seeds the pioneers brought with them or ordered from nurseries in the east or Europe. We are fortunate in having nurseries available to supply a wide variety of planting stock. However, many people are still interested in growing their own seedlings. You may …

Heg77-78 It's About Time, Kathleen Prochaska-Cue

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide looks at a simple time management system.

An unusual resource each of us has is time. It's unusual because you can't save it for tomorrow, you can't borrow today some you had left over yesterday, you can't lend it to someone else, you can't leave it behind, you can't take it with you.

You can do only two things with time; use it now or lose it forever.

G77-337 Propagating House Plants, Dale T. Lindgren, Don Steinegger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Propagating house plants in the home is an inexpensive and enjoyable hobby. The home is not always the ideal place, but most house plants can be propagated there satisfactorily with a minimum of special equipment.

Methods of Propagation

House plants may be propagated asexually, in which all new plants will be identical, in most cases, to the parent plant, or sexually, where the new plants will not necessarily be identical to the parent plants. Plants are propagated sexually by seeds. Cuttings, air-layering, division and runners are asexual methods of propagation.

G77-353 Garden Chrysanthemums, Dale T. Lindgren

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Site selection, soil preparation, planting and care of chrysanthemums are covered here.

Chrysanthemums (mums) are one of the most popular plants for late summer and fall flower gardens in Nebraska. Flower colors include white, yellow, orange, bronze, red, purple and pink. Mums can be classified by several methods, according to flower form and size and plant growth characteristics.

G77-358 Artesian (Confinsed) Aquifers And Effect Of Pumping, Darryll T. Pederson, Deon D. Axthelm

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Nebraskans are concerned about declining water levels in some domestic and stock wells.

Nebraskans are concerned about declining water levels in some domestic and stock wells. Drought and irrigation well development have been major factors. Water level declines have been especially pronounced during the pumping season in places where the aquifer is artesian or confined (a confined aquifer is also referred to as an artesian aquifer). Many domestic and livestock pumps may have to be set deeper in order to yield water. In nearly all cases water levels recover rapidly when the pumping season ends. Large water-level fluctuations are normal …

G77-336 Coccidiosis Of Cattle, Donald L. Ferguson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide contains information on the identification, treatment, and prevention of coccidiosis in cattle.

Coccidiosis continues to be one of the major disease problems for cattle producers. It is caused by microscopic, one-celled parasites, chiefly of the genus Eimeria. Twenty-one species of Eimeria have been reported in cattle. Only two, Eimeria bovis and Eimeria zuernii, are regularly associated with clinical infections in the field.

G77-364 Mycoplasmal Pneumonia And Other Mycoplasmal Diseases Of Swine, Alex Hogg, William P. Switzer, Daniel O. Farrington

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Swine producers are often confused by the complexity of the mycoplasmal infections; this fact sheet is an attempt to clarify the information that is currently available about these swine diseases.

Swine producers are often confused by the complexity of the mycoplasmal infections. This fact sheet is an attempt to clarify the information that is currently available about these swine diseases. There are three recognized Mycoplasma spp. of bacteria that cause disease in pigs--Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyorhinis and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae.

G77-372 Water Requirements For Beef Cattle, Paul Q. Guyer

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Water requirements of cattle are influenced by a number of physiological and environmental conditions. These include such things as the rate and composition of gain, pregnancy, lactation, physical activity, type of ration, salt and dry matter intake, and environmental temperature.

The minimum requirement of cattle for water is a reflection of that needed for body growth, for fetal growth or lactation, and of that lost by excretion in the urine, feces, or sweat or by evaporation from the lungs or skin. Anything influencing these needs or losses will influence the minimum requirement.

Heg77-84 How A Bill Becomes Laws In Nebraska, Janet Wilson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide looks at the steps necessary for a bill to become a law in Nebraska.

The legislative process sometimes seems to be clothed in an aura of mystery. An understanding of the organization of the governing body and the steps involved in the introduction and passage of a bill should help remove some of the mystery.

A bill is an idea for a new law, or an idea to abolish or change an existing law.

Several hundred bills, ideas about many things, enter the legislative process in Nebraska each time the legislature meets.

G77-384 Common Milkweed (Revised July 1984), Alex Martin, O.C. Burnside

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses milkweed and how to control it in farmland.

Common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) is a perennial, broadleaf weed native to North America. It is most common in eastern and central Nebraska, but is occasionally found farther west in moist sites.

G77-330 Estimating Pork Carcass Lean (Revised June 1994), Dennis E. Burson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Four procedures for pork carcass evaluation are given here, along with illustrations.

Pork carcass value is an important factor affecting the profitability of the pork industry. Reproduction traits and growth performance are easily recognized as keys to the profitability and health of the pork industry, yet carcass value also plays an important role. Differences in carcass product value are monetarily recognized by recognizing differences in carcass weight and grade. In addition, the pork industry recognizes that consumption of pork may key on public health concerns relating to reducing fat consumption and the resulting consumer demand for lower fat products.

G77-331 Sampling Feeds For Analyses, Bruce Anderson, Terry L. Mader, Rick Grant

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Sampling is the key to accurate feed analyses and properly balancing livestock rations. Here's how to do it.

Accurate feed analyses are needed to balance livestock rations, correctly price hay, formulate least cost supplements, and efficiently allocate homegrown feeds to the proper class of livestock. Sampling is the most important factor affecting accuracy of feed analyses.

The feed value of most forages varies. Therefore, test forages routinely to determine their best and most economical use. With adequate forage testing, you can develop an accurate forage inventory which allows you to efficiently allocate higher quality forage to high-producing livestock and poorer …

G77-344 Annual Flowers For Specific Uses In Nebraska, Dale T. Lindgren

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Wondering what annual flowers to plant where? This NebGuide can help.

Annual flowers grow from seed, come into flower and die in a single growing season. The following lists of annual flowers are grouped for specific uses in Nebraska. Common names are listed first, followed by scientific names.

Heg77-73 Wall Finishes, Magdalene Pfister

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses interior wall treatments: paint, wallpaper and fabric.

Paint is an easy, quick and inexpensive way to get the color you want. If you have a particular color in mind, you are most likely to find it in paint or have it mixed for the desired shade.

Wallpaper and other flexible coverings offer a wide variety of color, patterns and textures, It is possible to find a paper to go with any style of furnishings, formal or informal, in a wide price range. Some patterns are coordinated with fabric.

There are fabrics made especially for wall coverings which …