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Social Welfare Law Commons™

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Articles 1951 - 1980 of 2378

Full-Text Articles in Social Welfare Law

The Perils Of Poverty: Prostitutes' Rights, Police Misconduct, And Poverty Law, Ray Kuszelewski, Dianne L. Martin Jul 1997

The Perils Of Poverty: Prostitutes' Rights, Police Misconduct, And Poverty Law, Ray Kuszelewski, Dianne L. Martin

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

This article is divided in two parts. In Part I, Ray Kuszelewski details the history of setbacks in representing street prostitutes faced by community-based initiatives at Parkdale Community Legal Services (PCLS). It is a personal, anecdotal, account of the clinic's evolutionary role in tackling the perils of poverty for street prostitutes. In Part II, Dianne Martin complements the first section by addressing the specific problem of police misconduct. The commentary is historical and theoretical in examining prior efforts at reform and argues for the development of a new, collaborative approach. The context is local and particularized in a community legal …

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Clinics In A Cold Climate: Community Law Centres In England And Wales, Roger Smith Jul 1997

Clinics In A Cold Climate: Community Law Centres In England And Wales, Roger Smith

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

Legal aid clinics in England and Wales, known as law centres, have struggled since they were set up in the early 1970s. They overcame the initial protests of the private profession, which saw the centres as competition, and established an important presence in social welfare law during the 1970s and 1980s. In 1986, the government began implementing financial cuts to the system. Over the next decade, the increased cuts led to a race towards "contract culture" and the introduction of "franchising" within the legal aid system. The implications of fiscal restraint on the efficiency and the quality of the service …

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Advanced Issues For Elderlaw Practitioners, Oregon Law Institute, Michael E. Haglund, Penny L. Davis, Richard A. Pagnano, Donna R. Meyer, Tim Nay, Sam Friedenberg Apr 1997

Advanced Issues For Elderlaw Practitioners, Oregon Law Institute, Michael E. Haglund, Penny L. Davis, Richard A. Pagnano, Donna R. Meyer, Tim Nay, Sam Friedenberg

Oregon Law Institute, 1997

Course Materials from the April 18, 1997 Program in Portland

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Foundations Of Elderlaw, Oregon Law Institute, Mark M. Williams, Dady K. Blake, Maggie Biondi, J. Geoffrey Bernhardt, Kristianne Cox, S. Jane Patterson, Cinda M. Conroyd, Wesley D. Fitzwater, Elizabeth A. Mckinney Apr 1997

Foundations Of Elderlaw, Oregon Law Institute, Mark M. Williams, Dady K. Blake, Maggie Biondi, J. Geoffrey Bernhardt, Kristianne Cox, S. Jane Patterson, Cinda M. Conroyd, Wesley D. Fitzwater, Elizabeth A. Mckinney

Oregon Law Institute, 1997

Course Materials from the April 18, 1997 Program in Portland

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Welfare Reform In The United States, Joel F. Handler Apr 1997

Welfare Reform In The United States, Joel F. Handler

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

Advanced countries that are experiencing high unemployment are reconsidering their generous welfare states in light of the American experience. This article sets forth a summary of the principles of the U.S. welfare reform -particularly enforcing work requirements by time-limited welfare-as well as the assumptions, including, principally, that welfare destroys work incentives and that jobs are available for those who want to work. In fact, most welfare recipients have extensive connections to the labour market, but cannot survive on either jobs or welfare. If the reforms are carried out as intended, severe hardship will result. The predicted outcome is that most …

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Interstate Collection Of Child Support And Federalism: Why The States Have Authority And What They Need To Do To Keep It, Eric S. Lind Mar 1997

Interstate Collection Of Child Support And Federalism: Why The States Have Authority And What They Need To Do To Keep It, Eric S. Lind

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

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Representing Race Outside Of Explicitly Racialized Contexts, Naomi R. Cahn Feb 1997

Representing Race Outside Of Explicitly Racialized Contexts, Naomi R. Cahn

Michigan Law Review

Welfare "as we know it" ended in 1996, a victim of a conservatism that views welfare recipients as lazy and immoral. One aspect of welfare that is, however, unlikely to experience radical change is child support. More vigorous child support enforcement has become an increasingly important component of federal welfare reform bills over the past two decades because of the twin hopes of fiscal and parental responsibility: first, that child support will reimburse welfare costs, and second, that fathers will take more responsibility for their children. Child support programs within the welfare system perpetuate a negative perception of poor people. …

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Can Poverty Lawyers Play Well With Others? Including Lawyers In Integrated, School-Based Service Delivery Programs, Leigh S. Goodmark Jan 1997

Can Poverty Lawyers Play Well With Others? Including Lawyers In Integrated, School-Based Service Delivery Programs, Leigh S. Goodmark

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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The Best Interests Of Children In The Cultural Context Of The Indian Child Welfare Act In In Re S.S. And R.S., Alissa M. Wilson Jan 1997

The Best Interests Of Children In The Cultural Context Of The Indian Child Welfare Act In In Re S.S. And R.S., Alissa M. Wilson

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Desegregating The Adoptive Family: In Support Of The Adoption Antidiscrimination Act Of 1955, 30 J. Marshall L. Rev. 593 (1997), Rebecca Varan Jan 1997

Desegregating The Adoptive Family: In Support Of The Adoption Antidiscrimination Act Of 1955, 30 J. Marshall L. Rev. 593 (1997), Rebecca Varan

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Virginia As A Model For Other State Welfare - Plans Virginia's Welfare Reform: Current Law And Effects, Laura Piper Jan 1997

Virginia As A Model For Other State Welfare - Plans Virginia's Welfare Reform: Current Law And Effects, Laura Piper

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

In 1995, Virginia became the first state to submit a comprehensive statewide welfare reform plan to the federal government.The crusade for a more effective Virginia welfare system was led by Governor George Allen.The federal government granted Virginia numerous waivers from federal regulations enabling Virginia to implement the Virginia Independence Plan ("VIP") and the Virginia Initiative for Employment not Welfare ("VIEW") component.According to the Virginia Department of Health and Human Resource's 1996 annual report, because of VIP and VIEW the number of welfare recipients decreased, employment rates increased and taxpayers saved 24 million dollars. On February 1, 1997, in response to …

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Charitable Choice: Will This Provision Of Welfare Reform Survive Constitutional Scrutiny?, Joel Weaver Jan 1997

Charitable Choice: Will This Provision Of Welfare Reform Survive Constitutional Scrutiny?, Joel Weaver

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This article explores the controversy that may arise as states and local governments begin to forge business relationships with religious organizations. Specifically, this article analyzes the continuing attempt by the Supreme Court to define policy concerning these relationships. Section II begins with a discussion of Establishment Clause jurisprudence. This part traces the Supreme Court s movement from a policy of strict separation of church and state towards one based more on neutrality. Section III examines the impact of this standard on interpretation of the "charitable choice" provision. Section IV concludes by suggesting that state legislatures proceed cautiously when enacting laws …

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Child Care Policy And The Welfare Reform Act, Peter R. Pitegoff Jan 1997

Child Care Policy And The Welfare Reform Act, Peter R. Pitegoff

Faculty Publications

This article sketches the 1996 Welfare Reform Act's major changes with particular attention to federally subsidized child care for low-income families.

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Reinventing Human Services In America, David Stoesz Jan 1997

Reinventing Human Services In America, David Stoesz

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

Passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act (PRWOA) of 1996 presents an opportunity to reinvent human services in America. For more than a decade, the welfare bureaucracy and public assistance programs of state welfare have been in crisis. The clients who depend on welfare detest it, finding and keeping qualified professionals to work in the public social services has become an administrative headache, and taxpayers perceive welfare as a fiscal black hole that perpetuates immorality. The recent decision to "devolve" welfare in a block grant to states underscores the urgency to rethink public assistance to poor families. There …

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Ending Welfare, Leaving The Poor To Face New Risk, Jeffrey S. Lehman, Sheldon Danziger Jan 1997

Ending Welfare, Leaving The Poor To Face New Risk, Jeffrey S. Lehman, Sheldon Danziger

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Welfare Reform, Work-Related Child Care, And Tax Policy: The "Family Values" Double Standard, Mary L. Heen Jan 1997

Welfare Reform, Work-Related Child Care, And Tax Policy: The "Family Values" Double Standard, Mary L. Heen

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

The welfare reform legislation signed into law last year repeals the entitlement to welfare and imposes strict time limits on the receipt of benefits. Although federal work requirements have been in effect for nearly thirty years, the new law requires the states to meet more stringent work participation levels and makes the work requirements applicable to mothers with younger children.The shift in the welfare paradigm toward mandatory wage work for mothers with young children has not been accompanied, however, by a corresponding policy shift toward universal or affordable child care.

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Welfare Reform And Unitended Consequences: Its Impact On A Local Child Protection Program, Larry Nackerud, Nicole Deets, Curtis Kleem, Alicia Isaac Jan 1997

Welfare Reform And Unitended Consequences: Its Impact On A Local Child Protection Program, Larry Nackerud, Nicole Deets, Curtis Kleem, Alicia Isaac

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

On August 22, 1996, President Clinton signed into law the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. The Act represents a fundamental shift in the relationship between the federal government, the fifty states, and persons living in poverty. A shift of this magnitude cannot be analyzed properly without considering the significant impact of unintended consequences that may result from the new policy. Often, unintended consequences occur when two different policies, in this case, public welfare and child protective services, collide. One such possible unintended consequence of this policy shift may be to reduce the effectiveness of a successful child protection …

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Virginia As A Model For Other State Welfare - Plans Virginia's Welfare Reform: Current Law And Effects, Laura Piper Jan 1997

Virginia As A Model For Other State Welfare - Plans Virginia's Welfare Reform: Current Law And Effects, Laura Piper

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

In 1995, Virginia became the first state to submit a comprehensive statewide welfare reform plan to the federal government.The crusade for a more effective Virginia welfare system was led by Governor George Allen.The federal government granted Virginia numerous waivers from federal regulations enabling Virginia to implement the Virginia Independence Plan ("VIP") and the Virginia Initiative for Employment not Welfare ("VIEW") component.According to the Virginia Department of Health and Human Resource's 1996 annual report, because of VIP and VIEW the number of welfare recipients decreased, employment rates increased and taxpayers saved 24 million dollars. On February 1, 1997, in response to …

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Rethinking Welfare In The Age Of Devolution, David Tuerck Ph.D., William F. O'Brien Jr., Ph.D. Jan 1997

Rethinking Welfare In The Age Of Devolution, David Tuerck Ph.D., William F. O'Brien Jr., Ph.D.

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

In August 1996, President Clinton signed the "Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA), landmark welfare-reform legislation that curtails benefits and shifts the responsibility for distributing welfare benefits from the federal government to the states. The new law reflects the public's dissatisfaction with the federal administration of welfare entitlements and, indeed, with the very idea of welfare entitlements. PRWORA embodies the concept of devolution: Temporary Assistance to Needy Families and child care block grants replace Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) entitlements and a host of other aid programs. Under the law, "[e]xcept as expressly provided …

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The Earned Income Tax Credit And Welfare Reform, James Williams Jan 1997

The Earned Income Tax Credit And Welfare Reform, James Williams

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

The focus of this paper is the EITC and its important role in welfare reform. The current welfare system has been criticized on the grounds that it does not promote and encourage work. Critics also claim that welfare welfare is ineffective in reducing poverty, especially among children. The EITC addresses several of these complaints. First, the EITC "[i]s strongly pro-work. Only working families qualify for it. In addition, unlike welfare benefits, EITC payments rise rather than fall with earnings across that critical low-income range where we want to encourage work effort." Proponents of the EITC, such as Senator Bill Bradley …

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Keynote Address: Social Justice Week 1997, Peter Edelman Jan 1997

Keynote Address: Social Justice Week 1997, Peter Edelman

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

I am pleased to be here not just to talk about the question of what happens to poor people under the new welfare legislation, but also because you have asked me to speak as part of your Social Justice Week. It is very important that you have Social Justice Week and that so many people are so interested in participating. As I will say in more detail later, it is urgent that we get beyond the debate over welfare at the same time as we pay careful attention to the implementation of the new welfare legislation. Our real effort has …

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Recent Development, Public Housing In Singapore: The Use Of Ends-Based Reasoning In The Quest For A Workable System, Aya Gruber Jan 1997

Recent Development, Public Housing In Singapore: The Use Of Ends-Based Reasoning In The Quest For A Workable System, Aya Gruber

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Keynote Address: Social Justice Week 1997, Peter Edelman Jan 1997

Keynote Address: Social Justice Week 1997, Peter Edelman

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

I am pleased to be here not just to talk about the question of what happens to poor people under the new welfare legislation, but also because you have asked me to speak as part of your Social Justice Week. It is very important that you have Social Justice Week and that so many people are so interested in participating. As I will say in more detail later, it is urgent that we get beyond the debate over welfare at the same time as we pay careful attention to the implementation of the new welfare legislation. Our real effort has …

Go to article

Welfare Reform, Work-Related Child Care, And Tax Policy: The "Family Values" Double Standard, Mary L. Heen Jan 1997

Welfare Reform, Work-Related Child Care, And Tax Policy: The "Family Values" Double Standard, Mary L. Heen

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

The welfare reform legislation signed into law last year repeals the entitlement to welfare and imposes strict time limits on the receipt of benefits. Although federal work requirements have been in effect for nearly thirty years, the new law requires the states to meet more stringent work participation levels and makes the work requirements applicable to mothers with younger children.The shift in the welfare paradigm toward mandatory wage work for mothers with young children has not been accompanied, however, by a corresponding policy shift toward universal or affordable child care.

Go to article

Welfare Reform And Unitended Consequences: Its Impact On A Local Child Protection Program, Larry Nackerud, Nicole Deets, Curtis Kleem, Alicia Isaac Jan 1997

Welfare Reform And Unitended Consequences: Its Impact On A Local Child Protection Program, Larry Nackerud, Nicole Deets, Curtis Kleem, Alicia Isaac

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

On August 22, 1996, President Clinton signed into law the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. The Act represents a fundamental shift in the relationship between the federal government, the fifty states, and persons living in poverty. A shift of this magnitude cannot be analyzed properly without considering the significant impact of unintended consequences that may result from the new policy. Often, unintended consequences occur when two different policies, in this case, public welfare and child protective services, collide. One such possible unintended consequence of this policy shift may be to reduce the effectiveness of a successful child protection …

Go to article

Reinventing Human Services In America, David Stoesz Jan 1997

Reinventing Human Services In America, David Stoesz

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

Passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act (PRWOA) of 1996 presents an opportunity to reinvent human services in America. For more than a decade, the welfare bureaucracy and public assistance programs of state welfare have been in crisis. The clients who depend on welfare detest it, finding and keeping qualified professionals to work in the public social services has become an administrative headache, and taxpayers perceive welfare as a fiscal black hole that perpetuates immorality. The recent decision to "devolve" welfare in a block grant to states underscores the urgency to rethink public assistance to poor families. There …

Go to article

Rethinking Welfare In The Age Of Devolution, David Tuerck Ph.D., William F. O'Brien Jr., Ph.D. Jan 1997

Rethinking Welfare In The Age Of Devolution, David Tuerck Ph.D., William F. O'Brien Jr., Ph.D.

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

In August 1996, President Clinton signed the "Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA), landmark welfare-reform legislation that curtails benefits and shifts the responsibility for distributing welfare benefits from the federal government to the states. The new law reflects the public's dissatisfaction with the federal administration of welfare entitlements and, indeed, with the very idea of welfare entitlements. PRWORA embodies the concept of devolution: Temporary Assistance to Needy Families and child care block grants replace Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) entitlements and a host of other aid programs. Under the law, "[e]xcept as expressly provided …

Go to article

Charitable Choice: Will This Provision Of Welfare Reform Survive Constitutional Scrutiny?, Joel Weaver Jan 1997

Charitable Choice: Will This Provision Of Welfare Reform Survive Constitutional Scrutiny?, Joel Weaver

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

This article explores the controversy that may arise as states and local governments begin to forge business relationships with religious organizations. Specifically, this article analyzes the continuing attempt by the Supreme Court to define policy concerning these relationships. Section II begins with a discussion of Establishment Clause jurisprudence. This part traces the Supreme Court s movement from a policy of strict separation of church and state towards one based more on neutrality. Section III examines the impact of this standard on interpretation of the "charitable choice" provision. Section IV concludes by suggesting that state legislatures proceed cautiously when enacting laws …

Go to article

The Earned Income Tax Credit And Welfare Reform, James Williams Jan 1997

The Earned Income Tax Credit And Welfare Reform, James Williams

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

The focus of this paper is the EITC and its important role in welfare reform. The current welfare system has been criticized on the grounds that it does not promote and encourage work. Critics also claim that welfare welfare is ineffective in reducing poverty, especially among children. The EITC addresses several of these complaints. First, the EITC "[i]s strongly pro-work. Only working families qualify for it. In addition, unlike welfare benefits, EITC payments rise rather than fall with earnings across that critical low-income range where we want to encourage work effort." Proponents of the EITC, such as Senator Bill Bradley …

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Welfare Magnets: The Race For The Top, F. H. Buckley, Margaret F. Brinig Jan 1997

Welfare Magnets: The Race For The Top, F. H. Buckley, Margaret F. Brinig

Journal Articles

Race to the bottom explanations of welfare policies suggest that the power to set welfare payouts should be assigned to the federal government. Such theories predict that states cut benefits levels when faced with an increased demand for welfare from welfare migrants. This Article's econometric study of the determinants of AFDC payouts finds no evidence that states react in this way. This suggests that states should be accorded the power to curtail welfare payments to new arrivals through residency requirements, an issue left as moot in Anderson v. Green.

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