Tax Law Commons^™

Free Money, But Not Tax-Free: A Proposal For The Tax Treatment Of Cryptocurrency Hard Forks, Danhui Xu

Fordham Law Review

Cryptocurrency has attracted extraordinary attention as one of the greatest financial innovations in recent years. Equally noticeable are the increasingly frequent cryptocurrency events, such as hard forks. Put simply, a cryptocurrency hard fork happens when a single cryptocurrency splits in two, which results in original coin owners receiving free forked coins. Such hard forks have resulted in billions of dollars distributed to U.S. taxpayers. Despite ongoing regulatory efforts, to date, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has yet to take a clear position on the tax treatment of cryptocurrency hard forks. The lack of useful guidance when filing tax returns has …

United States Policy And The Taxation Of International Intangible Income, Stanley I. Langbein

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

Data First, Tax Next: How Fiji’S Technology Can Improve New Zealand’S 'Netflix Tax' (Part 2), Richard Thompson Ainsworth

Faculty Scholarship

This is the second in a four-part series addressing VAT/GST avoidance schemes involving remote sales of services. These schemes have been growing in importance. The IMF reports that the services component of cross-border trade has been on the rise for fifty-years or more, making the Internet a serious threat to revenue. Technology has accelerated tax avoidance.

Statutory draftsmen in New Zealand have looked at this problem directly with what has been called the Netflix Tax. Technologist in Fiji have been struggling with similar problems and have developed technology-based security systems that would seem to address remote sales of services more …

Data First, Tax Next: How Fiji’S Technology Can Improve New Zealand’S 'Netflix Tax' (Part 1), Richard Thompson Ainsworth

Faculty Scholarship

Over the past decade the VAT in the South Pacific has been changing. More change is coming. Change is needed in both the larger economies (Australia and New Zealand) and the smaller ones (the Pacific Island Countries or PICs). The changes we see currently are propelled by cross-border remote sales of services and low-value goods.

The government response in the South Pacific is not uniform. The larger economies have relied on statutory remedies; the smaller economies are turning to technology. The larger economies are crafting complex, extra-territorial compliance provisions targeting remote sellers. The smaller economies are mandating secure digital invoices, …

Reimagining Due Process: A New Approach To Regulating State Taxing Authority, Brady Plastaras

Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy

This Note will proceed as follows: Part I provides a brief overview of the existing Due Process and Commerce Clause restrictions on state taxing authority; Part II provides an in-depth discussion of Maryland v. Wynne and the ineffectiveness of the internal consistency test; Part III discusses existing criticisms of the internal consistency test; and Part IV outlines the proposed modified due process standard.

Trying Times: Conservation Easements And Federal Tax Law (April 2019), Nancy Mclaughlin

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

Since 2006, the Tax Court, District Courts, and Circuit Courts have collectively issued more than one-hundred decisions relating to the federal charitable income tax deduction for the donation of perpetual conservation easements. This outline discusses these court decisions and other developments in the conservation easement donation context. The outline was prepared for a May 3rd, 2019, program of the same name at the University of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law. Presenters at the program were Nancy A. McLaughlin, Professor of Law, University of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law; Stephen J. Small, Attorney at Law, Law Office of Stephen …

Bearing Hospital Tax Breaks: How Non-Profits Benefit From Your Surprise Medical Bills, Taylor N. Armstrong

Georgia State University Law Review

This Note addresses the growing issue of surprise medical bills and how the United States Tax Code can be used to prevent many patients from receiving these bills. Part I provides a background on surprise billing and market factors that have led to an increase in the bills as well as current legislative solutions to the problem. Part II analyzes the role that hospitals play in the insurance market, the current standards for nonprofit hospitals to receive tax exemption under Internal Revenue Code (IRC) § 501, and how these legal standards fall short of accomplishing the goals of the tax …

Afterlife Of The Death Tax, Samuel D. Brunson

Indiana Law Journal

More than a century ago, Congress enacted the modern estate tax to help pay for World War I. Unlike previous iterations of the estate tax, though, this one outlived the war and accumulated additional goals beyond merely raising revenue. The estate tax helped ensure the progressivity of the tax system as a whole, and it limited the hereditary ability to accumulate wealth.

This modern estate tax almost instantly met with opposition, though. The opposition has never been sufficient to entirely eliminate the estate tax, but it has severely weakened its ability to raise revenue and to prevent the accumulation of …

Stock Market Reactions To India's 2016 Demonetization., Vikramaditya S. Khanna, Dhammika Dharmapala

Articles

On November 8, 2016, the Indian government made a surprise announcement that certain currency notes (representing 86 percent of the currency then in circulation) would no longer be legal tender (although they could be deposited in banks over a limited period). The stated reason for this sudden “demonetization” was to combat tax evasion and corruption associated with “unaccounted for” cash. We compute abnormal returns for different subsamples of firms—defined by industry, ownership structure, and other characteristics—on the Indian stock market around this event. There is little evidence that sectors thought to be associated with greater tax evasion or corruption experienced …

The Fire Rises: Refining The Pennsylvania Fireworks Law So That Fewer People Get Burned, Sean P. Kraus

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

On October 30, 2017, the General Assembly of Pennsylvania passed an act that repealed the state’s fireworks law, which had prohibited the sale of most fireworks to Pennsylvanian consumers for nearly 80 years. The law’s replacement generally permits Pennsylvanians over 18 years old to purchase, possess, and use “Consumer Fireworks.” Bottle rockets, firecrackers, Roman candles, and aerial shells are now available to amateur celebrants for holidays like Independence Day and New Year’s Eve. The law also regulates a category of larger “Display Fireworks,” sets standards for fireworks vendors, and introduces a 12-percent excise tax on fireworks sales that serves to …

Phantom Income And Domestic Support Obligations, Timothy M. Todd

Buffalo Law Review

The tax code is designed to raise government revenue. Domestic support obligations (DSOs)—namely, child support and spousal support—are designed to ameliorate the financial burdens that arise upon divorce. To determine the amount of domestic support obligations, statutes often refer to commonly used taxation concepts, such as “income.”

Courts determining domestic support obligations have been confronted with the question of how to treat “phantom income”—that is, amounts that are includible as gross income under the federal tax code but that have not resulted in any actual current cash receipt. Individuals obligated to make domestic support payments have argued that phantom income …

Luck And Tax Policy, Mark J. Mazur

Ohio Northern University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Socio-Economic Development In Africa: Tax Reform As A Tool For Fostering The Objectives Of The Afcfta, Oladiwura Ayeyemi Eyitayo-Oyesode

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

The African Continental Free Trade Area Agreement is aimed at transforming the economic landscape of the African continent. The agreement contains lofty objectives set up to enhance trade integration and promote the free flow of capital and investments. The agreement follows the EU model on market integration and signatories have committed to take measures to reduce the cost of doing business and create a conducive environment for private sector development in Africa. The agreement is not just aimed at eliminating barriers to trade, but is also focused on ensuring sustainable, inclusive social and economic development and structural transformation of the …

Cooper V. Commissioner: Give The Inventor A (Learned) Hand, Rebecca R. Dulik

Maine Law Review

Among the Internal Revenue Code’s many rules are some taxpayer-friendly provisions that grant tax benefits. Section 1235 is one such provision, providing to an inventor preferential tax treatment for income from the sale or exchange of a patent. In Cooper v. Commissioner, although the taxpayer inventor satisfied § 1235’s requirements, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the Tax Court’s decision to deny the taxpayer § 1235’s benefits. This Note compares Cooper to other § 1235 cases and argues that Cooper was decided wrongly because of the application of the substance over form doctrine. The substance over form doctrine is overapplied in general …

Dynamic Legislation, Rebecca M. Kysar

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Basic And Non-Basic Tax Tips For Leasing Lawyers, Bradley T. Borden

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Tax Cuts And Jobs Act Of 2017: The Salt Deduction, Tax Competition, And Double Taxation, William B. Barker

San Diego Law Review

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) made many changes to federal income tax law, but none of them may be as important to the functioning of our federal system as the changes the Act made to the deduction for state and local taxes. The Act, by decreasing taxpayer savings for state and local tax expenditures in both obvious and obscure ways, has substantially increased the burden of paying state and local taxes and is a major threat to state and local government ability to tax for public benefits. The threat to state governments is demonstrated by the …

Saved By Labell: Local Taxation Of Video Streaming Services, Salvatore Cocchiaro

Fordham Law Review

Over the last few years, Netflix and other video streaming services have erupted to become a preeminent form of entertainment for millennials and the public at large. With traditional forms of entertainment waning, video streaming services represent a novel source of revenue for cities. Local governments currently have numerous tax approaches that may be used to cover these services. Different cities and states have taken distinctive approaches to taxing these services. Certain jurisdictions tax them in line with traditional pay-TV providers under utility taxes, while other jurisdictions tax them under sales or amusement taxes. This Note considers these different approaches, …

Law Library Blog (March 2019): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

Automation Tax Vs Robot-Tax, Vincent Ooi

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The positive impact of developments in technology on the economy has historically outweighed the disruptive impact on employment. Society has benefited from the efficiency gains derived from the application of technology in production, while workers displaced by these technologies have largely been successfully retrained and employed in other jobs. However, the pace of development of the “Fourth Industrial Revolution” now presents a risk of mass displacement of human labour, particularly in tasks that are repetitive and menial. The “Fourth Industrial Revolution” is characterised by significant progress in a closely-linked cluster of areas such as robot dexterity, machine learning, processing power, …

The Case For Redistributive Taxation In Singapore, Vincent Ooi

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In light of the recent debate on whether Singapore should consider imposing wealth and inheritance taxes on ultra-high net worth individuals, this article seeks to address two key questions: 1) whether wealth should be taxed; and 2) how wealth should be taxed. The first question is one of moral philosophy while the second is one of tax policy.

International Taxation In An Era Of Digital Disruption: Analyzing The Current Debate, Itai Grinberg

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The “taxation of the digital economy” is currently at the top of the global international tax policymaking agenda. A core claim some European governments are advancing is that user data or user participation in the digital economy justifies a gross tax on digital receipts, new profit attribution criteria, or a special formulary apportionment factor in a future formulary regime targeted specifically at the “digital economy.” Just a couple years ago the OECD undertook an evaluation of whether the digital economy can (or should) be “ring-fenced” as part of the BEPS project, and concluded that it neither can be nor should …

The Nonprofit Sector's Uncertain Future In A Post-Tcja America, Jt Alston

BYU Law Review

The tax deduction for charitable contributions has existed in the Internal Revenue Code in some form since the early 1900s. While the charitable deduction has been preserved in the U.S. tax code for more than 100 years, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of December 2017 threatens charities by removing the tax incentive to donate to charity from all but the wealthiest taxpayers. Both charities and nonprofits play a vital role in the U.S. economy by providing some goods and services more efficiently than the public or private sectors. In this Note I explore the role of nonprofits in …

Section 1031 Like-Kind Exchange, Daniel Currie

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.

Taxation Of Cryptocurrency Hard Forks, Rachana Khandelwal

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.

Section 195, Luis Rodriguez Jr., Mba, Jd, Llm

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.

The Contemporary Tax Journal’S Interview With Eileen Marshall, Rani Vaishnavi Kothapalli

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.

Tax Treaties And Special Considerations For Unemployment Income, Foreign Students, And Academic Employees, Inna Ostrovsky

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.

Short Sales And Cancellation Of Debt Income, Rani Vaishnavi Kothapalli

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.

Roger Cpa Review, Roger Philipp Cpa, Cgma

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.