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Articles 121 - 150 of 340
Full-Text Articles in Sexuality and the Law
You Can Steal Her Virginity But Not Her Doll: The Nineteenth Century Campaign To Raise The Legal Age Of Sexual Consent, J. Shoshanna Ehrlich
You Can Steal Her Virginity But Not Her Doll: The Nineteenth Century Campaign To Raise The Legal Age Of Sexual Consent, J. Shoshanna Ehrlich
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article examines the 19th-century campaign to raise the age of sexual consent, driven by reformers who sought to protect young girls from exploitation and encode moral values into law. They argued that girls lacked the maturity to consent to sex and that losing virginity was a significant life-altering event. The campaign reflects both protective intentions and efforts to control female sexuality, particularly among working-class girls.
The "Accidental Procreation" Argument For Withholding Legal Recognition For Same-Sex Relationships, Edward D. Stein
The "Accidental Procreation" Argument For Withholding Legal Recognition For Same-Sex Relationships, Edward D. Stein
Articles
This article examines “the accidental procreation argument,” an argument against same-sex marriage that still has some traction in United States appellate courts. The accidental procreation argument is meant to take the place of one of the central arguments made by states — and almost universally accepted by courts — in the first batch of cases in the United States about same-sex marriage. That original procreation-based argument — now widely acknowledged to be inadequate — posited that marriage is crucially related to procreation; therefore, since same-sex couples cannot procreate, same-sex couples should not be allowed to marry. The accidental procreation argument …
Rethinking Child Advocacy After Roper V. Simmons: "Kids Are Just Different" And "Kids Are Like Adults" Advocacy Strategies, Elisa Poncz
Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal
The article examines the tension between two competing arguments in juvenile law: "kids are just different" and "kids are like adults." It critiques the binary approach often used in child advocacy and proposes a more nuanced, patchwork strategy that combines both perspectives to better serve the diverse needs of juveniles. The analysis focuses on key legal contexts, including the death penalty, life without parole, and minors' rights in medical decision-making, education, and internet access. The author argues that a balanced approach is essential to address the complexities of juvenile rights and responsibilities.
Myspace In A Post-Grokster World: Digital Finger Pointing For Offenses Perpetrated Through Use Of Social Networking Sites After Mgm V. Grokster, Cheryl J. Eisner
Myspace In A Post-Grokster World: Digital Finger Pointing For Offenses Perpetrated Through Use Of Social Networking Sites After Mgm V. Grokster, Cheryl J. Eisner
Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal
The note examines the dismissal of a negligence lawsuit against MySpace, arguing that interactive computer services should not be held liable for offline harms committed by users. It emphasizes the importance of protecting such platforms under the Communications Decency Act (CDA) and highlights the need to balance free speech and technological development against concerns for user safety.
Change Of Sex Designation On Transsexuals' Birth Certificates: Public Policy And Equal Protection, Stephanie Markowitz
Change Of Sex Designation On Transsexuals' Birth Certificates: Public Policy And Equal Protection, Stephanie Markowitz
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note examines the legal inconsistencies in the United States regarding the amendment of birth certificates for postoperative transsexual individuals, highlighting the disparity in treatment between male-to-female (MTF) and female-to-male (FTM) transsexuals. It argues that these inconsistencies violate the Equal Protection Clause by subjecting similarly situated individuals to different standards, often requiring MTF transsexuals to undergo more invasive surgeries than FTM transsexuals. The author advocates for a more equitable approach, emphasizing the importance of medical professionals' opinions and aligning legal standards with modern understandings of gender identity.
It Takes Three, Baby: The Lack Of Standard, Legal Definitions Of "Best Interest Of The Child" And The Right To Contract For Lesbian Potential Parents, Harvey L. Fiser, Paula K. Garrett
It Takes Three, Baby: The Lack Of Standard, Legal Definitions Of "Best Interest Of The Child" And The Right To Contract For Lesbian Potential Parents, Harvey L. Fiser, Paula K. Garrett
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
In order to consider the plausibility of contracts regarding Artificial Insemination, or Al, this article will first review various options and legal ramifications for choices regarding Al and then focus on the effect of inconsistent application of the Uniform Parentage Act, or UPA, among states that have chosen to adopt any legislation. This legal conundrum creates major obstacles for lesbian couples in procreation and in legal protection for children and often denies lesbian Americans the right to equal enforcement of contracts. This article will consider how the current standard of "best interest of the child" is being used in the …
Letting "Privates" Be Private: Toward A Right Of Gender Selfdetermination, Samuel E. Bartos
Letting "Privates" Be Private: Toward A Right Of Gender Selfdetermination, Samuel E. Bartos
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note examines the contradictory landscape of transgender jurisprudence, particularly focusing on the legal struggles of transgender individuals to achieve recognition of their gender identity. It highlights the Kansas Supreme Court's decision in In the Matter of the Estate of Marshall G. Gardiner, which denied legal recognition of a transgender individual's marriage, contrasted with more progressive rulings in other jurisdictions. The analysis underscores the need for a consistent and inclusive legal framework to address the rights of transgender individuals, emphasizing the potential for future Supreme Court intervention to establish uniform standards.
The Changing Faces Of Women's Colleges: Striking A Balance Between Transgender Rights And Women's Colleges' Right To Exclude, Cathy Perifimos
The Changing Faces Of Women's Colleges: Striking A Balance Between Transgender Rights And Women's Colleges' Right To Exclude, Cathy Perifimos
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note explores the tension between women's colleges' traditional mission of providing single-sex education and the rights of transgender students, arguing for the need to balance these interests through clear policies and legal frameworks.
Wedlock, Blood Relationship, And Citizenship, Logan Bobo
Wedlock, Blood Relationship, And Citizenship, Logan Bobo
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note examines the conflicting interpretations of U.S. nationality law under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), particularly focusing on whether citizenship transmission requires a blood relationship or can be based on the legal status of the parents' marriage. It argues that the Ninth Circuit's interpretation, which does not require a blood relationship for children born in wedlock, better aligns with the INA's goals of promoting family unity and avoiding gender-based discrimination. The note critiques the State Department's interpretation, as outlined in the Foreign Affairs Manual (FAM), for lacking statutory and judicial support, and highlights the need for congressional or …
Strict Liability And Negligent Rape: Or How I Learned To Start Worrying And Question The Criminal Justice System, Dini Rosenbaum
Strict Liability And Negligent Rape: Or How I Learned To Start Worrying And Question The Criminal Justice System, Dini Rosenbaum
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note critiques strict liability and negligent rape standards, advocating for a more nuanced approach that prioritizes subjective fault and societal education to address the limitations of current rape laws. It emphasizes the need to align legal standards with the defendant's actual state of mind while addressing systemic barriers to justice, particularly in date rape cases. The analysis highlights the gap between legal reforms and their practical application, suggesting that education could be a more effective tool for prevention than relying solely on legal changes.
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Youth In The Juvenile Justice System: Incorporating Sexual Orientation And Gender Identity Into The Rehabilitative Process, Heather Squatriglia
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Youth In The Juvenile Justice System: Incorporating Sexual Orientation And Gender Identity Into The Rehabilitative Process, Heather Squatriglia
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note argues that the juvenile justice system must integrate the sexual orientation and gender identity of LGBT youth into their rehabilitative process. It emphasizes that these youth face unique challenges, including harassment, rejection, and discrimination, which often lead to their involvement in the juvenile justice system. The system's failure to address these issues undermines its rehabilitative goals, necessitating specialized programming and support to ensure these youth can develop into healthy, contributing adults.
Separating Civil Unions And Religious Marriage-A New Paradigm For Recognizing Same-Sex Relationships, Dov Berger
Separating Civil Unions And Religious Marriage-A New Paradigm For Recognizing Same-Sex Relationships, Dov Berger
Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal
The note argues that civil marriage laws defining marriage as between a man and a woman violate the Establishment Clause by favoring one religious perspective over another. It proposes a solution to this constitutional issue by advocating for the separation of civil unions from religious marriage, drawing on New York's kashrut and get laws as a model. The analysis focuses on two key cases, Hernandez v. Robles and Lewis v. Harris, to highlight the legal and religious tensions surrounding same-sex marriage. The author suggests that replacing marriage with a civil union system would respect both legal and religious traditions …
The Waterloo For The So-Called Church Autonomy Theory: Widespread Clergy Abuse And Institutional Cover-Up, Marci A. Hamilton
The Waterloo For The So-Called Church Autonomy Theory: Widespread Clergy Abuse And Institutional Cover-Up, Marci A. Hamilton
Cardozo Law Review
No abstract provided.
Birds Of An Illegal Feather: Prostitution And Paid Pornography Should Be Criminalized Together, Zachary David Streit
Birds Of An Illegal Feather: Prostitution And Paid Pornography Should Be Criminalized Together, Zachary David Streit
Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal
The note argues that prostitution and paid pornography should be criminalized together under the same legal framework. Both activities are criticized for their harmful effects, including the objectification and exploitation of women, as well as contributing to social ills such as disease and violence. The author advocates for the use of existing prostitution laws to prosecute those involved in pornography, arguing that this approach is legally sound and would help reduce the negative impacts of both industries.
Taking The Right To Abortion In Croatia Seriously - One Of The Basic Constitutional Rights Or A Rudiment Of The Right To Reproduction?, Dalida Rittossa
Taking The Right To Abortion In Croatia Seriously - One Of The Basic Constitutional Rights Or A Rudiment Of The Right To Reproduction?, Dalida Rittossa
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Free Expression In Motion Pictures: Childhood Sexuality And A Satisfied Society, James E. Bristol, Iii
Free Expression In Motion Pictures: Childhood Sexuality And A Satisfied Society, James E. Bristol, Iii
Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Langan V. St. Vincent Hospital: A Fearful Court Or A Properly Measured Response?, Jeniffer Viscarra
Langan V. St. Vincent Hospital: A Fearful Court Or A Properly Measured Response?, Jeniffer Viscarra
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
"We're Here To Protect Democracy. We're Not Here To Practice It": The U.S. Military's Involvement In Trafficking In Persons And Suggestions For The Future, Jorene Soto
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article argues that the U.S. military has historically been complicit in human trafficking, particularly through its involvement in prostitution near overseas bases, and that current legal and policy measures fail to adequately address this issue. While laws like the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) and the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) provide some framework, enforcement and penalties are insufficient to deter military personnel from contributing to trafficking. The article calls for stronger legal policies, enhanced education, and stricter penalties to combat this issue effectively.
Protecting Gay And Lesbian Families From Eviction From Their Homes: The Quest For Equality For Gay And Lesbian Families In Braschi V. Stahl Associates, Paris R. Baldacci
Protecting Gay And Lesbian Families From Eviction From Their Homes: The Quest For Equality For Gay And Lesbian Families In Braschi V. Stahl Associates, Paris R. Baldacci
Articles
No abstract provided.
Civil Commitment Of Sexually Violent Predators: The Search For A Limiting Principle, Aman Ahluwalia
Civil Commitment Of Sexually Violent Predators: The Search For A Limiting Principle, Aman Ahluwalia
Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal
The article challenges the legal and empirical justifications for civil commitment of sexually violent predators, arguing that current standards, such as mental abnormality and lack of control, are overly broad and lack robust empirical support. It contends that recidivism rates for sex offenders are not significantly higher than those of other offenders, undermining the rationale for civil commitment. The analysis advocates for a more nuanced approach to incapacitation, emphasizing criminal law solutions over medicalized commitments.
Prescription Contraceptives And The Pharmacist's Right To Refuse: Examining The Efficacy Of Conscience Laws, Dennis Rambaud
Prescription Contraceptives And The Pharmacist's Right To Refuse: Examining The Efficacy Of Conscience Laws, Dennis Rambaud
Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal
The note examines the ethical and legal implications of pharmacists refusing to fill prescriptions for contraceptives based on moral or religious objections. It argues that existing legal protections under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and professional standards already provide adequate safeguards for pharmacists, rendering additional conscience laws unnecessary. The analysis emphasizes the need to balance pharmacists' rights with patients' access to essential medications, highlighting concerns that conscience laws may hinder patient care without ensuring referrals to alternative providers.
A New Disease Born Every Minute: The Marketing Of Pathology And The Exploitation Of Gender-Based Insecurities And Sexuality To Sell Drugs, Elizabeth Lambdin
A New Disease Born Every Minute: The Marketing Of Pathology And The Exploitation Of Gender-Based Insecurities And Sexuality To Sell Drugs, Elizabeth Lambdin
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Reconceptualizing Child Sexual Exploitation As A Bias Crime Under The Protect Act, Tracy Agyemang
Reconceptualizing Child Sexual Exploitation As A Bias Crime Under The Protect Act, Tracy Agyemang
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note argues that the PROTECT Act, while expanding legal measures to combat child sexual exploitation, fails to address the crime's root causes and its nature as a form of discrimination. It advocates for reconceptualizing child sexual exploitation as a bias crime, which would enhance legal deterrence, increase penalties, and better acknowledge the psychological trauma experienced by victims. The note emphasizes that recognizing exploitation as a bias crime would address the systemic factors, such as poverty and discrimination, that perpetuate the crime.
The Constitutional Validity Of Circuit Court Opinions Limiting The American Right To Sexual Privacy, Shelly Elimelekh
The Constitutional Validity Of Circuit Court Opinions Limiting The American Right To Sexual Privacy, Shelly Elimelekh
Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal
No abstract provided.
The Right To Marry, Cass R. Sunstein
The Right To Marry, Cass R. Sunstein
Cardozo Law Review
The Supreme Court has said that there is a constitutional "right to marry"; but what can this possibly mean? People do not have a right to marry their dog, their aunt, June 29, a rose petal, or a sunny day. This essay attempts to make some progress in understanding both the content and the scope of the right to marry. With respect to content, it concludes that people have no more and no less than this: a right of access to whatever expressive and material benefits the state now provides for the institution of marriage. It follows that the right …
The Political Science Of Hormone Folklore, Rebecca M. Young
The Political Science Of Hormone Folklore, Rebecca M. Young
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Hacking The Gender Binary Myth: Recognizing Fundamental Rights For The Intersexed, Sara R. Benson
Hacking The Gender Binary Myth: Recognizing Fundamental Rights For The Intersexed, Sara R. Benson
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article argues that current medical practices allowing parents and doctors to assign a physical sex to intersex children through surgery violate the child's fundamental rights to bodily integrity, personality, gender identity, and sexuality. These rights, while not yet fully defined in jurisprudence, provide a framework for protecting individuals from unwarranted governmental and medical intrusion. The article advocates for delaying such decisions until the child can consent, drawing on the Colombian Constitutional Court's recognition of a child's right to develop their gender identity. It also highlights the broader implications for transgender rights and challenges societal gender binaries.
Outside The Law: Intersex, Medicine And The Discourse Of Rights, Jo Bird
Outside The Law: Intersex, Medicine And The Discourse Of Rights, Jo Bird
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article argues that the legal system perpetuates the erasure of intersex individuals by constructing intersex as a medical rather than a legal issue, leading to human rights violations. It contends that the law requires individuals to fit into a binary sex classification to be recognized as fully human, thereby denying intersex people legal visibility and protection. The article advocates for the recognition of intersex as a legal category to address the systemic discrimination and violence intersex individuals face, particularly in medical practices.
Cutting It: Surgical Interventions And The Sexing Of Children, Marie Fox, Michael Thomson
Cutting It: Surgical Interventions And The Sexing Of Children, Marie Fox, Michael Thomson
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article critiques the normalization of non-consensual surgical interventions on children, particularly focusing on male circumcision and intersex surgeries, arguing that these practices are rooted in cultural and gender norms rather than medical necessity. It challenges the legal and ethical frameworks that allow such surgeries, emphasizing the need for informed consent and stricter regulations.
Engendering Sex: Birth Certificates, Biology And The Body In Anglo American Law, Saru Matambanadzo
Engendering Sex: Birth Certificates, Biology And The Body In Anglo American Law, Saru Matambanadzo
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article critically examines the legal determination of sex, particularly for transgender individuals, arguing that current systems relying on rigid biological definitions fail to account for the complexity of gender identity. It advocates for a shift towards recognizing "lived gender," which integrates biology, culture, psychology, and social interactions to create a more inclusive and accurate legal framework. This approach challenges traditional legal and medical constructs that have historically marginalized transgender individuals and calls for legal reform to better reflect individual experiences and promote inclusivity.