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State and Local Government Law Commons™

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1993

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 391 - 420 of 501

Full-Text Articles in State and Local Government Law

The North American Free Trade Agreemet And United States Employment., Roger W. Wallace, Max Scoular Jan 1993

The North American Free Trade Agreemet And United States Employment., Roger W. Wallace, Max Scoular

St. Mary's Law Journal

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) will create new opportunities for United States firms and workers while simultaneously protecting United States workers over a 15-year timeframe. The benefits of NAFTA include eliminating conditions that currently encourage or require United States firms to invest south of the border, establishing free trade in services, and eliminating non-tariff barriers which impede United States merchandise exports to Mexico. Furthermore, NAFTA would provide an improved and expanded regional trade and investment base resulting in a boost to the global competitiveness of US products. NAFTA would also increase trade liberalization with Mexico and maintain Mexico …

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Justice Thurgood Marshall In Memoriam., Gabrielle Kirk Mcdonald Jan 1993

Justice Thurgood Marshall In Memoriam., Gabrielle Kirk Mcdonald

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

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Revisiting Standards Of Review In Civil Appeals - Foreword Foreword., Nathan L. Hecht Jan 1993

Revisiting Standards Of Review In Civil Appeals - Foreword Foreword., Nathan L. Hecht

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

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Lawyer-Bashing: It's Time To Turn The Tide Perspective., Ward Blacklock Jan 1993

Lawyer-Bashing: It's Time To Turn The Tide Perspective., Ward Blacklock

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

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Revisiting Standards Of Review In Civil Appeals., W. Wendell Hall Jan 1993

Revisiting Standards Of Review In Civil Appeals., W. Wendell Hall

St. Mary's Law Journal

Applying and defining the accurate standard of review determines how likely an appeal will be successful. While the proper standard of review may be easy to identify, applying the standard of review to a case is often problematic. The standards define the interactions between trial and appellate courts by distributing the power of review throughout the judicial branch. The standards of review also limit a court’s authority to determine an error by a trial court, and whether the error warrants reversal. The standard sets the requirements of substantive law and provides a means for appellate judges to weigh arguments. This …

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Transracial Adoption In Texas: Should The Best Interests Standard Be Color-Blind., Jo Beth Eubanks Jan 1993

Transracial Adoption In Texas: Should The Best Interests Standard Be Color-Blind., Jo Beth Eubanks

St. Mary's Law Journal

Legislative amendments must go further than limiting race from being a primary factor in adoptions; amendments must eliminate race as an acceptable factor. Diverging opinions of “race matching” in foster care and adoption exist. Administrative policies regulating adoption hold that same-race placement, between the adoptive parent and child, is a primary consideration when awarding custody in Texas. Basing child placement on the race or ethnicity of the parties involved raises serious constitutional concerns. The best interest standard is the predominant method in determining child placement, for both custody and adoption proceedings. The premise of the best interest standard is prioritization …

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Between Scylla And Charybdis: Growth Management Act Implementation That Avoids Takings And Substantive Due Process Limitations, Jeffrey M. Eustis Jan 1993

Between Scylla And Charybdis: Growth Management Act Implementation That Avoids Takings And Substantive Due Process Limitations, Jeffrey M. Eustis

Seattle University Law Review

This Article begins with an overview of the GMA. It then proceeds with a summary of recent case law under the Takings Clause and substantive due process doctrine. After laying this groundwork, this Article focuses on four particular areas of growth management control and explores how local legislation implementing these areas of control would be analyzed under the Takings Clause and substantive due process. These four areas of land use regulation include: critical area protections, resource land designations, development phasing requirements for concurrency and urban growth areas, and impact fees for public facilities and services. This Article then concludes with …

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Punitive Damages Reform-State Legislatures Can And Should Meet The Challenge Issued By The Supreme Court Of The United States In Haslip, Victor F. Schwartz, Mark A. Behrens Jan 1993

Punitive Damages Reform-State Legislatures Can And Should Meet The Challenge Issued By The Supreme Court Of The United States In Haslip, Victor F. Schwartz, Mark A. Behrens

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Decriminalizing Prostitution: Liberation Or Dehumanization?, Carlin Meyer Jan 1993

Decriminalizing Prostitution: Liberation Or Dehumanization?, Carlin Meyer

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article argues that criminalizing prostitution perpetuates the exploitation and marginalization of women, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds. The author advocates for decriminalization as a necessary step towards empowering sex workers, highlighting how current legal frameworks fail to protect them and instead exacerbate their vulnerability. The thesis emphasizes the need for systemic change to address the societal structures that drive women into prostitution.

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Proof Of Attorney's Fees In Texas., Scott A. Brister Jan 1993

Proof Of Attorney's Fees In Texas., Scott A. Brister

St. Mary's Law Journal

In Texas, the complex and confusing rules defining proof of attorney’s fees require simplification. Texas, like many other states, follows the American Rule, meaning the plaintiff and defendant each pay their own attorney’s fees. The United States is the only common-law jurisdiction and virtually the only industrialized democracy following the American Rule. Two primary justifications support following the American Rule. First, the American Rule supports individuals seeking a judicial remedy by removing the obstacle of paying an opponent’s legal fees. Second, it reduces potential litigation, attendant time and expense that would be necessary to dispute legal fees if they were …

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Use Of Excessive Physical Force Against An Inmate May Constitute Cruel And Unusual Punishment Even Though The Prisoner Does Not Suffer Significant Injury., Anthony A. Avey Jan 1993

Use Of Excessive Physical Force Against An Inmate May Constitute Cruel And Unusual Punishment Even Though The Prisoner Does Not Suffer Significant Injury., Anthony A. Avey

St. Mary's Law Journal

In Hudson v. McMillian, the Supreme Court held that use of excessive physical force against an inmate may constitute cruel and unusual punishment even though the prisoner does not suffer any significant injury. The Eighth Amendment has evolved significantly since its adoption in 1791, becoming a complex line of authority which over time expanded the rights of criminals and convicts. Recent cases have attempted to mold the varying Eight Amendment standards into a more cohesive legal doctrine. These efforts were meant to clarify the doctrine of cruel and unusual punishments; however, the divergent interpretations of these decisions rendered Eighth Amendment …

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Summary Of The Convention Between The Government Of The United States Of America And The Government Of The United Mexican States For The Avoidance Of Double Taxation And The Prevention Of Fiscal Evasion With Respect To Taxes On Income., Raul S. Moreyra Jan 1993

Summary Of The Convention Between The Government Of The United States Of America And The Government Of The United Mexican States For The Avoidance Of Double Taxation And The Prevention Of Fiscal Evasion With Respect To Taxes On Income., Raul S. Moreyra

St. Mary's Law Journal

To prevent double taxation and income tax evasion, the Mexico and United States governments signed a convention in September 1992. The convention establishes when businesses may be subject to either United States or Mexico tax liabilities. Key to the application of the convention is the concept of permanent establishment. Permanent establishment is the designation given to a business situated in Mexico that transacts operations for a United States enterprise. This designation determines which nation, the United States or Mexico, will collect taxes from the business. If the business is a permanent establishment, the Mexican government will collect taxes. The types …

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Tending The Bar In Texas: Alcoholism As A Mitigating Factor In Attorney Discipline., Patricia Sue Heil Jan 1993

Tending The Bar In Texas: Alcoholism As A Mitigating Factor In Attorney Discipline., Patricia Sue Heil

St. Mary's Law Journal

This Comment describes the nature and scope of alcoholism and chemical dependency in the legal profession. It reviews the current state of the law regarding alcoholism as a mitigating factor in attorney discipline. Addictive illnesses manifest themselves in ways which leave afflicted attorneys unable to practice law in accordance with professional rules of conduct. The majority of attorney-discipline cases involve alcoholism or chemical dependency. An attorney whose illness remains untreated will likely become the subject of grievance-committee investigations. For disciplinary cases involving alcoholism, a suggested analysis includes establishing a nexus between illness and misconduct. Additionally, it includes a causal connection …

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Introduction Of Scientific Evidence In Criminal Cases, H. Patrick Furman Jan 1993

Introduction Of Scientific Evidence In Criminal Cases, H. Patrick Furman

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Name-Calling And The Clear Error Rule, Robert F. Nagel Jan 1993

Name-Calling And The Clear Error Rule, Robert F. Nagel

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Disagreement And Interpretation, Robert F. Nagel Jan 1993

Disagreement And Interpretation, Robert F. Nagel

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Journal Of The House Of Representatives Of The Commonwealth Of Kentucky, 1993, Organizational Session, Kentucky. General Assembly. House Of Representatives. Jan 1993

Journal Of The House Of Representatives Of The Commonwealth Of Kentucky, 1993, Organizational Session, Kentucky. General Assembly. House Of Representatives.

Journals of the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Kentucky

No abstract provided.

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Lawmaker As Lawbreaker: Enforcement Actions Against Municipalities For Failing To Comply With The Clean Water Act, G. Nelson Smith Iii Jan 1993

Lawmaker As Lawbreaker: Enforcement Actions Against Municipalities For Failing To Comply With The Clean Water Act, G. Nelson Smith Iii

Cleveland State Law Review

The Clean Water Act makes it unlawful for anyone, including municipalities, to discharge a pollutant into navigable waters except as authorized by specific sections of the Act. To implement this prohibition, as well as the exceptions, the Act established a complex system regulating all discharges into the navigable waters of the United States. Under the Act, the discharge of pollutants without a permit or in violation of a permit condition may result in civil penalties and/or a criminal penalty per day per violation. While these penalties could be extremely costly for municipalities, the problem becomes even more severe because many …

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The Concurrency Requirement Of The Washington State Growth Management Act, Thomas M. Walsh, Roger A. Pearce Jan 1993

The Concurrency Requirement Of The Washington State Growth Management Act, Thomas M. Walsh, Roger A. Pearce

Seattle University Law Review

When the Washington State Legislature enacted the Growth Management Act (GMA) in 1990, it established a concurrency requirement in the transportation area and authorized local governments to establish concurrency requirements in other areas such as schools, parks, and public services. This Article seeks to inform the debate as to the GMA's requirements for concurrency regulations, the key issues in implementing concurrency regulations, and statutory and constitutional limits on the implementation of regulations. After detailing the GMA's transportation concurrency requirement, the Article will discuss whether the GMA requires concurrency for public facilities other than transportation, will highlight the key issues in …

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The Arbitration Of Private Commercial Disputes Between Residents Of Texas And Mexico., Wayne I. Fagan, Carlos Gabuardi Arreola Jan 1993

The Arbitration Of Private Commercial Disputes Between Residents Of Texas And Mexico., Wayne I. Fagan, Carlos Gabuardi Arreola

St. Mary's Law Journal

This paper evaluates whether the Texas International Arbitration Act (TIAA) will be a helpful addition to the laws governing arbitration of private commercial disputes between residents of Texas and Mexico. Owing to differences among cultures, languages, and legal systems, attorneys in the United States and in Mexico are turning to binding arbitration for the resolution of international disputes. Texas enacted an International Arbitration Act in 1989 to foster expanded international trade and facilitate resolution of international commercial disputes through conciliation and arbitration. Proponents of international arbitration argue it is the method of choice for resolution of private commercial disputes due …

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Congressional Reform: Can Term Limitations Close The Door On Political Careerism., Julia C. Wommack Jan 1993

Congressional Reform: Can Term Limitations Close The Door On Political Careerism., Julia C. Wommack

St. Mary's Law Journal

Addressing Congressional woes requires reform. Entrenched incumbency is a detriment to the legislative system. Although the enactment of initiatives restricting Congressional terms limits signal voters agree, better alternatives exist. The only prerequisites found in the Constitution for serving in Congress are age, residency, and citizenship. While the twenty-second amendment proscribes the presidential office limit maximum as two terms, no such limitations exist for a congressman or congresswoman. Sitting incumbents have substantial advantages over their challengers. Incumbents success ratio exceeds 80% in Senate races and is approximately 90% for elections in the House of Representatives. Congressional term limitations attempt to eliminate …

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A Defense Of Prostitutes' Self-Organization, Drucilla Cornell Jan 1993

A Defense Of Prostitutes' Self-Organization, Drucilla Cornell

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article advocates for the decriminalization of prostitution as a necessary step toward empowering sex workers to self-organize and improve their working conditions. Drawing on personal experiences as a union organizer in the 1970s, the author highlights the shared struggles of women workers, including prostitutes, under exploitative capitalist systems. The article emphasizes the importance of recognizing prostitutes as workers deserving of labor rights and union representation, rather than viewing them solely as victims. It critiques the exclusion of sex workers from traditional labor organizing and argues that decriminalization would enable them to collectively address their exploitation and deconstruct oppressive conditions.

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There Must Be Fifty Ways To Lose Your (Driver's) License, H. Patrick Furman Jan 1993

There Must Be Fifty Ways To Lose Your (Driver's) License, H. Patrick Furman

Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Charging Order: Conflicts Between Partners And Creditors, J. Dennis Hynes Jan 1993

The Charging Order: Conflicts Between Partners And Creditors, J. Dennis Hynes

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Peremptory Challenges: Free Strikes No More, H. Patrick Furman Jan 1993

Peremptory Challenges: Free Strikes No More, H. Patrick Furman

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Some Worries About Sentencing Guidelines, William T. Pizzi Jan 1993

Some Worries About Sentencing Guidelines, William T. Pizzi

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Ackerman's Proposal For Popular Constitutional Lawmaking: Can It Realize His Aspirations For Dualist Democracy?, Philip J. Weiser Jan 1993

Ackerman's Proposal For Popular Constitutional Lawmaking: Can It Realize His Aspirations For Dualist Democracy?, Philip J. Weiser

Publications

No abstract provided.

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New Rule 50 May End Directed Verdicts For Plaintiffs, Michael J. Waggoner Jan 1993

New Rule 50 May End Directed Verdicts For Plaintiffs, Michael J. Waggoner

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Recognizing And Enforcing State And Tribal Judgements: A Roundtable Discussion Of Law, Policy, And Practice, Richard E. Ransom, Christine Zuni, P. S. Deloria, Robert N. Clinton Jan 1993

Recognizing And Enforcing State And Tribal Judgements: A Roundtable Discussion Of Law, Policy, And Practice, Richard E. Ransom, Christine Zuni, P. S. Deloria, Robert N. Clinton

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Defying Precedent: Can Abenaki Aboriginal Title Be Extinguished By The "Weight Of History"?, Gene Bergman Jan 1993

Defying Precedent: Can Abenaki Aboriginal Title Be Extinguished By The "Weight Of History"?, Gene Bergman

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.

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