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Development Of Active Packaging Films Using Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Pods And Calamondin (Citrus X Microcarpa Bunge) Peels, Julienne Stephanie Fabie-Agapin, Dennis Rojas Marcelino Jun 2024

Development Of Active Packaging Films Using Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Pods And Calamondin (Citrus X Microcarpa Bunge) Peels, Julienne Stephanie Fabie-Agapin, Dennis Rojas Marcelino

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This paper presents the properties of active films produced using cacao pods and calamondin peels. An active film is a type of packaging material that is made by incorporating the “active” ingredients for preservation on the packaging film rather than a direct application to foods. In this study, the conversion to active films was done by adding essential oils from lemongrass or calamondin peels, which are both known to exhibit antimicrobial properties. There were five film samples prepared for analysis: cacao-calamondin mixture; cacao-calamondin mixture with lemongrass essential oil; cacao-calamondin mixture with calamondin essential oil; cacao-calamondin mixture with encapsulated lemongrass essential …


Short-Term Response Of Soil Microbial Community And Soil Bio-Chemical Properties To Soybean Intercropping In A Cassava-Based Cropping System, Nolissa Organo, John Lester Pide, Michelle Anne Calubaquib, Elmer Enicola, Evelyn Delfin, Vanessa Calderon, Raymund Antiola, Hosne Dilzahan, Andre Cruz Jun 2024

Short-Term Response Of Soil Microbial Community And Soil Bio-Chemical Properties To Soybean Intercropping In A Cassava-Based Cropping System, Nolissa Organo, John Lester Pide, Michelle Anne Calubaquib, Elmer Enicola, Evelyn Delfin, Vanessa Calderon, Raymund Antiola, Hosne Dilzahan, Andre Cruz

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

A cassava-based cropping system study assessed the short-term response of soil chemical and biochemical properties and soil microbial communities to soybean intercropping. Two soybean varieties (‘Select Manchuria’ and ‘Tiwala 12’) were tested as intercrops. The treatments did not affect the soil’s chemical (pH, OM, N, P, K) and biochemical (basal respiration and dehydrogenase and urease enzyme activities) properties after one cropping period. Amplicon sequencing analysis found that intercropping promoted the abundance of bacterial orders Actinomycetales, Solibacterales, Sphingomonadales, and Rhodospirillales. These groups play active roles in organic matter decomposition and can potentially improve the soil quality in an area by enhancing …


Effects Of Redrying Methods On The Milling Potential, Crude Protein And Total Phenolic Content, And Antioxidant Activity Of Stored Inorganic And Organically-Grown Paddy, Mary Ann Baradi, Jessica Solero, Clarence Dangcil, Gerome Corpuz, Marissa Romero Mar 2024

Effects Of Redrying Methods On The Milling Potential, Crude Protein And Total Phenolic Content, And Antioxidant Activity Of Stored Inorganic And Organically-Grown Paddy, Mary Ann Baradi, Jessica Solero, Clarence Dangcil, Gerome Corpuz, Marissa Romero

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This study sought to determine the effects of redrying techniques (no redrying or Control, 2-h, 4-h, and 6-h redrying with stirring every 30 min, Farmer's Practice or 6-h redrying with one stirring) on grain quality of stored inorganic and organic paddy rice as well as the redrying method that gives the best quality rice. PSB Rc82 rice harvested in October 2016 was used in the experiment conducted in February 2017. Quality parameters evaluated were moisture content, brown rice, total milled rice, crude protein content in percent, total phenolic content, and 2-2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. PSB Rc82 paddy exposed …


Method For Calibrating An Arduino-Based Soil Moisture Sensor Using Van Genuchten’S Equation, Victorino A. Bato, John Osbert Alindogan Mar 2024

Method For Calibrating An Arduino-Based Soil Moisture Sensor Using Van Genuchten’S Equation, Victorino A. Bato, John Osbert Alindogan

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Instructions on building a do-it-yourself soil moisture sensor using Arduino microcontrollers abound on the Internet. These do-it-yourself soil moisture sensors are favorite projects by both plant and microcontroller enthusiasts because the parts are affordable and the end product is functional. In the absence of proper calibration, these soil moisture sensors cannot generate usable information on the status of plant-available-water in the soil. This research demonstrates the calibration of an Arduino-based soil moisture sensor using the soil moisture characteristic curve of a clay loam soil. Van Genuchten’s model was used to generate an equation and various parameters specific to the soil. …


Evaluation Of The Aquacrop Model For Simulating Cotton Yield Under A Semi-Arid Environment And Different Field Management Practices, Ghorban Ghorbani Nasrabad, Meysam Abedinpour, Abotaleb Hazarjaribi Mar 2024

Evaluation Of The Aquacrop Model For Simulating Cotton Yield Under A Semi-Arid Environment And Different Field Management Practices, Ghorban Ghorbani Nasrabad, Meysam Abedinpour, Abotaleb Hazarjaribi

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Cotton plays an important role in increasing productivity in the agricultural sector and related industries in the province of Golestan, Iran. However, the cultivation areas decreased considerably in the last couple of decades due to the high costs of production, water scarcity, and climate change. To encourage sustainable increase in production, crop simulation models are parameterized for each region using observed field data. In this study, the AquaCrop model was calibrated and validated for cotton under different field management scenarios using data from a 3-yr field experiment, which was conducted at the research farm of the National Cotton Research Institute, …


Village-Level Processing Of Pangi (Pangium Edule Reinw.) Seeds By The Obu Manuvu Improves The Edibility And Level Of Some Nutritional Factors [Research Note], Rovi Gem E. Villame-Gayagas, Jennifer P. Fronteras, Maria Christna D. Nacar, Aaron P. Lorilla, Pedro A. Alviola Iv Dec 2023

Village-Level Processing Of Pangi (Pangium Edule Reinw.) Seeds By The Obu Manuvu Improves The Edibility And Level Of Some Nutritional Factors [Research Note], Rovi Gem E. Villame-Gayagas, Jennifer P. Fronteras, Maria Christna D. Nacar, Aaron P. Lorilla, Pedro A. Alviola Iv

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Pangi (Pangium edule Reinw) seed is known to be a poisonous material. However, it becomes safe for consumption after processing. This study determined the effect of village-level processing by the Obu Manuvu community of Marilog District, Davao City, Philippines on the antinutrient and nutritional composition of Pangi seeds. Processing methods involved washing with running water for about 15 s, boiling in water for 30 min, and soaking in flowing water in a nearby river overnight. Results showed that after processing, the levels of antinutrients such as cyanogenic glycosides and oxalates were reduced significantly (p < 0.05) by 99.15% and 78.23%, respectively. Further, the tannin content was also significantly reduced by 96.15%. The crude fat content significantly increased (p < 0.05) by about 54%. Crude ash and fiber decreased, while protein did not change significantly (p < 0.05). Minerals such as calcium and zinc increased (p < 0.05) by 221.43% and 64.39%, respectively while the iron and manganese levels remained unaffected. Findings of the study suggested that the processing method by the Obu Manuvu effectively reduces the level of antinutrients, thereby improving the edibility and safety of Pangi seeds. Further, the processing method improves the level of some nutrients, specifically crude fat, calcium, and zinc.


Growth, Yield, And Photosynthetic Dry Matter Remobilization Response Of Barley To Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Pgpr) And Nitrogen, Abazar Abbasi, Shahram Mehri, Hossein Solimanzadeh, Saeid Alipour Dec 2023

Growth, Yield, And Photosynthetic Dry Matter Remobilization Response Of Barley To Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Pgpr) And Nitrogen, Abazar Abbasi, Shahram Mehri, Hossein Solimanzadeh, Saeid Alipour

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

A two-year factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out on barley cultivar LB-IRAN at the research farm of the Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran, during the cropping years of 2019–2021, in order to survey the impact of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield, and remobilization of photosynthetic dry matter in barley. The first factor included five nitrogen levels: 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 100 kg/ha net nitrogen; the second factor contained grain inoculations with four bacteria: no inoculation (control), Azotobacter chroococcum race 5, Azospirillum lipoferum race of, and …


Analysis Of The Potential Of Rice And Corn In Supporting Food Availability, Luh Pastiniasih, Ketut Sumantra, Ni Putu Pandawani, Putu Edi Yastika Dec 2023

Analysis Of The Potential Of Rice And Corn In Supporting Food Availability, Luh Pastiniasih, Ketut Sumantra, Ni Putu Pandawani, Putu Edi Yastika

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

A region’s agricultural sector plays a strategic role in fulfilling its food needs with ideal nutrition. The potential of cereal commodities, specifically rice and corn, was identified based on the production level and competitiveness by district in Buleleng Regency, Indonesia. The regency’s potential to provide and support food security was also determined through a quantitative descriptive analysis of the Location Quotient (LQ), Shift Share Analysis (SSA), Localization Coefficients, and Levels of Food Availability by utilizing secondary data on cereal commodity production and population numbers over the course of 10 yr (2012–2021). Results showed that Sawan, Seririt, and Sukasada districts were …


Influence Of Capacity Building On Nutrition Sensitivity Of The Municipal Agriculture Development Plan In Calabarzon, Philippines, Kim Leonard G. Dela Luna, Maria Theresa M. Talavera, Leila S. Africa, Clarissa B. Juanico, Nancy A. Tandang, Marison Felicidad R. Dy Sep 2023

Influence Of Capacity Building On Nutrition Sensitivity Of The Municipal Agriculture Development Plan In Calabarzon, Philippines, Kim Leonard G. Dela Luna, Maria Theresa M. Talavera, Leila S. Africa, Clarissa B. Juanico, Nancy A. Tandang, Marison Felicidad R. Dy

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

To improve the nutrition sensitivity of the Municipal Agriculture Development Plan (MADP) of Calabarzon, a one-group pre-test post-test design quasi-experimental study was conducted involving the Local Agriculture Planners (LAP) of 57 municipalities in the region from March to December 2021. Wilcoxon Paired Signed Rank was used to determine significant differences in the nutrition sensitivity of the MADP and level of knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of the LAP before and after the intervention. Binary logistic regression analysis was also performed to model the change in the level of the nutrition sensitivity of the MADP. The LAP's level of knowledge, attitude, and …


Variability Of Cost And Return Of Dry Direct Seeded Lowland Rice In Major Rainfed Growing Areas In The Philippines, Oliver C. Ocampo, Hazel Anne F. Makahiya, Marjorie V. Pamplona, John Kenneth L. Motilla, Niño Paul Meynard C. Banayo, Crisanta S. Bueno, Pompe C. Sta. Cruz Jun 2023

Variability Of Cost And Return Of Dry Direct Seeded Lowland Rice In Major Rainfed Growing Areas In The Philippines, Oliver C. Ocampo, Hazel Anne F. Makahiya, Marjorie V. Pamplona, John Kenneth L. Motilla, Niño Paul Meynard C. Banayo, Crisanta S. Bueno, Pompe C. Sta. Cruz

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This study was conducted to evaluate the variability of net income and return on investment (ROI) as affected by grain yield, cost of production, and gross income across provinces wherein the mechanized dry direct seeding technology was being deployed. The study was conducted during 2019 wet season involving 54 sites from 14 provinces with farmers practicing mechanized dry direct seeding technology under rainfed lowland condition. Grain yield varied (0.72 – 6.73 t ha-1) across provinces and within each province. Total cost of production varied (PhP 23032 – 43421 ha-1) across provinces. Most sites in Cagayan had …


Behavior Changes And Lc50 Of Dried Garlic (Allium Sativum) Acute Toxicity In Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Juvenile [Research Note], Gregoria Erazo Pagador, Haydee Rose Dumaran Paciente, Blan Jericho Caloyloy Jun 2023

Behavior Changes And Lc50 Of Dried Garlic (Allium Sativum) Acute Toxicity In Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Juvenile [Research Note], Gregoria Erazo Pagador, Haydee Rose Dumaran Paciente, Blan Jericho Caloyloy

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Plant-based compounds are emerging substitutes for chemical treatments in aquaculture since they are known to cause less harm to both the environment and its organisms. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a popular herb that has a broad range of uses, especially in the control and treatment of bacterial and parasitic diseases. However, its toxicity to tilapia is not well-studied. Hence, this study was conducted to test the toxicity levels of garlic powder in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by determining the cumulative mortality and median lethal concentration (LC50). Test fish were exposed through immersion in …


Exogenous Application Of Growth Regulators Improves The Growth And Quality Of Dahlia Variabilis L., Shahbaz Khan, Naeem Abbas, Zuhair Hasnain, Sami Ullah, Imran Hussain, Afroz Rais, Muhammad Atif Ghafoor, Danish Ibrar, Sohail Irshad, Maham Saddique, Muhammad Amjad Bashir, Samra Naseem, Muhammad Musawir Khan, Jawaher Alkahtani Jun 2023

Exogenous Application Of Growth Regulators Improves The Growth And Quality Of Dahlia Variabilis L., Shahbaz Khan, Naeem Abbas, Zuhair Hasnain, Sami Ullah, Imran Hussain, Afroz Rais, Muhammad Atif Ghafoor, Danish Ibrar, Sohail Irshad, Maham Saddique, Muhammad Amjad Bashir, Samra Naseem, Muhammad Musawir Khan, Jawaher Alkahtani

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.), a bulb crop sold as cut flower, garden ornamental/potted plant, becomes a popular cut flower in the world. This experiment was designed to study the effects of foliar applied gibberellic acid, zinc, ascorbic acid, and thiamine on the growth and flower attributes of dahlia. The study was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the Floriculture Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. There were thirteen treatment with three levels each; gibberellic acid, zinc sulphate, ascorbic acid, and thiamine. First, foliar application was done at vegetative stage (after 45 d of transplantation) and second, at the flowering …


Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory And Antioxidative Activities Of The Bioactive Peptides In The Crude Salt-Soluble Protein Hydrolysates Of Pili Nut (Canarium Ovatum Engl.) Cv. Mayon Kernel, Ella Mae Gamba, Lawrence Yves Uy, Mary Ann Torio Jun 2023

Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory And Antioxidative Activities Of The Bioactive Peptides In The Crude Salt-Soluble Protein Hydrolysates Of Pili Nut (Canarium Ovatum Engl.) Cv. Mayon Kernel, Ella Mae Gamba, Lawrence Yves Uy, Mary Ann Torio

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The in silico enzyme digestion and peptide function annotation of pili nut (Canarium ovatum Engl.) 11S globulin protein sequence revealed the presence of bioactive peptides with antihypertensive and antioxidative activities. Molecular docking simulations showed that the proline-histidine (PH) ligand can better inhibit angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity than captopril. This result was verified through biochemical assays. Pili kernel protein was extracted with 0.5 M NaCl buffer using the modified Osborne fractionation method, which yielded 100 mg of protein per gram of defatted pili kernel determined via Bradford assay. SDS-PAGE suggested that the protein extract had a major legumin-like (11S) …


Validation Of Newly Designed Ssr Markers For Eight Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes With Variable Heat Tolerance Responses Based On Agromorphic Data And Pollen Fertility Analysis [Research Note], Monaliza B. Magat, Norvie L. Manigbas, Jessica D. Rey Mar 2023

Validation Of Newly Designed Ssr Markers For Eight Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes With Variable Heat Tolerance Responses Based On Agromorphic Data And Pollen Fertility Analysis [Research Note], Monaliza B. Magat, Norvie L. Manigbas, Jessica D. Rey

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Rice is one of the most valuable staple food crops in the world. However, several challenges greatly affect production, one of which is the threat imposed by heat stress. To address this, researchers are developing varieties that are heat stress tolerant with genetic markers aid. In this study, eight rice genotypes, namely Dular, Nagina 22, NSIC Rc 222, Milyang 23, EL15, EL92, EL85, and IR52 were observed for agromorphic data, which included plant height, panicle length, filled and unfilled grains, and grain yield. Flower samples were collected to determine the effect of heat stress on pollen fertility. Molecular markers were …


The Use Of Open Data Kit (Odk) In Characterizing The Cacao Industry Sites In Panay Island, Rhea J. Subong-Espina, Reynold D. Tan, Christine Mae D. Hernando Mar 2023

The Use Of Open Data Kit (Odk) In Characterizing The Cacao Industry Sites In Panay Island, Rhea J. Subong-Espina, Reynold D. Tan, Christine Mae D. Hernando

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Cacao is one of the world's most valuable export commodities and cash crops. Western Visayas, along with the other regions in the Philippines, has committed to participate in national efforts to strengthen the production capacity of the cacao industry and address prospects and opportunities for the industry growth and development. This paper presents the results of a region-wide study that mapped out and assessed key cacao-producing areas in Western Visayas, specifically Aklan, Antique, Capiz, and Iloilo. The study sought their current production levels, important agricultural properties of farming areas, production densities, and growth potentials. Geospatial data was generated, analyzed, and …


M. ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ And M. ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’ – New Varieties Of Mussaenda [Research Note], Gerlie P. Antesco, Jennelyn C. Bengoa, Maria Luisa D. Guevarra Mar 2023

M. ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ And M. ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’ – New Varieties Of Mussaenda [Research Note], Gerlie P. Antesco, Jennelyn C. Bengoa, Maria Luisa D. Guevarra

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

An outstanding selections of Mussaenda developed in the Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB), College of Agriculture and Food Science (CAFS), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) were registered to the National Seed Industry Council as new varieties. These are Mussaenda ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ and Mussaenda ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’, named after an ornamental plant breeder and a National Scientist, respectively, in recognition to their significant contributions in the fields of genetics and plant breeding. Mussaenda ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ is a hybrid and a progeny from a cross between M. ‘Maria Makiling’ and M. ‘Diwata’. The calyx lobes are all petaloid, numerous, and …


Evaluation Of Triticale Lines Compared To Wheat Cultivars In Terms Of Agronomic Traits Using Supervised Learning Methods And Multivariate Statistics, Sara Farokhzadeh, Hossein Shahsavand Hassani Dec 2022

Evaluation Of Triticale Lines Compared To Wheat Cultivars In Terms Of Agronomic Traits Using Supervised Learning Methods And Multivariate Statistics, Sara Farokhzadeh, Hossein Shahsavand Hassani

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The first man-made cereal grain triticale merges the yield and quality potential of wheat with tolerance of rye against environmental stresses. To find the traits with the greatest impact on the superiority of triticale over wheat, four promising triticale lines and six bread wheat varieties were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the field of the Agricultural Research Station of Shiraz University, Iran. Attribute weighting algorithms revealed main leaf width (MLW), grain number per spike (GN/S), spikelet number per spike (SN/S), 1000-grain weight (TGW), plant height (PHT), main leaf length (MLL), and grain yield …


Potential Of Mechanical Grain Dryers In Addressing Exposure Of Rice Farmers To Weather Risks, Hernaiz Malanon, Zenaida Sumalde Dec 2022

Potential Of Mechanical Grain Dryers In Addressing Exposure Of Rice Farmers To Weather Risks, Hernaiz Malanon, Zenaida Sumalde

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Weather risks brought by prolonged rainfall and cloudy days hamper grain drying operations in the Philippines as majority still employ the sun drying method, which limits the opportunity of rice farmers to earn a higher income. While mechanical dryers are considered an important adaptation mechanism to address weather risks, more research needs to be done on their benefits and their disadvantages. This study adapted the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concept which equates hazard, exposure, and vulnerability to quantify risk. Hazard was assessed in terms of the probability of four straight rainy- or cloudy-day occurrences based on a 30-year …


First Detection Of Naturally Introgressed Bt Cry1ab In Asian Corn Borer [Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée)] - Resistant Traditional Maize (Silangan) In The Philippines, Merdelyn T. Caasi-Lit, Eureka Teresa C. Ocampo, Artemio Salazar, Jefferson Paril, Bryan Novio, Bernard Panabang, Angelyn Marta Marmeto Dec 2021

First Detection Of Naturally Introgressed Bt Cry1ab In Asian Corn Borer [Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée)] - Resistant Traditional Maize (Silangan) In The Philippines, Merdelyn T. Caasi-Lit, Eureka Teresa C. Ocampo, Artemio Salazar, Jefferson Paril, Bryan Novio, Bernard Panabang, Angelyn Marta Marmeto

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Resistance against insect pests is one of the most promising and highly favored characteristics of an economically important crop. In the Philippines, the Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is the most destructive insect pest of maize. The discovery of Bacillus thuringiensis and the Bt toxin, which led to the development of Bt corn, effectively controlled this pest. In this study, four traditional varieties of maize that showed resistance against ACB were tested for the presence of Bt Cry1Ab protein. Out of these four, a traditional variety from San Carlos City, Pangasinan, which was initially thought to have natural …


Climatic Factors Affecting Maize Grain Yield In Different Growing Areas Of The Philippines, Lakshman Kumara, Tonette Laude, Jose Hernandez, Pearl Sanchez, Moises Dorado, Jose Nestor Garcia, Gerardo Gauna, Pompe C. Sta. Cruz Dec 2021

Climatic Factors Affecting Maize Grain Yield In Different Growing Areas Of The Philippines, Lakshman Kumara, Tonette Laude, Jose Hernandez, Pearl Sanchez, Moises Dorado, Jose Nestor Garcia, Gerardo Gauna, Pompe C. Sta. Cruz

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Seasonal climate variation is one of the problems faced by Filipino maize farmers, due to varying climatic elements such as solar radiation, rainfall, relative humidity, and air temperature. This study determined the seasonal productivity of selected maize varieties in the major growing areas in the Philippines, and identified the yield-limiting climatic factors specific to location and growing season. Grain yield, covering two wet and dry seasons (2016-2018) from seven field trials (representing 3 climatic types) of the National Corn Testing (NCT) were used in the study. Climatic data (2016-2018) were gathered from the PAGASA weather station nearest to the trial …


Flowering Regulation Of Potted Bougainvillea Plants Under Five Water Treatments [Research Note], Kuan-Hung Lin, Jui-Mei Li, Chun-Wei Wu, Yu-Sen Chang Dec 2021

Flowering Regulation Of Potted Bougainvillea Plants Under Five Water Treatments [Research Note], Kuan-Hung Lin, Jui-Mei Li, Chun-Wei Wu, Yu-Sen Chang

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea buttiana) is a very popular evergreen landscape plant in the tropical and subtropical areas. The objective of this study was to investigate the growth, flowering, and physiological performance of bougainvillea ‘Taipei Red’ cultivar in response to water-stress conditions that can potentially be used to maximize the economic efficiency and benefits in the development and ACC potential of bougainvillea plants grown in controlled environments. Potted plants were subjected to five different levels of soil VWC: 60% (control), 40%, 20%, 1/3 of leaves visually observed to be drooping (equivalent to 18% VWC), and 2/3 of leaves drooping (15% …


Characterization Of Dirt On White-Shelled Table Eggs Through Image Analysis [Research Note], Maria Patricia Azanza, Dominic Panaligan, Bryan Kenneth Desierdo Dec 2021

Characterization Of Dirt On White-Shelled Table Eggs Through Image Analysis [Research Note], Maria Patricia Azanza, Dominic Panaligan, Bryan Kenneth Desierdo

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The study reports the laboratory-scale use of image analysis to categorize dirty white-shelled table eggs. Data generated from image analysis were subjected to statistical analysis and compared with established standards categorizing dirty white-shelled table eggs for washing and sanitation or for use in food processing. The average Quartile 1 (2.49%) and Quartile 3 (9.28%) values of percent surface dirt were found to be proximate to quality standard guidelines values of ≤ 3.12% and < 10% from USDA (2000) and PNS (2005), respectively. These limits were recommended as possible guidelines for classifying eggs into those that are acceptable as table eggs, acceptable for processing with washing and sanitation, and unacceptable for food use.


Establishment Of The In Vitro Culture And Plant Regeneration Of Anubias Barteri Var. Nana 'Mini', Kuan-Hung Lin, Chih-Peng Kuo, Li-Ru Chen Dec 2021

Establishment Of The In Vitro Culture And Plant Regeneration Of Anubias Barteri Var. Nana 'Mini', Kuan-Hung Lin, Chih-Peng Kuo, Li-Ru Chen

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Anubias barteri is an ornamental aquatic plant of economic importance worldwide. Effective removal of contaminants has been a major problem for the in vitro propagation of A. barteri. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was applied as a pre-disinfectant to treat rhizome bud explants of A. barteri var. nana ‘Mini’ followed by disinfection with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) to eliminate in vitro contamination. However, application of 0.1% HgCl2 for 5 min without pre-disinfecting with H2O2 significantly reduced the contamination rate to 44.4% compared to other combinations. Moreover, in vitro shoots of A. barteri …


Epinasty Accompanies Potassium Nitrate-Induced Flower Bud Break In 'Carabao' Mango [Research Note], Ulysses Besas, Calixto Protacio Dec 2021

Epinasty Accompanies Potassium Nitrate-Induced Flower Bud Break In 'Carabao' Mango [Research Note], Ulysses Besas, Calixto Protacio

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The hypothesis that potassium nitrate application promotes epinasty in ‘Carabao’ mango through increased ethylene production was investigated. The degree of drooping, apical primordium growth as affected by shoot ethylene and levels after potassium nitrate spraying were monitored. Evidence presented established for the first time in ‘Carabao’ mango that epinasty occurred just before flower emergence, coinciding with visible bud break, and extended up to 18 days, marking floral anthesis. The possible reasons could be the higher levels of ethylene at 0.31% and earlier increase of ethylene in the shoot apex at four hours and apical primordium growth. Increased ethylene levels at …


Epiphyte Identification On Commercially Grown Kappaphycus Alvarezii In Eastern Samar, Philippines [Research Note], Ma. Carla Angelica Deladia, Leni Yap-Dejeto, Kenneth Abuda, Margarita Dela Cruz Sep 2021

Epiphyte Identification On Commercially Grown Kappaphycus Alvarezii In Eastern Samar, Philippines [Research Note], Ma. Carla Angelica Deladia, Leni Yap-Dejeto, Kenneth Abuda, Margarita Dela Cruz

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The decline in production and quality of Kappaphycus alvarezii is primarily associated with occurrence of "ice-ice" disease and epiphyte infestations. K. alvarezii var. tambalang (brown) in the nursery farms of Balangiga and Lawaan, E. Samar harbored such infestations. This study identified the dominant Epiphytic Filamentous Algae (EFA) on the seaweeds in these farms using microscopic morphological characteristics. Microscopic examinations revealed that the main epiphyte in the farms studied was Melanothamnus apiculatus (Hollenberg) Díaz-Tapia & Maggs (former: Neosiphonia apiculata (Hollenberg) Masuda et Kogame). The epiphytes observed have rhizoids separated from the pericentral cells, unicellular trichoblasts, globose cystocarp and tetrasporangia arranged in …


Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Collected From Seven Philippine Regions For Use As Breeding Stocks For Crop Improvement, Jan Leandro Acedera, Jhun Laurence Rasco, Jemimah Banganan, Antonio Lalusin Sep 2021

Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Collected From Seven Philippine Regions For Use As Breeding Stocks For Crop Improvement, Jan Leandro Acedera, Jhun Laurence Rasco, Jemimah Banganan, Antonio Lalusin

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Selection of parents for hybridization relies on the information on their genetic relationship and diversity which are essential in any breeding program. This study aimed to estimate the extent of genetic diversity and population structure of 76 sugarcane accessions from seven regions in the Philippines using 57 morphological characters and 50 microsatellite markers. The sugarcane collections exhibited moderate to high diversity with mean of H’ = 0.72 for qualitative and H’ = 0.75 for quantitative morphological characters, respectively. This is corroborated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of agronomic parameters, except for stalk length. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic …


Drift Reduction By Orienting Boom Sprayers’ Nozzles Against The Wind Direction, Medet Itmeç, Ali Bayat, Ömer Barış Özlüoymak Sep 2021

Drift Reduction By Orienting Boom Sprayers’ Nozzles Against The Wind Direction, Medet Itmeç, Ali Bayat, Ömer Barış Özlüoymak

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Wind drift is a very critical issue in pesticide applications. In recent experiments, the application of pesticides is focus on precision farming. In this study, a spraying system that could manipulate trajectories of droplets to decrease drift was tested in a wind tunnel. Three nozzles (XR11002, AIXR11002 and TTJ6011002) were used at three operating pressures (200 kPa, 300 kPa, 400 kPa), with four orientation angles of nozzles against wind direction (0°, 5°, 10°, 15°), and three wind velocities (1.5, 2, and 2.5 m s-1) with three repetitions. A statistical factorial CRD was used with Tukey Post Hoc Test …


Will Patients Benefit From The Current Philippine Legislative Bill On Medical Cannabis? A Cost-Benefit Analysis, Godofreda Dalmacion, Paul Joseph Ramirez, Zypher Jude Regencia, Emmanuel Baja Sep 2021

Will Patients Benefit From The Current Philippine Legislative Bill On Medical Cannabis? A Cost-Benefit Analysis, Godofreda Dalmacion, Paul Joseph Ramirez, Zypher Jude Regencia, Emmanuel Baja

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The Philippine Congress is pushing House Bill (HB) 6517 to decriminalize medical cannabis use in the Philippines. This study aims to evaluate the cost and benefit that will likely result from the legalization of medical cannabis. Focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and review of secondary data were done with stakeholders to validate and localize the benefits and costs associated with the legalization of medical cannabis versus the current status quo. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) was based on the requirements of HB 6517. Only direct effects on major stakeholders were covered in the final CBA. Results were expressed as Net Present …


Productivity And Profitability Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) + Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Intercropping System For Marginal Farmers In North-Western Part Of Bangladesh, Rafiqul Islam, Mm Kamal, Mf Hossain, J Hossain, Mg Azam, Ms Islam Jun 2021

Productivity And Profitability Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) + Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Intercropping System For Marginal Farmers In North-Western Part Of Bangladesh, Rafiqul Islam, Mm Kamal, Mf Hossain, J Hossain, Mg Azam, Ms Islam

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The agroecological practice of intercropping, meaning farming of two or more crop simultaneously in the same field has recently reaped renewed interest for developing more sustainable cropping and food systems. This technology gained immense interest to marginal farmers of Bangladesh for better economic return from small parcel of their cultivable land. This study evaluated the variants of intercropping system of turmeric (Curcuma longa) + okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) having yield advantage and profitability. The study was conducted during the crop season of 2017 and 2018 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh. Five intercropping …


Foliar Applied Boron Not Only Enhances Seed Cotton Yield But Also Improves Fiber Strength And Fineness Of Cotton Cultivars, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid, Muhammad Saleem, Shahbaz Khan, Sohail Irshad, Mumtaz Akhtar Cheema, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem, Haroon Zaman Khan, Madad Ali, Ali Bakhsh, Zuhair Hasnain, Sara T. Alrashood, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi Jun 2021

Foliar Applied Boron Not Only Enhances Seed Cotton Yield But Also Improves Fiber Strength And Fineness Of Cotton Cultivars, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid, Muhammad Saleem, Shahbaz Khan, Sohail Irshad, Mumtaz Akhtar Cheema, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem, Haroon Zaman Khan, Madad Ali, Ali Bakhsh, Zuhair Hasnain, Sara T. Alrashood, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is as famous as “White Gold” due to its high quality fiber. Boron (B) is one of essential micronutrients involved directly or indirectly in many plant processes. Cotton growth, yield and quality are intensely influenced with B application. A 2 years field based study was conducted to explore the impact of foliar applied B (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 kg ha-1) on productivity and quality of cotton cultivars (FH-113, MNH-786, and CIM-496). Outcomes of the experiment reflected that application of various levels of B significantly influences the growth and quality attributes …