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Articles 391 - 420 of 431
Full-Text Articles in State and Local Government Law
The Inconsistency Of Virginia's Execution Of The Npdes Permit Program: The Foreclosure Of Citizen Attorneys General From State And Federal Courts, D. Brennen Keene
The Inconsistency Of Virginia's Execution Of The Npdes Permit Program: The Foreclosure Of Citizen Attorneys General From State And Federal Courts, D. Brennen Keene
University of Richmond Law Review
The above mentioned goals and policies of the Clean Water Act suggest that Congress intended to create a partnership between the federal government, state governments, and the public to help abate pollution of the nation's waters. This intent is illustrated by the fact that permits issued to dischargers of pollutants into navigable waters can be issued by either the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or a state agency. Unfortunately, the goal of public involvement is lost in "the confusion caused by this poorly drafted and astonishingly imprecise statute." The resulting inconsistent system forecloses some members of the public from participating in …
University Of Richmond Law Review
University Of Richmond Law Review
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Role Of State Constitutions In An Era Of Big Government, Stanley Mosk
The Role Of State Constitutions In An Era Of Big Government, Stanley Mosk
University of Richmond Law Review
This is a speech delivered by The Honorable Stanley Mosk, Justice of the Supreme Court of California,at the T.C. Williams School of Law's eighth annual Emroch Lecture. Among his many achievements, Justice Mosk has authored some of California's most constructive legislative proposals in the crime and law enforcement fields, including the measure creating the Commission on Peace Officers Standards and Training.
Virginia And The Ratification Of The Bill Of Rights, 1789-1791, J. Gordon Hylton
Virginia And The Ratification Of The Bill Of Rights, 1789-1791, J. Gordon Hylton
University of Richmond Law Review
Historians and constitutional scholars have paid scant attention to the process by which the states ratified the Bill of Rights. The states' ratifying conventions of 1787 and 1788 have been examined in great detail, as have the debates of the first Congress which led to the presentation of the Bill of Rights to the states. Scholars, however, have treated the ratification of the first ten amendments as little more than an historical formality. Why more than two full years passed between the Congressional adoption of the proposed amendments and the approval by the requisite number of states has never been …
Response To Legal Issues Affecting Local Governments In Implementing The Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act, W. Taylor Murphy Jr., Michael Mckenney
Response To Legal Issues Affecting Local Governments In Implementing The Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act, W. Taylor Murphy Jr., Michael Mckenney
University of Richmond Law Review
The article Legal Issues Affecting Local Governments in Implementing the Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act (Legal Issues or "the article") adds measurably to the growing literature on the Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act ("the Act") and offers a significant amount of historical background. However, inasmuch as the article attempts to ascribe certain areas of legislative intent on the part of the General Assembly in adopting the Act that the authors of this comment believe are inaccurate, this comment will attempt to clarify those areas of legislative and regulatory intent. Additionally, this comment will discuss the regulatory development process of the Chesapeake Bay …
State Action Under The Religion Clauses: Neutral In Result Or Neutral In Treatment?, David K. Dewolf
State Action Under The Religion Clauses: Neutral In Result Or Neutral In Treatment?, David K. Dewolf
University of Richmond Law Review
The United States Supreme Court's treatment of the first amendment's religion clauses over the last fifty years has generated considerable controversy. While few religion clause cases reached the Supreme Court prior to 1940, the number steadily multiplied once the first amendment was incorporated into the fourteenth amendment. The Court's doctrinal development was incremental and uncertain, but by 1971 the Court had developed a test for each of the religion clauses to evaluate the constitutionality of challenged state action. Although these tests have not been followed with perfect fidelity, they have been the starting point for virtually all of the religion …
Legal Issues Affecting Local Governments In Implementing The Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act, W. Todd Benson, Philip O. Garland
Legal Issues Affecting Local Governments In Implementing The Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act, W. Todd Benson, Philip O. Garland
University of Richmond Law Review
A profound chapter in Virginia land use law has begun. The Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act ("CBPA"), passed in 1988, asks localities to look beyond their geographic boundaries and beyond the health and well-being of their citizens, and to exercise their police and zoning powers to protect the quality of state waters. Localities also are asked to cooperate with a new state agency violating the sanctum of the local government land use prerogative.
University Of Richmond Law Review
University Of Richmond Law Review
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
Virginia's Historic District Enabling Legislation: Preservation At The Local Level, Virginia Epes Mcconnell
Virginia's Historic District Enabling Legislation: Preservation At The Local Level, Virginia Epes Mcconnell
University of Richmond Law Review
On April 10, 1987, Governor Gerald L. Baliles established the Governor's Commission to Study Historic Preservation (the Commission). The Governor created the Commission in order to ensure that "Virginia is back in the forefront of our nation's historic preservation efforts," and charged the Commission to examine preservation issues in Virginia and to make recommendations for improving the Commonwealth's preservation program. Governor Baliles addressed the Commission in July of 1987, emphasizing that preservation is not mere reverence for the past. Preservation is, rather, a tool to manage change, to enliven our future, and is "necessary if we are to hand over …
Appellate Delay As A Catalyst For Change In Virginia, Julie M. Carpenter
Appellate Delay As A Catalyst For Change In Virginia, Julie M. Carpenter
University of Richmond Law Review
A Virginia citizen injured in an automobile accident in 1988 who is denied compensation through trial court error will wait an average of 1,165 days (3.2 years) after trial for the Supreme Court of Virginia to rectify the matter. Of course, that wait is only for the seventeen percent of cases that the supreme court elects to review, since Virginia is one of the only states that grants no right of appeal in most civil and criminal cases. By way of limited contrast, a civil appeal in the North Carolina Supreme Court averages be- tween 241 days and 257 days. …
Waste To Energy: Environmental And Local Government Concerns, Kelly Outten
Waste To Energy: Environmental And Local Government Concerns, Kelly Outten
University of Richmond Law Review
"The problem we are confronting here is immense-literally mountains of trash and garbage." With these words, Representative William S. Moorhead accurately described a current American dilemma-what to do with the four billion tons of solid waste annually produced by Americans. Concurrent with the problem of increasing quantities of waste are the problems of decreasing availability of land fill space and an ever-rising demand for energy. The existence of these problems is leading federal, state, and local governments to take a second look at their municipal solid waste and to realize that "waste is something more than an undesirable by-product of …
Local Government Liability In Virginia For Negligent Inspection Of Buildings, Structures And Equipment, Matthew W. Broughton
Local Government Liability In Virginia For Negligent Inspection Of Buildings, Structures And Equipment, Matthew W. Broughton
University of Richmond Law Review
There is a growing trend in Virginia, as well as in many other states, for injured citizens to hold local governments liable for personal injuries and loss of property resulting from the negligent inspection by building officials of privately owned buildings and structures. The recent abrogation of the doctrine of sovereign immunity in the majority of jurisdictions has served to encourage such litigation, but abrogation alone has proven to be no guarantee of recovery for negligent inspection. Rather, the majority of jurisdictions have continued to enjoy immunity by asserting that building inspectors perform a discretionary governmental function for which no …
Annexation In Virginia: The 1979 Amendments Usher In A New Era In City-County Relations, Robert E. Spicer Jr.
Annexation In Virginia: The 1979 Amendments Usher In A New Era In City-County Relations, Robert E. Spicer Jr.
University of Richmond Law Review
Annexation has been the most common method of adjusting local government boundaries in the United States since the 1850's. This widespread acceptance of annexation, however, has not created uniform procedures for initiating and completing annexation proceedings. Rather, the process of annexation varies considerably from state to state.
Virginia Criminal Procedure, Murray J. Janus
Virginia Criminal Procedure, Murray J. Janus
University of Richmond Law Review
Professor Ronald J. Bacigal of the T.C. Williams School of Law has made a valuable contribution to the criminal justice system with the recent publication of this book. Not only is the book well-written, but it is succinct and of a size that will easily fit into a lawyer's briefcase to accompany him to court. The manner in which the book is written is such that it can be readily understood by laymen interested in the law or used as the text for a course on criminal procedure in law school or college, and yet the book is detailed enough …
Double Jeopardy And The Virginia Supreme Court: Three Approaches To Multiple Punishment, Jane S. Glenn
Double Jeopardy And The Virginia Supreme Court: Three Approaches To Multiple Punishment, Jane S. Glenn
University of Richmond Law Review
The double jeopardy clause of the fifth amendment of the United States Constitution affords three primary protections. First, the clause protects against a second prosecution for the same offense after acquittal. Secondly, it protects against a second prosecution for the same offense after conviction. Thirdly, the clause prohibits the imposition of multiple punishment for a single offense. Although the double jeopardy principle has roots in antiquity, it may be one of our least understood constitutional protections. This comment will focus on the third protection of double jeopardy as it has been developed by the United States Supreme Court and recently …
The Immunity Of Local Governments And Their Officials From Antitrust Claims After City Of Boulder, J. Robert Brame Iii, Howard Feller
The Immunity Of Local Governments And Their Officials From Antitrust Claims After City Of Boulder, J. Robert Brame Iii, Howard Feller
University of Richmond Law Review
On January 13, 1982, the United States Supreme Court rendered an opinion against the City of Boulder, Colorado, which expanded the potential liability of local governmental entities and their officials to claims under the federal antitrust laws. The Supreme Court essentially held that a municipality cannot obtain immunity from antitrust claims unless it satisfies a stringent test. Due to the broad language of the opinion, virtually every activity in which a local governmental entity engages, including the traditional activities of zoning, licensing, franchising, purchasing and operating public utilities, has become subject to antitrust challenges that may require a trial on …
University Of Richmond Law Review Table Of Contents
University Of Richmond Law Review Table Of Contents
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
Interpleader In Virginia, Stephen E. Baril
Interpleader In Virginia, Stephen E. Baril
University of Richmond Law Review
Interpleader is a joinder device employed by a stakeholder (as the obligor is called) who does not know to which of several claimants he is or may be liable. It allows him to bring all of the claimants into a single proceeding, and to require them to litigate among themselves to determine who, if any, has a valid claim to the stake.
State Action And The Public Function Doctrine: Are There Really Public Functions?, William A. Diamond
State Action And The Public Function Doctrine: Are There Really Public Functions?, William A. Diamond
University of Richmond Law Review
FlaggBros., Inc., v. Brooks is the latest in a series of cases pertaining to the issue of state action. In that case, the Court decided that "dispute resolution" was not a public function such that the actions of a private party must adhere to constitutional standards. Mr. Justice Rehnquist, in delivering the opinion of the Court, added that, when considering such functions as education, police and fire protection, and tax collection: "We express no view as to the extent, if any, to which a city or State might be free to delegate to private parties the performance of such functions …
Book Reviews, Edward S. Graves, David L. Ross
Book Reviews, Edward S. Graves, David L. Ross
University of Richmond Law Review
These are book reviews from 1979.
Notes On Virginia Civil Procedure By W. Hamilton Bryson, Lewis T. Booker
Notes On Virginia Civil Procedure By W. Hamilton Bryson, Lewis T. Booker
University of Richmond Law Review
Although W. Hamilton Bryson modestly describes his Notes on Virginia Civil Procedure,the Michie Company, 1979, as "little more than an outline," he has in fact made a significant contribution to practical jurisprudence in his handbook on Virginia civil procedure. Mr. Bryson is a professor of law at the T. C. Williams School of Law of the University of Richmond and teaches Virginia Procedure there.
The Virginia Law Reporters Before 1880 By W. Hamilton Bryson, Mcdonald Wellford
The Virginia Law Reporters Before 1880 By W. Hamilton Bryson, Mcdonald Wellford
University of Richmond Law Review
The Virginia Bench and Bar are uniquely fortunate in having the early corpus juris of the Commonwealth as recorded in ColonialDecisions, Virginia Decisions and the Virginia Reports. Due to the documents of our nation's birth students of history are fully aware of Virginia's contribution to the establishment of our country. Relatively few individuals, however, recognize the significant contributions made by several of the authors of these documents toward compiling and recording for posterity the decisions of the Commonwealth's highest court.
Virginia's Law Of Sovereign Immunity: An Overview, James A. Willett
Virginia's Law Of Sovereign Immunity: An Overview, James A. Willett
University of Richmond Law Review
The immunity of a sovereign and its agents from liability for tortious conduct has long been a part of our common law. Its origin seems to be based on "the theory, allied with the divine right of kings, that 'the King can do no wrong', together with the feeling that it was necessarily a contradiction of his sovereignty to allow him to be sued as of right in his own courts." More modern justifications include the desire to limit judicial interference with the workings of government. Naturally this desire has left may wrongs unredressed. Thus, the law has been forced …
The Reports Of Charles Lee And Of John Brown, W. Hamilton Bryson
The Reports Of Charles Lee And Of John Brown, W. Hamilton Bryson
University of Richmond Law Review
The reports of Virginia cases from 1784 to 1794 compiled by Charles Lee and those of John Brown, which cover the period 1791 to 1799 in the Virginia Court of Appeals, are published for the first time here. Many of the cases in Lee's Reports and some in Brown's Reports have not been reported elsewhere, and the others supplement the rather brief case reports made by Bushrod Washington and Daniel Call. During the period of these reports, the judges of the court of appeals usually gave their opinions immediately after the attorneys had concluded their arguments; in the other cases …
Securing A Valid Annexation In Virginia: State And Federal Requirements
Securing A Valid Annexation In Virginia: State And Federal Requirements
University of Richmond Law Review
Municipal expansion by the annexation of surrounding territory involves two separate and distinct procedures in Virginia. Due to the Commonwealth's coverage under the Voting Rights Act of 1965, municipalities seeking annexation must obtain federal approval in addition to satisfying the requirements of state law. Compliance with the Act requires an affirmative showing that the expansion is nondiscriminatory in both its purposes and effects with regard to minority voting strength. Failure to meet these fed- eral requirements will invalidate the annexation, irrespective of its compliance with state law. This note will first examine the law of annexation in Virginia, highlighting its …
Subdivision Exactions: Virginia Constitutional Restrictions, Benjamin J. Trichelo
Subdivision Exactions: Virginia Constitutional Restrictions, Benjamin J. Trichelo
University of Richmond Law Review
New directions in zoning law have recently been established by the Supreme Court of Virginia. The court has declared unconstitutional an ordinance imposing a temporary building moratorium, another establishing minimum building lot sizes, and one compelling individual developers to first dedicate property in fee to the local government, and to then construct and maintain designated public facilities upon the dedicated land.
The Virginia Supreme Court: Authority Versus Power To Abolish The Common Law
The Virginia Supreme Court: Authority Versus Power To Abolish The Common Law
University of Richmond Law Review
The question of whether a state supreme court has the authority to abolish or modify a common law rule which is incorporated into the law of that state has been a frequent issue in courts throughout the United States. Every state, except Louisiana, has adopted the common law by statute or constitutional provision. Virginia has employed both methods.
Constitutional Revision: Virginia And The Nation, A.E. Dick Howard
Constitutional Revision: Virginia And The Nation, A.E. Dick Howard
University of Richmond Law Review
For about a quarter of a century-from the 1920's into the 1940's-no American state adopted a new constitution. By midcentury, however, interest in revising these fundamental laws had burgeoned. So widespread was the movement for constitutional revision that by 1970 a leading student of the subject commented that there was at that time "more official effort directed toward revising and rewriting state constitutions than at any time in the nation's history with the possible exception of the Civil War and Reconstruction era."
Jim Payne - The Man, Julian E. Savage
Jim Payne - The Man, Julian E. Savage
University of Richmond Law Review
Others will remember him as a teacher; as a colleague; as a scholar. I remember the man-a very human man-an exceptionally sensitive man. Some, who had contact with him only during the last year or two of his life, should know that illness and fatigue were then his' daily companions, forcing concessions of his time and brilliance, and making it impossible for him to give as fully of himself to his students as he had done for so many years past.
Sales-Breach Of Warranty And The Wrongful Death Statutes- Tort Concept Of Warranty Is Extende
Sales-Breach Of Warranty And The Wrongful Death Statutes- Tort Concept Of Warranty Is Extende
University of Richmond Law Review
The past few decades have seen the development of a trend in the field of products liability that has increased the protection of the ultimate consumer by expanding the duties and liabilities of the manufacturer and seller. This inclination has recently been extended by requiring manufacturers and sellers to warrant the safety of their products, and by abrogating the necessity of privity in most warranty actions. The result has increased the consumer's chance of recovery for personal injury caused by a defective product on the basis of negligence or breach of warranty. However, should the consumer die from the injury, …