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Articles 811 - 837 of 837
Full-Text Articles in Supreme Court of the United States
Supreme Court's Construction Of The Federal Constitution In 1920-1921, Thomas Reed Powell
Supreme Court's Construction Of The Federal Constitution In 1920-1921, Thomas Reed Powell
Michigan Law Review
In a proceeding brought by the United States to restrain the construction of a dam in a stream alleged to be a "navigable river, or other navigable water of the United States," Economy Light & Power Co. v. United States2 held that "a river having actual navigable capacity in its natural state and capable of carrying commerce among the states is within the power of Congress to preserve for future transportation, even though it be not at present used for such commerce, and be incapable of such use according to present methods, either by reason of changed conditions or because …
Supreme Court's Construction Of The Federal Constitution In 1920-1921, Thomas Reed Powell
Supreme Court's Construction Of The Federal Constitution In 1920-1921, Thomas Reed Powell
Michigan Law Review
This review of Supreme Court decisions on constitutional law during the October Term of 1920 follows the plan of its predecessors.' Its aim is the modest one of exposing the precise points decided and the precise or unprecise reasons given in support of the results reached. A valiant effort is made to refrain from criticism or from adding anything to the contributions of the judges. In the footnotes are assembled references to discussions of the cases reviewed in the text and of other issues of constitutional law considered in recognized law journals from October, 1920, to October, 1921. No effort …
Constitutional Decisions By A Bare Majority Of The Court, Robert Eugene Cushman
Constitutional Decisions By A Bare Majority Of The Court, Robert Eugene Cushman
Michigan Law Review
In December, 1823, the legislature of Kentucky, in a blaze of resentment against a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States invalidating a Kentucky statute,' petitioned Congress "so to organize the Supreme Court of the United States that no constitutional question * * * involving the validity of State laws, shall be decided by said Court unless two-thirds of all the members belonging to said court shall concur in such decision." 2 At the same time a United States senator from Kentucky was demanding that Congress- require for such decisions the concurrence of seven judges out of a …
Note And Comment, Edwin C. Goddard, Edson R. Sunderland, George D. Clapperton, Herman A. August
Note And Comment, Edwin C. Goddard, Edson R. Sunderland, George D. Clapperton, Herman A. August
Michigan Law Review
Public Utility Valuations and Rates - In comparing the reports of the public utility commissions with the decisions of the courts on questions of valuation of public utilities, nothing is more striking than this-that as time goes on the commissions are growingly impatient of the cost of reproduction theory, while the courts still insist there is no inflexible method of fixing value, but continue to prefer largely figures as to supposed reproduction cost. This attitude of the commissions is remarkable in view of the fact that every finding may be carried to the courts for review and possible reversal. The …
States And Foreign Relations, John M. Matthews
States And Foreign Relations, John M. Matthews
Michigan Law Review
The conduct of a nation's foreign relations may be affected to a considerable extent by its internal governmental organization. Generally speaking, a more energetic and effective foreign policy is possible for a nation whose government is characterized by unity and coherence. This is true not only with reference to the relations between the -departments of the central government, but also with reference to the relations between the central government and the local or state governments. In countries whose government is based on the federal plan, therefore, an important question to be considered is that as to the extent, if any, …
Note And Comment, Henry M. Bates, Lewis H. Mattern, Paul W. Gordon, Jean Paul Thomas
Note And Comment, Henry M. Bates, Lewis H. Mattern, Paul W. Gordon, Jean Paul Thomas
Michigan Law Review
Freedom of Press and Use of the Mails - Strangely enough, the First Amendment to the Federal Constitution, although it guarantees against federal attack highly important and fundamental rights, has received very little authoritative interpretation by our courts. It remained for the Gr&t War and conditions following in its train to bring before that tribunal almost the first really important controversies relating to freedom of press and of speech. The case of U. S. ex rel. Milwaukee Social Democratic Publishing Company, Plaintiff in Error, v. Postmaster-General Albert S. Burleson, decided March 7, 192i, is the- latest of a series of …
Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review
Recent Important Decisions, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Adverse Possession - Color of Title - Written Instrument. - Where the defendant under a parol gift of an entire tract of land, but without any "paper" titlq took actual possession of only a part of the tract, but claimed title up to its well-defined boundaries for the statutory period, it was held, in an action by the heirs of the donor, that the defendant had acquired title to the whole tract. Nelson v. Johnson (Ct. of App., Ky., r92o), 226 S. W. 94.
Note And Comment, Horace Lafayette Wilgus, Edson R. Sunderland, Carl G. Brandt, A George Bouchard
Note And Comment, Horace Lafayette Wilgus, Edson R. Sunderland, Carl G. Brandt, A George Bouchard
Michigan Law Review
Boycott - Clayton Act - In Duplex Printing Press Company v. Deering et al. (January 3, 192I) 41 S. Ct. 172, the facts were: The plaintiff, a Michigan corporation, manufactures at Battle Creek, and sells throughout the United States, especially in and around New York City, and abroad, very large, heavy and complicated newspaper printing presses. Purchasers furnish workmen, but ordinary mechanics alone are not competent to do this, and so they are supervised by specially skilled machinists furnished by plaintiffs. The plaintiffs have always operated on the "open shop" plan, without discrimination against union or non-union labor, either at …
Does The Constitution Protect Free Speech, Herbert F. Goodrich
Does The Constitution Protect Free Speech, Herbert F. Goodrich
Michigan Law Review
Many thoughtful men and women, witnessing the suppression of speech, by means both judicial and extra-judicial, in the period through which we have just passed, have reluctantly concluded that our hard won ight of freedom of speech has been lost, swept away in the flood tide of war enthusiasm. They point to the example of the recent candidate for the presidency, Eugene Debs, who is still confined in a federal prison for words he uttered during the war. They call attention to the fact that the fate of Mr. Debs is no worse than that of scores of other persons, …
Constitutional Law In 1919-1920, Iii, Thomas Reed Powell
Constitutional Law In 1919-1920, Iii, Thomas Reed Powell
Michigan Law Review
Five of the corporations which fought in vain against exercises of the police power profited nothing from their grasp at the obligation-of-contracts clause. In Milwaukee Electric Ry. & Light Co. v. Wisconsin2 the contract relied on was a clause in the charter of a street railroad imposing on it the duty to keep the space between and near its tracks in good repair "with the same material as the city shall have last used to pave or repave these spaces and the street previous to such repairs, unless the railway company and the board of public works of said city …
Constitutional Law In 1919-1920 Ii, Thomas Reed Powell
Constitutional Law In 1919-1920 Ii, Thomas Reed Powell
Michigan Law Review
Two important cases sustained objections to applications of the federal income tax. In each there was vigorous dissent. Evans v. Gore2 held that the constitutional provision that the federal judges shall receive "a compensation which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office" applies to diminution by inclusion of that compensation in the assessment of the general federal tax on net income. The case at bar involved a tax on the i918 compensation of a judge appointed in 1899. While not directly qualified by anything in the opinion, the decision would seem to have no application to judges appointed …
Constitutional Law In 1919-1920, Thomas Reed Powell
Constitutional Law In 1919-1920, Thomas Reed Powell
Michigan Law Review
This review aims to include all the decisions on constitutional questions rendered by the Supreme'Court of the United States during the October Term of court which began in October, i919, and ended in June, i92o.1 The treatment for the most part contents itself with exposition. The footnotes give references to articles and editorial notes in recognized law journals commenting on the cases here reviewed and on the more important constitutional decisions of other courts.2 The classification of the cases and the arrangement of topics are not satisfactory, but no alternative seems distinctly superior. A classification on the basis of the …
Federal Incorporation, Myron W. Watkins
Federal Incorporation, Myron W. Watkins
Michigan Law Review
Since the beginning of our national history the Constitution, which is essentially the source of the law rather than its framework, has with more or less promptitude fulfilled the function of sanctioning new rules of action which will permit a fairly symmetrical institutional development in the face of the changing conditions of the environment in which the people live and think and act. Always the habits of the people are changing, always the situation facts are being modified, and the Constitution in its widest and truest meaning but provides the means whereby thru this flux the body of the people …
Stock Dividends As Income, Robert E. More
Stock Dividends As Income, Robert E. More
Michigan Law Review
In the case of Towne v. Eisner, the United States Supreme Court has recently held that under the Income Tax Law of 1913, the stock dividends received by a shareholder during the year 1914 could not be taxed upon their full par value, where the corporate surplus thus distributed all accrued prior to January I, 1913. The Treasury Department subsequently announced that the decision is not applicable to the Income Tax Law of 1916.1 It is the purpose of this article to review the case of Towvne v. Eisner,2 and then to discuss the soundness of the position taken by …
Supreme Court's Theory Of A Direct Tax, J H. Riddle
Supreme Court's Theory Of A Direct Tax, J H. Riddle
Michigan Law Review
The decision of the United States Supreme Court in the Pollock case of 1895 was the beginning of an attempt on the part of the court to formulate a new definition of a direct tax, and since that time in every case which has called for a decision as to whether a particular tax was a direct tax the court has reverted to and tried to harmonize its decision with the reasoning set forth in the Pollock case. This decision overturned a fairly definite and universally accepted definition of a direct tax which had existed for nearly a century. In …
Carmack Amendment In The State Courts, Wayland H. Sanford
Carmack Amendment In The State Courts, Wayland H. Sanford
Michigan Law Review
Prior to the leading case of Adams Express Co. v. Croninger,'- decided January 6th, 1913, there was much diversity in the decisions of the state courts as to the validity of contracts between shippers and carriers limiting the amount of the carrier's liability for injuries to goods shipped. Such limitations were held valid in some states, but invalid in others, and in some were declared invalid by statutes or constitutional provisions.2 State rules were applied to interstate as well as intrastate shipments, it being supposed that Congress had not legislated upon the subject. The CARMACK AmlNDVNT of i9o6s provided that …
Marbury V Madison And The Doctrine Of Judical Review, Edward S. Corwin
Marbury V Madison And The Doctrine Of Judical Review, Edward S. Corwin
Michigan Law Review
What is the exact legal basis of the power of the Supreme Court to pass upon the constitutionality of acts of Congress? Recent literature on the subject reveals a considerable variety of opinion. There are radicals who hold that the power owes its existence to an act of sheer usurpation by the Supreme Court itself, in the decision of Marbury v. Madison. There are conservatives who point to clauses of the Constitution which, they assure us, specifically confer the power. There are legists who refuse to go back of Marbury v. Madison, content in the ratification which, they assert, subsequent …
A Historic Judicial Controversy And Some Reflections Suggested By It., S. S. Gregory
A Historic Judicial Controversy And Some Reflections Suggested By It., S. S. Gregory
Michigan Law Review
Probably most well informed persons of the present generation associate the notion, once maintained, that a state might secede or nullify an act of Congress, with the South and its earlier statesmen. And it is time that the resolutions drawn substantially by Jefferson and adopted by the Legislature of Kentucky in 1798, and similar resolutions drafted by Madison and adopted by the General Assembly of Virginia in the same year, together with some similar and more explicit declarations by the Legislature of the former state in 1799, seem to furnish some warrant for this impression. Yet it seems to be …
Judicial Criticism Of Legislation By Courts, Charles G. Haines
Judicial Criticism Of Legislation By Courts, Charles G. Haines
Michigan Law Review
In the application of the doctrine of judicial review of legislative acts, the federal courts of the United States have not infrequently been criticised for usurping part of the functions of the legislature. The criticisms have increased to such an extent as to raise an issue of national significance. Recently, charges against the judiciary for the usurpation of legislative functions have been made rather frequently by the justices of our federal Supreme Comt. The late Associate Justice Harlan, dissenting in part from the reasoning of the majority of the court in the Standard Oil case, brought such a criticism against …
Procedural Law Reform, Willis B. Perkins
Procedural Law Reform, Willis B. Perkins
Michigan Law Review
It is said that under our present practice, no matter how just the verdict and judgment of the court below may be, no lawyer can guarantee that his case may not be reversed by the Supreme Court. Is this criticism well-founded in fact; and, if so, is it a reflection upon our present methods of legal procedure? The statisticians tell us that no less than twenty per cent of all the cases taken to our appellate courts relate to questions of practice, and that throughout the country in forty per cent of these cases new trials are granted. In our …
The Supreme Court And The Fourteenth Amendment, Edward S. Corwin
The Supreme Court And The Fourteenth Amendment, Edward S. Corwin
Michigan Law Review
It was formerly the wont of legal writers to regard court decisions in much the same way as the mathematician regards the x of an algebraic equation: given the facts of the case and the existing law, the outcome was inevitable. This unhistorical standpoint has now been largely abandoned. Not only is it admitted that judges in finding the law act not as automata, as mere adding machines, but creatively, but also that the considerations which determine their decisions, far from resting exclusively upon a narrowly syllogistic basis, often repose very immediately upon concrete and vital notions of what is …
Note And Comment, James H. Brewster, Frank L. Sage, Harry B. Hutchins, Frank L. Sage, Henry M. Bates, Henry M. Bates
Note And Comment, James H. Brewster, Frank L. Sage, Harry B. Hutchins, Frank L. Sage, Henry M. Bates, Henry M. Bates
Michigan Law Review
A Spurious Law Course; Railroad Taxation in Michigan and Wisconsin; Surgical Operation on Minor Without Consent of Parent; The Power of Municipal Corporations to Grant Exclusive Privileges; Inheritance Taxes and the Right to Transfer and Inherit Property; The Sovereign Power of a State to Prevent Election Frauds; Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Election Cases;
Supreme Court And Unconstitutional Acts Of Congress, Edwin S. Corwin
Supreme Court And Unconstitutional Acts Of Congress, Edwin S. Corwin
Michigan Law Review
The power of the Supreme Court of the United States to supervise Congressional legislation has been so generally assumed in the recent discussions, both in and out of Congress, of the proposed Rate Bill, and is indeed so apparently settled today that it becomes of interest to inquire into the intention of the Constitutional Fathers in this matter. Did the Fathers intend that the federal judiciary should have the right to declare an act of Congress of no effect because transgressing constitutional limits? It does not detract from the interest of this question that two recent authorities who attempt to …
Note And Comment, Michigan Law Review
Note And Comment, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Lawyers and Jurists at the Exposition; Convention of the Commercial Law League of America; The Philippine Island Cases in the Supreme Court of the United States; The Writ of Habeas Corpus in Chinese Exclusion Cases; What is a "Crime" Within the Meaning of the Constitution?; Due Process of Law; Winding up Proceedings; Literary Criticism and the Law of Libel; The New Japanese Civil Code;
Note And Comment, Michigan Law Review
Note And Comment, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A National Incorporation Law; The Northern Securities Case; Controversies Between States; Liability of Members of Congress for Bribery; Exempting of Lawyers from Service of Civil Process While Attending Court; Law Governing the Validity of a Note Executed and Delivered in One State, But Payable in Another
Note And Comment, Michigan Law Review
Note And Comment, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Is Commerce Between a State and a Territory Interstate Comerce?; Right of Court to Instruct upon the Failure of Defendant to Testify in a Criminal Action; The Last of the Kentucky Bank Cases, and the Relations Between the State and Federal Courts; The Last of the Kentucky Bank Cases--Federal Tax Judgementss in STate Courts; Power of the Court to Order a Physical Examination in Personal Injury Cases; The Porto Rican is not an Allien; Mimicry as Infringement of Musical Composition;
Recent Legal Literature, Henry H. Swan, James F. Tracey, Robert E. Bunker, Floyd R. Mechem, Bradley Thompson, James H. Brewster, Floyd R. Mechem, Horace Lafayette Wilgus
Recent Legal Literature, Henry H. Swan, James F. Tracey, Robert E. Bunker, Floyd R. Mechem, Bradley Thompson, James H. Brewster, Floyd R. Mechem, Horace Lafayette Wilgus
Michigan Law Review
Hughes: Handbook of Admiralty Law; Wilgus: Cases on the General Principles of the Law of Private Corporations; Spelling: A Treatise on Injunctions and Other Extraordinary Remedies; Brannon: A Treatise on the Rights and Privileges Guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States; Boone: Real Property Law, 2nd ed.; Abbott and Abbott: The Clerks' and Conveyancers' Assistant; Rose: Notes on the United States Reports; Nichols: Britton: An English Translation and Notes